Informatics Publishing Limited

Sudha Katyal ¹, Narinder Singh ¹, Jaskirat Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Govt. Home Science College, Chandigarh, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The aim of research investigation was to study marital adjustment and life stress as related to family environment of married female customer care executives working in call centres. The study was conducted on 100 married female customer care executives between the age of age group of 25-30 years, randomly selected from different call centers in Chandigarh and Panchkula city. Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (Kumar&Rohtagi, 1976) was used for determining the marital adjustment; Family Environment Scale (Vohra, 1997) was used for assessing the different dimensions of family environment and Life Stress Questionnaire was developed by the investigator in order to assess the level of stress in the married female customer care executives. Pearson's coefficient of correlation and multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the obtained date. The findings reveled that marital adjustment had highly significant positive correlation with the various dimensions of family environment and there was also significant negative correlation between life stress and various dimensions of family environment. Furthermore, multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that cohesion and recreational orientation of the family environment had revealed significant positive prediction for the marital adjustment scores. The findings have pointed towards the role of positive family environment for dealing with dual responsibilities and maintain harmonious adjustment at home for married female customer care executives

Keywords

marital adjustment, life stress, family environment, female executives

Full Text

     

Sudha Katyal ¹, Narinder Singh ¹, Swati Goel ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Relations, Govt. Home Science College, Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

The aim of the present research investigation was to explore the perception of problems among adolescents studying in government and public schools. The sample of 100 (N=100) students with equal number of males and females studying in class twelfth was randomly selected from government (n=50) and public schools (n=50). For identifying the perception of adolescents regarding their problems, a standardized Student Problems Inventory developed by Badami (1977) was used. In order to analyze the data, t-test was applied. Results depicted that significant difference existed between the mean scores of perception of problems of Govt. and Public school adolescents with regard to area of economic and material facilities (t=2.261, p<. 05). Highly significant difference was also revealed in the mean scores of perception of problems of Govt. and Public school adolescents with regard to vocational area (t=2.686, p<.01). The findings suggest that in the above two areas, public school adolescents perceived more problems as compared to their counterparts studying in govt. schools.

Keywords

Perceived Problems, Vocational Problems, Economic Problems, Material Needs.

Full Text

     

Narinder Singh ¹, Ashok K. Goel ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, GZS Campus CET, Bathinda 151001, IN

Abstract

In this paper, the Four Wave Mixing (FWM) effect on sixteen channels Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) optical communication system has been compared for different values of channel spacing. The effect of variation in input power of laser array has also been investigated. The effect of dispersion has also being considered in the optical spam of fiber and pre-dispersion compensation technique has been employed to mitigate its effect. The performance of optical communication system has been evaluated in terms of Q-factor, Bit Error Rate (BER) and output from the Optical Spectrum Analyzer. This paper simulates that the FWM effect decreases as the channel spacing increases.

Keywords

Return to Zero (RZ), Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM), Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), Four Wave Mixing (FWM) and Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF).

Full Text

   

Aakashdeep Sharma ¹, Narinder Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Government College for Girls, Sector- 42, Police Administration, Chandigarh, IN
2 Centre for Police Administration Panjab University, Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

A new form of cyber crime which has emerged in the modem age is 'Cyber Terrorism'. The concept of cyber terrorism comes from two elements: cyber space and terrorism. The word 'cyber' signifies a form of information technology, the internet etc. The Federal Bureau of Investigation has offered the following working definition, "Cyber terrorism is the premeditated,politically motivated attack against information, computer systems, computer programs, and data which result in violence against non combatant targets by sub national groups or clandestine agents". Terrorists may be classified as cyber terrorists whether they solely rely on cyber terrorism to farther their cause, or whether they use cyber terrorism in addition to other more conventional forms of terrorism. Cyber terrorism is more of a threat today than ever before due to several factors. First, the tragic events of September 11, 2001, have proven that there are terrorist groups who have the sophistication and brazenness to attack the United States within its own borders. Second, almost every facet of human life, including financial institutions, production facilities, and government functions, has become increasingly dependent on computer technology. Third, the economy is increasingly dependent on electronic transactions, which are vulnerable to a cyber terrorist attack.

Keywords

Cyber Terrorism, Government, Cyber Law.

Full Text

     

Beant Kaur Billing ¹, Narinder Singh ², Prabhat K. Agnihotri ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Mechanical, Materials and Energy Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar – 140001, Punjab, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar – 140001, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The main motive behind proposed work is to enhance the solubility of CNTs in aqueous medium and in various other solvents. Purification and functionalization helped in accomplishing aforementioned task. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Initially, CNTs were grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition method. Nickel metal catalyst solution was prepared and loaded onto SiO2 wafer, which is kept in vacuum assisted quartz tube. Acetylene was used as a hydrocarbon source and at 750 oC it decomposes at nickel metal surface resulting in growth of Carbon Nanotubes. Several characterizations such as SEM, EDX, XRD and FTIR were performed for confirmation of CVD grown CNTs. SEM confirms the formation of tubular structure i.e. carbon nanotube and EDX illustrates the presence of carbon and metal catalytic impurities. Findings: Such impurities restrict their use in physical, chemical, biological and environmental systems, thus purification is required. Among all purification methods, acid treatment suits best for removal of metallic impurities. An acid mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3 in ratio of 3:1 was utilized to remove the impurities present. These acid purified CNTs now contain carboxylic acid groups attached over defects, sidewalls and at ends. However another major shortcoming of CNTs is their insolubility in various liquids and polymers. Improvements: Therefore, to improve the solubility and to allow bonding with polymer matrix, amide functionalization was carried out. By the effect of thionyl chloride, the -OH bond was replaced by –Cl group, which was further replaced by -NH moiety. Characterizations were carried out at each step of CNT processing. Moreover, these functionalized CNTs encourages us to extend the present work to quantify the effect of as grown and f-CNT on the average static and dynamic mechanical properties of CNT/epoxy nanocomposites in future.

Keywords

Carbon Nanotube, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Functionalization, Growth, Purification

Full Text