A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Babu, Ram
- Computation and Estimation of Rainfall Energy and Erosion Indices in Metric Units
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 105, No 3 (1979), Pagination: 217-222Abstract
The procedure for computation of erosion indesx values (EI) in metric units and also to convert the EI values already available in FPS units has been discussed. The feasibility of estimating rainfall energy from rainfall amount and EI values from the product of rainfall amount and maximum intensity for a selected duration, need to be explored at a number of locations.- Effect of Clearfelling and Reforestation on Runoff and Peak Rates in Small Watersheds
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 102, No 4 (1976), Pagination: 219-226Abstract
Two small forest (brush) Watersheds W1F (1.45 ha) and W2F (0.87 ha) were calibrated for 8 years (1961-68). During calibration period W1F gave 18% more runoff and 63% higher peak rate of runoff as compared to W2F. In the year 1969, W1F was clearfelled and reafforested with Eucalyptus species. The post calibration relationship indicates that W1F (treated) after afforestation gave 10% less runoff and peak rates of runoff as compared to W2F (untreated). The total reduction of 28% in runoff and 73% in peak rate is due to afforestation resulting in fully stocked plantation and a dense undergrowth. The study has quantitatively indicated the effectiveness of afforestation for flood control purposes by reducing runoff (28%) and of drastically reducing the peak rate of runoff (73%).- Rainfall Erosion Index of Dehra Dun
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 93, No 10 (1967), Pagination: 734-738Abstract
EI (Erosion Index) values are used for several purposes like estimating soill loss, accurate classification of rainstorm according to their soil eroding potential, accurate evaluation of erosivity of different soils, estimating cover and management effect. These values will be much useful when compiled for the entire country, Usually more than 20 years recording raingauge data is required but in the absence of such long period data; attempt is made to compute EI values for low frequency of 2 years and 5 years and as more years of data collected the estimated values may be extended. The EI values calculated for Dehra Dun are 244, 536 and 808 for 2, 5 and 10 years frequency.- Frequency Analysis of Rainfall Data
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 94, No 5 (1968), Pagination: 373-382Abstract
Rainfall is the most important component of the hydrological cycle. Rainfall data is needed by all agencies dealing with the use and management of natural resources. The total rainfall and distribution, intensity, duration and frequency are often needed for design of engineering structures, analysis of erosion and flood problems. The annual and seasonal data are usually represented by bar diagrams. These do not give much useful information. Probability and frequency analysis of rainfall data will be more useful. The paper describes the method of frequency analysis of annual, seasonal, monthly and daily rainfall data and also for duration less than 24 hour. Similar analysis for other localities as recommended for preparing an isopluvial map of India for various duration and recurrence intervals.- Raingauge Density for Small Watershed
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Indian Forester, Vol 95, No 2 (1969), Pagination: 98-101Abstract
Determination of areal rainfall amount is essential to most hydrologic investigations. To measure 'true' rainfall, various raingauge installed at a density of 1.94 to 39.80 hectares per raingauge, at Soil Conservation Farm, Dehra Dun have shown that the variation in each storm recorded in 5 years (comprising 137 storms of more than 10.0 mm) was within '5 percent level of significance' and therefore one raingauge up to watershed area of 370 hectares is sufficient. In case the subwatersheds within this size large watershed, are gauged, one raingauge for each subwatershed may be installed as for taking more details. Further studies to determine rain gauge density for larger areas than 370 hectares are required to be conducted under local condition.- Runoff Estimates Based on Rainfall-retention Relationship
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 96, No 2 (1970), Pagination: 127-134Abstract
no abstract- Correlation of Soil Loss with Various Energy Intensity Products
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 96, No 10 (1970), Pagination: 771-774Abstract
no abstract- Comparison of Performance of Inexpensive Raingages of Different Diameters
Authors
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 97, No 4 (1971), Pagination: 216-219Abstract
Results of study conducted to find suitable raingages have shown that the cylinder having diameter of 7.5 to 12.5 cm record comparable data with standard raingage when installed at any height varying from 30 to 90 cm. The use of diameter less than 7.5 cm is not desirable as they record considerable high rainfall.For use of extension departmepts and also where research requires large scale use of raingages, the inexpensive raingages can be constructed by using ordinary G.I. sheet Cylinder or G.I. pipe of diameter between 7.5 to 12.5 cm The depth of rainfall can be directly measured by observing the water accumulated depth in the cylinder. The cost involved in these types of raingages may vary (depending on the material used) from Rs. 5/- to Rs. 20/- per raingage.
- Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) Preserve Muscle Strength in Critically ill Patients- A Pilot Study
Authors
1 Singhania University, Pacheri, Rajasthan, IN
2 Internal Medicine, Jaipur Golden Hospital, Rohini, New Delhi, IN
3 Neurologist, Jaipur Golden Hospital, Rohini, New Delhi, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy-An International Journal, Vol 7, No 3 (2013), Pagination: 71-75Abstract
Introduction: Weakness that is acquired during hospitalization for critical illness is increasingly recognized as common and important clinical problem. Weakness acquired in the intensive care unit (ICU) and related acquired neuromuscular dysfunction occur in a large percentage of critically ill patients and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality.Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effects of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) on strength of muscle groups stimulated in critically ill patients.
Method: 134 subjects were recruited among the patient admitted in multidisciplinary intensive care units and randomly divided in to control and EMS group. Patients unable to understand or speak English and or Hindi due to language barrier or cognitive impairment prior to admission, unable to independently transfer from bed to chair at baseline prior to hospital admission, Patient with known history of primary systemic neuromuscular disease, vascular events, organ transplant, intracranial process that is associated with localizing weakness, transferred from another ICU after >2 consecutive days of mechanical ventilation, amputation of lower extremities were excluded from study.
Results: EMS group patients achieved higher MRC scores than controls in knee extensors (left ≤ 0.018), (right P ≤ 0.038) and ankle dorsiflexors (left ≤ 0.04), (right P ? 0.05)
Conclusions: EMS has beneficial effects on the strength of critically ill patients mainly affecting muscle groups stimulated, it can be considered as a potential effective means of muscle strength preservation and early mobilization in this patient population.
Keywords
Electrical Muscle Stimulation, Muscle Strength, CIPNM, CIM, ICU-AWReferences
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