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T. Thilagavathi ¹, S. Kanchana ¹, P. Banumathi ¹, G. Hemalatha ¹, C. Vanniarajan ², M. Sundar ³, M. Ilamaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Home Science College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The physico-chemical and functional properties of selected millets (viz., kodo millet, little millet, proso millet and pearl millet) and pulses (viz., horse gram and soybean) were studied. Millets are good sources of energy, protein, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, dietary fibre and polyphenols. Thousand grain weights of the selected millets was found to be high in pearl millet (11.39 g/100g) compared to kodo millet, proso millet and little millet (2.45, 2.43 and 2.23 g/100g, respectively) and in pulses the highest and lowest values were observed in soybean (146.03 g/100g) and horse gram (34.25 g/100g) respectively. Bulk density of millets and pulses was recorded to be high in pearl millet (1.75) and soybean (1.96) when compared to the other grains. Water absorption index was high in wheat flour (9.10%) while the water solubility index was high in pearl millet flour (9.62%) respectively. The protein content was maximum in proso millet (12.86 g/100g) and soybean (42.72 g/100g) followed by pearl millet, kodo millet, little millet and horse gram. Fat content was low in all the millets and it was maximum in soybean (18.80 g/100g). Among the four millets the fiber and ash contents were high in kodo millet followed by little, pearl and proso millet. Also higher levels of calcium, iron and phosphorus were observed in millets and pulses.

Keywords

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N. Vairam ¹, S. Anandhi Lavanya ¹, M. Muthamilan ², C. Vanniarajan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute (T.N.A.U.), Madurai (T.N.), IN
2 Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College and Research Institute (T.N.A.U.), Madurai (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is a cheap source of dietary protein for the poor, with high levels of folate and iron compared with many other legumes. Mungbean yellow mosaic virus is also one of the destructive viral disease affecting yield potential of greengram both quantitatively and qualitatively. Induced mutations, have offered a single and short alternative to conventional breeding including isolation, screening, selection and testing generation after generation. An investigation was carried out in two mungbean genotypes viz., CO (Gg) 7 and NM 65 treated by two mutagens viz., gamma rays at the doses of 300, 400 and 500 Gy and EMS treatments of 10, 20 and 30 mM. The trial was conducted in the research farm of Agricultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Madurai during Kharif season 2013. The M₂ generation was raised as individual M₁ plant basis. The treated and control populations of M₂ generation were carefully screened for pod shattering resistance. The yellow vein mosaic virus disease (YMV) incidence was recorded for all the plants in M₃ generation for the selected 22 mutants. Based on field scoring, the mutants viz., M₅, M₁₈, M₂₆, M₄₆, M₅₄, M₅₈, M₇₀, M₇₁, M₉₂ and M₉₈ were identified as yellow vein mosaic virus resistant mutants. The mutants which showed field resistance were checked for YMV resistant gene using the gene specific primer ISSR811. Five mutants confirmed with marker studies. These resistant mutants have been forwarded to next generation for further yield performance.

Keywords

Mungbean, Induced Mutation, Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus, Scoring, Mutants, Marker.

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C. Vanniarajan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Cotton Research Station, T.N.A.U., Srivilliputtur (T.N.), IN

Abstract

Exploitation of hybrid vigour is one of the potential avenues for quantum jump in the grain yield of crop plants. The identification of genetic male sterility and the presence of a considerable degree of natural outcrossing have made it possible to exploit non-additive genetic variation through economical production of heterotic hybrids in pigeonpea. It is commonly observed that the performance of different genotypes varies in different environments. The occurrence of genotype×environment interactions has provided a major challenge in obtaining a complete understanding of genetic control of variability. The study of genotype-environment interaction in biometrical aspects is thus important from the genetical and evolutionary point of view. In the present study, the phenotypic stability of 13 parents and 40 hybrids has been assessed and the stability performance of different characters in pigeonpea is computed.

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