Rashtriya Krishi (English)

Vijay Kumar ¹, Ajay Kumar ², Brejesh Ajrabat ², Shalini Khajuria ²

Affiliations
1 Rainfed Research Sub-Station for Sub-Tropical Fruits, Raya (J & K), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (SKUAST-J), Kathua (J & K), IN

Abstract

The term "Organic" means living thing and farming with the philosophy of organic is to make production system living for long life. Organic agriculture/ horticulture are holistic approach for food production which promotes and enhances agro-ecosystem health including quality and healthy food. The use of chemical fertilizers efficiency of soil is going away to be deteriorating. Because little of knowledge of the farmers in using excess dose of fertilizer. To avoid such side effect of chemical fertilizers, use of organic sources of nutrients in integrated manner is today's need. Moreover, chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers also supply the all nutrient, without upsetting of soil health. Integrated Organic Nutrient Management involves suitable combination of organic manure, crop residues, N₂ fixing crops fitting to the system of land uses and natural, social and profitable conditions. Vermicompost, farmyard manure, green manure and biofertilizer should be useful every year to supply of the plant nutrients. Since of organic fertilizers microbial movement of soil increases, improves in soil structure, aggregate stability, water holding capacity, soil aeration and increase in organic matter in soil. Plant nutrients, soil nutrients, compost, soil amendments and crop residues, farmyard manure, biological nitrogen fixation, biofertilizers are the major component of INM.

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Vijay Kumar ¹, Rakesh Kumar ¹, V. B. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Rainfed Research Sub-Station for Sub-tropical Fruits (SKUAST-J), Raya (J & K), IN

Abstract

Branker (Adhatoda vasica) is important shrub in Kandi areas of Jammu region. It is used for two purposes first is used for medicine and second is used for traditional purpose. Branker plants are use to cure different diseases such as asthma, skin disease, chronic, bronchitis, cough, cold and tuberculosis. Branker leaves, bark, the ischolar_main bark, the fruit and flowers are useful in the removal of intestinal parasites. In the traditional purposes are used as traditional wisdom, food, mulching, cleaning teeth, fruit ripening, roofing of kaccha houses, cattle sheds, fuels and control soil erosion.

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Vijay Kumar ¹, V. B. Singh ¹, Rakesh Kumar ¹, Jagmohan Singh ¹, Ajay Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Rainfed Research Sub-Station for Sub-Tropical Fruits, Raya (J&K), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (SKUAST), Kathua (J&K), IN

Abstract

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), belong to family moraceae is a common and popular fruit crop of the low land tropics of eastern and southern parts of India. It is indigenous to India, commonly grown in Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Brazil, Jamaica, Mynamar, Singapore. In India; it grows in Assam, West Bengal, Tripura, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh Western Ghats and some parts of the Jammu and Kashmir. Due to shifting of the human population from one part to another part of the country now a day the demand of jack fruit is increasing day by day for vegetable purpose. Hence the orchards of jackfruit will be profitable for farming community of Jammu, Samba and Kathua districts for uplifting the livelihood security.

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Vijay Kumar ¹, Rohit Kumar Arora ², Ajay Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Rainfed Research Sub-Station for Sub-Tropical Fruits (SKUAST-J), Raya (J&K), IN
2 Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, (SKUAST-J) Chatha (J&K), IN
3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (SKUAST-J), Kathua (J&K), IN

Abstract

The management of degraded lands to improve farm income in Kandi (less water) areas is quite challenging due natural calamities. Under such brittle environment sustaining the livelihoods of these resources poor farmers become a real challenge both for technology developers as well as strategy makers.

