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Dhillon, R. S.
- Floral Biology and Breeding Behaviour in Karanj (Pongamia pinnata L. Pierre)
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Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 5 (2009), Pagination: 618-628Abstract
Studies on reproductive biology and breeding behaviour in karanj (Pongamia pinnata) indicated that the initiation of buds appeared along with new foliage during first half of April. Inflorescence was a raceme or panicle with 43-88 floral buds which took 13-16 days to bloom. Anthesis was acropetally. Above 70 percent buds opened between 0630 to 0830 hrs. Hermaphrodite flowers began to close at 1730 hrs onwards and closed completely by 1900 hrs of the same day. Peak flowering was from 13 to 21 days. Pod setting and development was maximum from June to August. Complete development and maturity took some 323-344 days. The dehiscence of anther started 2-3 h prior to anthesis and stigma receptivity was approximately one hour after dehiscence and continued till 1500 hrs. Honeybees, wasps and thrips were the major pollinators. Since there was no pod setting under selfing bags and open pollination was considerably low (9.6 to 40 per cent), the species appears predominantly cross fertilizing.Keywords
Pongamia pinnata L. Pierre (Karanj), Floral Biology, Breeding Behaviour- Genetic Divergence Studies in Plus Trees of Pongamia pinnata (Karanj)
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Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 8 (2009), Pagination: 1069-1080Abstract
Thirty plus trees of Pongamia pinnata (Karanj) were selected and their progeny was tested in the nursery. Substantial variability was recorded in seed morphological and biochemical traits of selected plus trees. Significant variation was observed in progenies for germination percentage, shoot and ischolar_main length, collar diameter and seedling biomass. Heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean were also moderate to high for 100 seed weight, oil and protein contents, collar diameter, ischolar_main and shoot length indicating the effectiveness in selection for these characters for developing productive trees. Genetic diversity among these plus trees for important seed and seedling traits using Mahalanobis' D2 analysis showed grouping of these trees into eight clusters. The clustering pattern indicated that geographical diversity did not have one to one relationship with genetic diversity. Cluster VI was the largest and consisted of seven trees followed by Clusters I and IV with six trees each. Cluster III had only one tree. Intra cluster D2 values revealed that cluster VIII was most diverse (5.423) followed by cluster IV (4.131), V (4.081), I (3.915) and cluster II (3.831). Maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters III and VIII (9.922) followed by between cluster V and VIII (7.085), cluster IV and VIII (6.738) and cluster III and V (6.722)). On the basis of high cluster mean and wide genetic distance, the superior plus trees of cluster III (PT- 19) and cluster V (PT- 8, PT-18. PT-24) may be used as potential parents for P. pinnata tree improvement programme.Keywords
Pongamia pinnata (Karanj), Genetic Divergence Studies, Plus Trees- Albino Mutants in Azadirachta Indica (neem), Pongamia Pinnata (karanj) and Simmondsia Chinensis (jojoba)
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Indian Forester, Vol 135, No 9 (2009), Pagination: 1287-1290Abstract
No abstract- Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Jatropha Curcas (L.) Germplasm from India Using Rapd Markers
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Indian Forester, Vol 138, No 6 (2012), Pagination: 491-497Abstract
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity among populations of Jatropha curcas (L.) from different agro-climatic regions of India. Out of 305 amplified bands obtained with 30 primers, 291 were found polymorphic. The polymorphisms were scored and used in band-sharing analysis to identify genetic relationship. Evaluated accessions were grouped into two main clusters except MP-020 from Ratlam (Madhya Pradesh) was out crouped from rest of accessions at a similarity coefficient of 0.50. Based on Jaccard's coefficient of similarity values, the maximum similarity was found between accessions MP-022 and MP-031 (0.95). Molecular diversity among the accessions was low at a level of 30 per cent, indicating the need of widening the genetic base of J.curcas through various means.Keywords
Jatropha curcas, accessions, RAPD, genetic diversity- Doubling Farmers’ Income through Populus deltoides-based Agroforestry Systems in Northwestern India:An Economic Analysis
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Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi 285 003, IN
2 Department of Forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, IN
