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Afzal Ahmad ¹, Upasana ², Guru Prem ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Teple, Ambala (HARYANA), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Teple, Ambala (HARYANA), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Engineering, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Teple, Ambala (HARYANA), IN

Abstract

No Abstract

Keywords

Frontline Demonstration, Sunflower Production Technologies, Micronutrients, Broadcasting Method, Average Yield

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Guru Prem ¹, Afzal Ahmad ¹, Upasana Singh ¹, Ramesh Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ambala Haryana, IN

Abstract

No Abstract

Keywords

Direct Seeded Rice, Seed Treatment, Depth Of Sowing, Varieties And Irrigation, Nutrient And Weed Management

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Afzal Ahmad ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

An investigation was carried out to study the effect of irrigation schedules and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes on yield, consumptive use of water, soil moisture depletion pattern and water use efficiency at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka) in the year 2001-02. The design of the experiment was split plot with three replications. The wheat crop irrigated six times (I₇ irrigation schedule) recorded significantly highest grain yield (2669 kg ha-1) compared to other irrigation schedules. Among the wheat genotypes, DWR-1006 (durum wheat) recorded significantly higher yield (2390 kg ha^-1) as compared to DWR-162 (aestivum wheat). The maximum consumptive use (485.5 mm) was found with frequently irrigated treatment (I₇) while the least consumptive use was registered with I₁ irrigation schedule. Similarly, among the different wheat genotypes, DWR-1006 showed higher consumptive use of water (335.1 mm). The maximum water use efficiency was found with I₂ irrigation schedule and with DWR-162. Wheat is a surface feeder, the maximum amount of moisture was depleted in shallow depth than deeper layer of soil.

Keywords

Water Use Efficiency, Consumptive Use, Soil Moisture, Depletion Pattern, Irrigation Schedule, Wheat Genotypes.

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Devender Chahal ¹, Afzal Ahmad ², J. N. Bhatia ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Horticulture, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ambala (Haryana), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tepla, Ambala (Haryana), IN
3 Department of Plant Protection, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ambala (Haryana), IN

Abstract

In North-Western Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP), Poplar based horti-Agro-Forestry models have been adopted by the farmers. The farmers grow poplar due to its fast growing habit, short duration, compatibility with the different crops, eco-friendly and multi-purpose uses in different industries. Poplar is a deciduous tree and very suitable for horti-agro-forestry system. It has no shading effect on various crops rather adds to soil fertility through its leaf litter. Wheat, oat, sorghum, maize, sugarcane, berseem, turmeric, ginger and potato can easily be grown as inter crops. The results obtained during the course of rotation of six years study (from December 2000 to December 2006) revealed that yield of all the inter sown crops decreased appreciably after two to three years of poplar plantation but this yield loss often compensated by the sale of poplar wood at the end of the rotation. The results of this six year study at KVK farm revealed that in case of poplar plantation the maximum girth size (29.73 inch) was obtained with T₁ (Poplar + Sugarcane) followed by T₂ (Poplar + Turmeric) where the girth size was 28.66 inch, and the minimum girth size (25.06 inch) was with T₅ (Poplar alone). Similarly the maximum timber wood (115.37 t/ha) was also obtained with T₁ followed by T₂ (100.46 t/ha) and the minimum timber wood (54.68 t/ha) was obtained with T₄ (Poplar + Rainfed Wheat/Lentil). Economic analysis showed that the highest net income (Rs.64,355 /ha/annum) was obtained with T₁ followed by T₂ (Rs.59,543 /ha/annum) and the lowest net income (Rs.18,719 /ha/annum) was obtained with T₄ followed by T₅ (Rs.20188 ha/annum), where as on the basis of cost of cultivation, the average net return from paddy-wheat rotation which is generally followed in this region was about Rs.22970 /ha/annum during that period. Hence, the poplar based two-tier cropping system is more economical than the monocropping of agricultural crops and to be a very good alternative to paddy-wheat rotation in Indo-Gangetic plains.

Keywords

Girth Size, Timber Wood, Net Return.

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Afzal Ahmad ¹, Ramesh Kumar ², Guru Prem ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tepla, Ambala (Haryana), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Extension, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tepla, Ambala (Haryana), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Engineering, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tepla, Ambala (Haryana), IN

Abstract

Lentil is an important pulse crop of Haryana. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Tepla, Ambala conducted 28 frontline demonstrations in different villages on lentil. The results were compared with full package of practices viz., improved variety, seed treatment, seed inoculation, recommended dose of fertilizer, use of SSP fertilizer and plant protection management etc. and farmer practices included local or old variety, no seed treatment, no seed inoculation and imbalance and wrong choice of fertilizer. The FLD on lentil registered 24.51 per cent higher yield over farmers practice on an average. The highest yield (13.75 qt/ha) was recorded in the year 2009-2010 in FLD, which was 23.64 per cent more over the farmers practice (10.50 qt/ha). Average extension gap was recorded 2.09 qt/ha. and average technology index was recorded 28.49 per cent. The technology gap ranged from 1.75 qt/ha. to 8.75 qt/ha. On an average, technology gap was 4.05 qt/ha.

Keywords

Lentil, Frontline Demonstration, Extension Gap, Technology Gap.