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Ajay Kumar ¹, Brejesh Ajrabat ¹, Satbir Singh ¹, Vijay kumar ², Balbir Dhotra ³, Amitesh Sharma ³

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (SKUAST-J), Kathua (J&K), IN
2 Rainfed Research Sub-Station for Sub-tropical Fruits (SKUAST-J), Raya (J&K), IN
3 Organic Farming Research Centre (SKUAST-J), Chatha (J&K), IN

Abstract

Vermicompost is an organic manure (bio-fertilizer) produced as the vermicast by earth worm feeding on biological waste material; plant residues. Vermi casts are popularly called as ‘Black Gold’. This compost is an odorless, clean, organic material containing adequate quantities of N, P, K and several micronutrients essential for plant growth. The prime market for vermicompost is in agriculture and horticulture. Farmers are already using vermicompost in large quantities. Small and marginal farmers would do well to produce vermicompost on their own. Home gardens, kitchen gardens and commercial plant nurseries are an excellent market for vermicompost in urban areas. This enterprise offers tremendous scope for expansion in rural areas because it has the potential to engage small farmers and women who can easily set up such units at the household level. The enterprise is based on the conversion of waste matter into rich plant humus by using earthworms. No specific skill is required. It is a viable production oriented enterprise with tremendous scope for expansion in rural areas. Moreover, it will solve the employment problems of both literate and illiterate, especially women. In view of this, vermicomposting is an effective means of composting the decomposable organic wastes using earthworms naturally present in the soil. Its improves the physical and biological condition of soil, improves soil fertility and pulverizes it through their churning and turning action in addition to contributing plant nutrients, improves aeration and water holding capacity. It is the scope to small and marginal farmers in creating their own organic manure resources and ways to generate not only alternative income but maintain the soil health also. Vermicompost is a preferred nutrient source for organic farming, which enriches soil quality by improving its physicochemical and biological properties. It is ecofriendly, non-toxic, consumes low energy input for composting and is a recycled biological product. Vermicompost is becoming popular as a major component of organic farming system.

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Rakesh Kumar ¹, Neerja Sharma ², V. B. Singh ¹, Vijay Kumar ¹, Sanjay Khajuria ²

Affiliations
1 Rainfed Research Sub-station for Sub-tropical Fruits, Raya (SKUAST-J) Jammu (J&K), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Samba (SKUAST-J) Jammu (J&K), IN

Abstract

Benefits of red flush guava : Red flush guava (Psidium guajava L.), belongs to family Myrtaceae and its fruit type is berry. It is very tasty, energetic, richest sources of carotenoid. The edible portions of the fruit are Thalamus and pericarp. The common types of guava include apple guava, yellow-fruited cherry guava, strawberry guava, and red apple guava. Among the different type of guavas, red flush guava is one of most important fruit crops of tropics and subtropics region and most popular among the fruit growers community of India due to its unique flavour, taste, pink coloured pulp and numerous health-promoting qualities, the fruit easily fits in the new functional foods category, often called “super-fruits.” Pink guava, unlike white guava has a pink coloured sweet pulp loaded with seeds.

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Rakesh Kumar ¹, Vijay Kumar ¹, Jagpal Sharma ², Parshant Bakshi ³, V. B. Singh ¹, Vishal Raina ⁴, B. K. Sinha ⁵

Affiliations
1 Rainfed Research Sub-station for Sub-tropical Fruits (SKUAS&T-J), Raya (J&K), IN
2 Directorate of Research, Chatha (J&K), IN
3 Advance Centre for Horticulture Research (SKUAS&T-J), Udheywalla (J&K), IN
4 Mega Seed Project, Chatha (J&K), IN
5 Division of Plant Physiology, Chatha (J&K), IN

Abstract

A large number of citrus species are believed to have originated in India. In yesteryears, large numbers of citrus species are conserved in various institutes of the country for breeding programmer. Superior and elite materials are good sources for enhancing production and upgrading farmer’s income.

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Vijay Kumar ¹, Rakesh Kumar ¹, Neeraj Gupta ², Shalini Khajuria ³, V. B. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Rainfed Research Sub-station for Sub-tropical Fruits (S.K.U.A.S&T-J), Raya (J&K), IN
2 Division of Food Science and Technology (S.K.U.A.S&T-J) Chatha (J&K), IN
3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (S.K.U.A.S&T-J) Samba (J&K), IN

Abstract

Custard apple (Anona squamosa L.) is a small group of edible fruits of genus Annona and family Annonaceae are collectively known as annonaceous fruits. It is one of the most delicious fruits mainly consumed fresh. Annona fruits are formed by fusion of pistil and receptacle into a large flashy aggregate fruit. Genus Annona has 120 species, 6 of them having pomological significance.

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