1 ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi 285 003, IN
2 Department of Forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 117, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 219-226Abstract
There is widespread use of poplar in pulp and paper, match splints, pencil and plywood industries, in northern India. The practice of closer spacing geometry with compact block in poplar cultivation does not permit intercropping from the third year onwards, which discourages small landholders. In 2008, poplar was planted at the Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India in three spacing geometries of 5 × 4 m, 10 × 2 m and 18 × 2 × 2 m (paired row) at a constant density of 500 trees ha–1. In the present study, two cropping rotations (sorghum– berseem and cowpea–wheat) were intercropped in all three spacing geometries of poplar (up to eight years of rotation), and compared with sole cropping as a control. The results showed that yield of annual crops reduced considerably over the years due to enhancing competition for light, moisture and nutrients. The overall yields of annual crops in various spacing geometries of poplar were reduced by 5.67% in the second year to 45.59% in eight years of plantation. The study resulted in 10 × 2 m spacing of poplar with sorghum– berseem crop rotation exhibiting the highest net returns (Rs 1,191,241 ha–1), NPV @ 12% discounting (Rs 409,673 ha–1), B : C ratio (1 : 2.22), IRR (70%), highest land equivalent ratio (2.28) and land expectation value (Rs 2,242,372 ha–1). In the study, LER and LEV calculated to increase the efficiency and adoptability of agroforestry systems. Therefore, on the basis of economics, the present study concludes that the intercropping of sorghum–berseem and cowpea– wheat in poplar planted at a spacing of 10 × 2 m is more profitable and helpful in doubling farmers’ income over traditional agriculture in northwestern India.Keywords
Agroforestry, Economics, Intercropping, Land Equivalent Ratio, Poplar.References
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- Singh, R., Singh, C., Gulati, A. and Kujur, S., Current status of poplar based agroforestry for economic development: a case study of Haridwar and Yamunanagar districts. Indian For., 2016, 142, 487–492.
- Singh, M., Sridhar, K. B., Dhiraj Kumar, Uthappa, A. R., Dwivedi, R. P., Inder Dev and Rizvi, R. H., Doubling farmers’ income through agroforestry in north-western India: a policy perspective. Indian J. Agrofor., 2017, 19, 90–95.
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- Productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soil fertility with poplar (Populus deltoides) agroforestry system in the semi-arid ecosystem of Haryana, India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, IN
2 ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati 413 115, IN
3 ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi 284 003, IN
1 Department of Forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, IN
2 ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati 413 115, IN
3 ICAR-Central Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi 284 003, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 122, No 9 (2022), Pagination: 1072-1080Abstract
The diverse and multi-component nature of traditional agroforestry systems (AFS) provides them a unique edge over monoculture cropping, particularly in arid and semi-arid ecosystems due to their role in providing several ecosystem services (ES) in addition to their prime role in agricultural production. Appropriate selection of components and their management practices results in reduced competition for resources among the components and maximum capitalization of the interactions. Poplar-based AFS adopted in a big way by farmers in the Indo-Gangetic region of India has improved their economic status due to its high industrial value. The present study discusses the effect Populus deltoides as windbreak on yield of wheat as intercrop and soil nutrient status. We considered winter wheat varieties (WH-1105, WH-542, HD-2967, HD-943 and DPW-621-50) during two consecutive years (2013–15) delimited by a row of poplar trees in the east–west and north–south directions. Whereas effects on crop produce were limited for all wheat varieties with increasing distance from the tree line, considerable yield reductions were found near the tree line (treatments T1 and T2) for all the wheat varieties. The highest available soil N (365.2 kg ha–1), P (19.7 kg ha–1) and K (357.3 kg ha–1) were recorded near the tree line at a distance of 2 m. To optimize the provisioning service of poplar windbreak AFS, the cultivation of highly shade-tolerant wheat variety HD-2967 may be advisable over other varieties towards the end of the rotation of mature poplar trees.Keywords
Agroforestry, crop growth and yield, Populus deltoides, tree-based intercropping, wheat.References
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