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Charan Singh , M. C. Agarwal , Nirmal Kumar , D. N. Puri

Abstract

The leaf production from Morus alba L. tree is fully appreciated in the hill region for rearing silkworm. The leaf can be obtained through various management practice. Since sporadic information is available on the production of leaves under various management practices which is required for optimum sustainable production without damaging the growth of the trees, studies on Morus alba were conducted to establish a suitable prediction model of leaf and total branch wood yield under three different management practices i.e. coppicing, pollarding and lopping on bouldery riverbed soils of Doon valley. The studies showed that the third degree polynomial was found to be most suitable prediction for leaf and total branch wood in all the three management practices. The leaf production was maximum under pollarding management practice while total branch wood yield was maximum under coppicing.

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Y. Agnihotri , M. C. Agarwal , Nirmal Kumar

Abstract

The efficiency of various Latin Square Designs (LSD) relative to the Complete Randomised Designs (CRD) and Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) for various sizes and shapes of plots with height and diameter at breast height (D.B.H.) of Eucalyptus in Shiwalik hills were worked out. The relative efficiency (percentage) of 3 × 3, 4 × 4,5 × 5 and 6 × 6 LSD for different plot sizes and shapes compared with CRD and RCBD when rows are treated as blocks (ignoring columns) and when columns are treated as blocks (ignoring rows) have been computed. The number of units required in CRD and RCBD taking rows as blocks or columns as blocks for obtaining the relative efficiency equivalent to that of3 × 3 to 6 × 6 LSD were also evaluated and it was found that LSD was more efficient than CRD and RCBD for experimentation with Eucalyptus trees height and D.B.H. in Shiwalik hills.

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Charan Singh , M. K. Vishwanatham , Nirmal Kumar , M. C. Agarwal

Abstract

Quercus leucotrichophora (Ban Oak), is a most suitable tree species for protective and productive purpose in the degraded lands of higher altitude of North-West Himalayan region. An attempt has been made to explore the possibility of its growing in the lower altitude i.e. in the degraded lands of Doon Valley so that its large scale plantation can be taken up where soil and water conservation measures are to be carried out on priority basis. On the basis of survival, height, collar diameter and diameter at breast height performance from 1986 to 1994, it is possible to grow it on degraded lands of Doon Valley. Moreover, its growth performance in degraded lands are quite encohraging. The regression equations between plant age with individual growth character (i.e. height or collar diameter or diameter at breast height) were also estimated.

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P. C. Tyagi , M. C. Agarwal , Nirmal Kumar

Abstract

Statistical computation on seed traits and germination of the provenances revealed the existence of genetic variability. The correlation between different pairs of characters were determined and observed highly significant. The multiple regression equation using step-down regression techriique revealed that the seed length and lOO-seed weight might be used as the predictors of germination in Grewia optiva.

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R. K. Gupta , M. C. Agarwal , Nirmal Kumar

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Studies on plantation of Leucaena leucocephala were conducted to establish linear prediction ,model of leaf/wood under three different spacings i.e O.5m × O.5m, 0.5 × 1.0m and O.5m × t.5m on degraded riverbed soils of Dehradun. The studies showed that the prediction model of leaf/wood yield with all the three variables was the most reliable model in all the three spacings. The next best reliable linear prediction model ofleaf/wood yield was with two variables, One as height and another either basal diameter or DBH as predictors in all the three spacings.

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R. K. Gupta , M. C. Agarwal , Nirmal Kumar

Abstract

The forage potential from Bauhinia purpurea tree bas been fully appreciated in the hill region. Tree lopping for green fodder is resorted without information on scientific lopping management practice i.e. intensity and periodicity of lopping, which is required for optimum sustainable production without damaging the trees. Studies on Bauhinia purpurea planted on field boundary at DehraDun were conducted to compare the effect of two lopping intensities (i.e. 50 to 75 percent) with no lopping on growth of trees and production of fodder on sustained basis. The studies clearly indicated that 50 to 75 percent lopping of Bauhinia purpurea L. trees once in a year do not adversely affect the tree growth. The relationship between leaf yield with growth parameters were also developed.

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Y. Agnihotri , M. C. Agarwal

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An uniformity trial for determination of optimum size and shape of plots and blocks was conducted on 8 years old plants of Acacia catechu (spacing 2m × 2m) at the Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Research Centre, Chandigarh. Height and GBH data of all the individual plants were recorded in 24 × 24 compartment and analysed for determination of optimum plot and block sizes for conducting field experiments. A plot of size 8-12 plants appears to be optimum. Smith equations fitted well in the CV and plot size data and indicated the neighboring plots to be uncorrelated. For a fixed size of plot, its shape did not indicate any consistent effect on CV. In general, blocks were found to be more efficient than without blocking arrangement.

