Rashtriya Krishi (English)

Shriprakash Yadav ¹, Sonia Yadav ¹

Affiliations
1 U.P. Council of Sugarcane Research, Shahjahanpur (U.P.), IN

Abstract

India occupies better position in the world in area and production after Brazil but the cane yield/ha is generally lower (70 t/ha) than several other countries like Peru (120 t/ha), Australia (100 t/ha), and Brazil (80 t/ha) etc. Uttar Pradesh rank first in the country with regards to cane area (2.3 mha) and also in sugar production (8.75 mt). Therefore, the northern states particularly Uttar Pradeshplays important role in improving national sugarcane productivity is obvious. Sugarcane is cultivated under exceptional and wide range of climatic viz., hot weather during summer and very low temperature during winter. Now days stagnation in crop yield (72.37 t/ha) and sugar recovery (10.61%) in U.P. with decline in the factor productivity have raised a question mark over sustainability of crop yield level reached during green revolution period. In order to maintain crop sustainability, applied researches are being conducted in different disciplines and research finding’s as well as exercises such as crop rotation, integrated nutrients management strategy and green cane harvesting have been resulted to increase irrigation and drainage efficiency, improvement in organic matter and its better effect on soil properties and sugarcane nutrition. In this aspect an experimental result at sugarcane Research Institute of U.P. Council of Sugarcane Research Shahjahanpur (U.P.) showed that integration of 10 t/ha Farm Yard manure+inorganic fertilizer N, P₂O5 and K₂O on soil test basis+biofertilizers [Azotobactor and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB)] each @ 10 kg/ha gave significantly better cane yield of plant and also in their sub-sequent ratoons with trash mulching at the starting of ratoon management.

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Shriprakash Yadav ¹, Sonia Yadav ¹

Affiliations
1 Sugarcane Research Institute, U.P. Council of Sugarcane Research, Shahjahanpur, (U.P.), IN

Abstract

India is the second largest producer of sugarcane (18.18%) and sugar (15.81%) and top most consumer of the sugar in the world. There are varying sugarcane productivities across various sugarcane producing regions of the country with widely varying sugar recoveries of obtained by the sugar factories. Keeping in view the prevailing sugarcane price fixation mechanism, cost of their inputs during the course of sugarcane juice processing and fluctuations in the prices of the sugar. The sugar industry is faced with a reality that sugar, molasses and bagasse can no longer be regarded as final product from a sugar factory. Thus, value additions, diversifications to be vigorously investigated as possible routes to new market and making sugar industry less dependent on a single commodity i.e. sugar. The northern states particularly Uttar Pradesh plays important role in improving national sugarcane productivity is obvious. Now days stagnation in sugarcane crop yield (72.37 t/ha) and sugar recovery (10.61%) in U.P. with decline in the factor productivity have raised a question during green revolution period. In order to maintain crop sustainability, applied researches are being conducted in different disciplines. Crop rotations, integrated nutrient management strategies and green cane harvesting have been resulted to increase irrigation and drainage efficiency, improvement in organic matter, its better effect on soil properties and sugarcane nutrition.

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Sonia Yadav ¹, Shriprakash Yadav ¹

Affiliations
1 Sugarcane Research Institute, U.P. Council of Sugarcane Research, Shahjahanpur (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Sugarcane being a vegetatively propagated crop, tends to accumulate disease and pests during the course of cultivation. Therefore, production and supply of quality planting materials assumes greater importance. The use of healthy and vigorous seed plays a vital role in the cane development programme. Seed borne disease are responsible for considerable crop losses, this problem is a serious concern with vegetatively propagated crops like sugarcane, in which there may be either a progressive decline in production along with sugar recovery with increasing trends of diseases. Heat therapy among various agro-techniques has provided an effective method for the management of seed bone diseases like smut, grassy shoot, ratoon stunting, mosaic etc. The goal of heat therapy is killing of the pathogen at a specific temperature that is lethal. Integration of the seed production chain (nucleus, breeder, foundation and certified seeds) is of utmost importance in the case of sugarcane crop. Proper planning and monitoring. There is urgent need to revise the seed programme both quantitatively and qualitatively. Duplication should be avoided. There should be a drive to popularize new varieties and crash programmes for their production, and distribution should be developed on priority so that fast replacement of old varieties by newer one may possible.

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