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Afzal Ahmad ¹, Ramesh Kumar ², Guru Prem ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tepla, Ambala (Haryana), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Extension, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tepla, Ambala (Haryana), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Engineering, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tepla, Ambala (Haryana), IN

Abstract

Among the different transfer of technologies, Front line demonstration (FLD) is one of the most powerful tools to disseminate the latest technologies or crop varieties to the farmers through Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs'). Keeping in view of an effective extension approach of FLDs for dissemination of summer mungbean technology, FLDs on mungbean were conducted in different villages of Ambala district in Haryana state during 2006 to 2011 at farmers' fields. Rice-wheat cropping system is prevalent in the Indo-Gangetic plains for the last three or more decades. The continuous dominance of rice-wheat cropping sequence in irrigated agro-ecosystem particularly in Punjab and Haryana has resulted in many types of agro-ecological problems viz., depleting status of soil physical, chemical and biological health, herbicide resistant in wheat, excessive use of water resources and over exploitation of underground water. The practice of cultivation of summer rice has further worsened the situation. The burning of combine-harvested residues of both rice and wheat has altered the biological properties of soil resulting in decrease of nutrient use efficiency and decrease of organic matter. The all-apparent consequences of this cropping system are reflected in either stagnating or decreasing productivity of rice and wheat crops. There is great scope of judicious utilization of fields vacated by wheat before transplanting of rice during summer. The summer mungbean can be easily infused in rice-wheat cropping sequence.

Keywords

Front Line, Demonstration, Pulse, Mungbean, Average Yield, Net Returns.

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Guru Prem ¹, Ramesh Kumar ¹, Vikram D. Singh ¹, Amit Kumar ¹, Rakesh Choudhary ¹, Afzal Ahmad ²

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ambala (Haryana), IN
2 Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN

Abstract

An experiment was conducted at farm of Krishi Vigyan Kendra-Ambala to assess the impact of different planting methods of sugarcane i.e. planting methods viz., T₁-conventional planting (60 cm row spacing), T₂-paired row trench plantation method (60:120 cm spacing) and T₃-paired row ridge and furrow plantation method (100:120 cm spacing) on cane yield, water productivity and economics. The cane yield in conventional planting (T₁) was 77.53 t ha^-1, 82.50 t ha^-1 in paired row trench plantation technique (T₂), and 86.20 t ha^-1 in paired row ridge and furrow plantation technique (T₃), which was significantly higher in T₃ than in (T₁) and (T₂). The water productivity was 2.82 in T₁, 3.37 in T₂ and 3.79 in T₃, respectively. The gross return in farmer practice, paired row trench and modified paired row plantation method was 175150.00 Rs. ha^-1, 186450 and 194812 Rs. ha^-1, respectively. Simultaneously, the BCR was high in paired row trench plantation (2.70) and paired row ridge and furrow plantation method (2.90) than 2.30 in conventional planting.

Keywords

Sugarcane Planting Methods, Yield, Water Productivity, Economics.

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Guru Prem ¹, Afzal Ahmad ², Vikram D. Singh ¹, Amit Kumar ¹, Rakesh Choudhary ¹, Ramesh Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ambala (Haryana), IN
2 Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted at the farmers field of Ambala during year 2014 and 2015 to assess the growth and yield of summer mungbean in different sowing methods viz., (T₁) conventional tillage and broadcasting sowing method, (T₂) conventional tillage and line sowing and (T₃) zero tillage and line sowing. The line sowing and zero tillage sowing methods recorded higher plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and test weight during both the years. Sowing methods significantly affected the various growth parameter of summer mungbean crop. The seed yield under CT-line sowing and ZT-sowing was significantly 15 to 20 per cent higher than CT-broadcasting sowing method in the first year. During second year of the study, it was also significantly 14-19 per cent higher than T₁-CT-broadcasting sowing method. Simultaneously, stover and biological yield (kg ha^-1) and harvest index (%) were also recorded better value in T₂ and T₃ than T₃. Due to the less cost of cultivation in ZT-sowing method, the B: C ratio was higher i.e. (2.16 and 2.18) as compared to (2.06 and 2.11) in CT-line sowing and (1.42 and 1.50) in CT-broadcasting during year 2014 and 2015, respectively.

Keywords

Summer Mungbean, Sowing Methods, Yield, Economics.

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Guru Prem ¹, Afzal Ahmad ², Vikram D. Singh ¹, Ramesh Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ambala (Haryana), IN
2 University Seed Form (PAU), Nabha (Punjab), IN

Abstract

Practicing farmers trainings were conducted in the then adopted village Landa in block of Barara of Ambala district in Haryana during 2012-13. During 2013-14 and 2014-15 these were conducted in village Spheda and Goli in the block of Ambala-II and Saha, respectively. The innovative farmers of the above villages were selected for conducting these demonstrations. The per cent reduction in weed population in the happy seeder sown crop over the farmer’s practice was 24.49, 27.19 and 21.88, respectively during the demonstration period. The average grain yield of wheat in percentage was 9.09, 8.89 and 9.68 higher in happy seeder sown fields as compared to the conventional sown fields. In general Rs. 2920 per hectare was saved in happy seeder fields over farmer’s practice for sowing of the fields. Due to reduced cost of cultivation and higher crop yield, the gross and net return was also higher in happy seeder as compared to the conventional sowing. The BCR was 3.74, 3.82 and 4.06 in happy seeder, which was higher than in conventional sowing 2.81, 2.85 and 3.01, respectively.

Keywords

Wheat Practicing Farmer Trainings, Happy Seeder, Yield, Economics.

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Asma Usmani ¹, Chavi Bhati ¹, Mayur Kaushik ², Afzal Ahmad ³

Affiliations
1 BDS, Final Year PG, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, IN
2 Prof. and Head Department of Periodontology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, IN
3 BDS, MDS (Prosthodontics), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IN

Abstract

The periodontium must be in a state of health for the effective functioning of normal dentition. Etiology of diseases related to periodontium may be iatrogenic i.e. those diseases that result from careless procedure done by a physician or a dentist. This article discusses iatrogenic factors affecting oral health.

Keywords

Iatrogenic, Periodontics, Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy, Surgical Periodontal Therapy

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