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Y. Agnihotri , M. C. Agarwal

Abstract

Investigations on the optimum size and shape of plots and their arrangement in blocks have been made with Dalbergia sissoo (Roxb.) at the Research Farm of the Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Research Centre, Chandigarh situated in lower Ambala ShiwaIik foothills. Height and diameter (bh) observations of all the individual trees spaced at 2m × 2m in 24 trees × 24 trees compartment were recorded. Coefficient of variation (CV) of different sizes and shapes of plots and blocks were worked out and used for determination of optimum size and shape of plots and blocks. A plot having 8-12 trees was considered to be optimum size. Blocks in general, were found to be more efficient tban without blocking arrangements. Bigger blocks were less efficient than small blocks.

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R. K. Gupta , M. C. Agarwal , Nirmal Kumar

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Eulaliopsis binata (Retz.) Rubb. a potential industrial grass is recommended for soil formation, preventing erosion and facilitating utilization of eroded dry bouldery in North-West India. The potential of the standing grass was computed through various additive and multiplicative regression models between green or air-dry yield and various growth attributes (plant height, clump diameter and number of tillers) by taking one, two or all the three attributes together. From this study, it was concluded that the prediction of green or air-dry yield can be made precisely through multiplicative model having two growth attributes (viz. plant height and number of tillers) particularly on bouldery riverbed of Doon Valley.

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R. K. Gupta , M. C. Agarwal , Hira Lal

Abstract

Tree provide nutritious fodder for live-stock during periods of scarce forage in the Himalayas. The leaf fodder of some trees is almost as nutritious as that of leguminous crop. The forage potential from trees is appreciated by people living in billy areas of the Himalayas. The fodder yield from a tree is presenlly estimated after harvesting (or cutting or chopping down) the trees. Therefore, an attempt has been made to establish a relalionship of the forage yield of thirteen tree species, of indeterminate age, by developing suitable prediction model using the d.b.h. (diameter at breast height) or crown diameters as predictors. The studies indicate that the quadratic prediction mode of leaf (branch yield with two variables (d.b.h. and crown diameter) were suitable perdictors of leaf/branch yield in all thirteen species studied.

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M. C. Prajapati , A. B. Phadke , M. C. Agarwal , H. M. Gidwani

Abstract

An experiement to evolve a suitable technique of soil working. i.e., depth and mode of refilling of trenches for raising plantations of Acacia nilotica Ssp indica (Syn. A. arabica) by direct seeding in ravine lands was carried out at the Soil Conservation Centre, Chhalesar (Agra) from 1961 to 1965. The treatment of depth of trench, in the initial stage, did not affect the seedling mortality, height and collar diameter but it significantly affected these characters from the fourth year onwards. The trenches 61.0 cm in depth (D₂) proved superior to 45.7 cm (D₁) and 76.2 cm (D₃) deep trenches. The seedling mortality decreased while the growth-in-height and collar diameter increased with the increase in the water storage capacity of the trench as influenced by the type of refilling of trenches. Refillings in the form of Ridge-Ditch (F₁) and Raised-Mound (F₂) were not found to be suitable for the locality, whereas Sunken-Mound (F₃) gave better performances. The Double-Trench (F₄) system, compared to the other three treatments of refilling of trenches, impounded maximum quantity of water, retained it for 3 to 4 days thereby increased the availability of soil moisture to the seedlings during dry spell and thus exhibited minimum seedling mortality and maximum seedling height and collar diameter growth. Further, this technique is simple to practise and does not require subsequent maintenance. At the end of fourth year the interaction of D₂ × F₄ was found to be better closely followed by D₂ × F₁. The cost for "F₄," as against of "F_l" "F₂" and "_F3" were found to be in the ratio of 4 :8. It is concluded that under the climatic, edaphic and topographic conditions such as those of Jamuna ravines, the type of refilling is more important compared to the depth of the trench for successful seedling establishment and better growth.

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M. C. Prajapati , A. B. Phadke , M. C. Agarwal

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An experiment to select suitable grass species for protection of the bunds of newly formed terraces in Jamuna ravines, was conducted at Research Station, Chhalesar (Agra) from 1960 to 1964. Of the eleven grass species studied, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. with statistically significant supreme ischolar_main and shoot characteristics afforded excellent protection to the terrace bunds against water erosion. This was followed by Dichanthium annulatum (Forsk) Stapf., Panicum antidotale Retz., Panicum repens Linn., Cenehrus ciliaris Linn., Panicum maximum Jacq., Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst) Stapf., Chrysopogon fulvus (Spreng) Chiov., Pennisetum purpureum Schum., Cynodon plectostanchyus (K.Schum) Pilger., and Brachiaria mutica (Forsk) Stapf., in order of merit. Pennisetum purpureum Schum., recorded highest yield per hectare as well as the highest preference in palatability test. The rat-damage as minimum to those bunds which were protected with Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

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