Rashtriya Krishi (English)

Ashok Kumar ¹, Mohd. Arif ², S. S. Kadam ³

Affiliations
1 ICAR-NBSS & LUP, Regional Centre, New Delhi, IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Rajasthan (Udaipur), IN
3 Bombay Veterinary College, Mumbai (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Out of 105 million operational holdings, 80 million holdings are smaller than one hectare in India (Sharma, 2011) and 85 per cent of the farming population is marginal land holding size family farms (Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO STAT, 2013). Under the circumstances of shrinking land holding size, it is necessary to integrate enterprises such as dairy, fishery, poultry, duckery, apiary, along with field and horticultural crops etc. so as to make farming a more profitable and dependable options for the farmers (Behera et al., 2004).

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Mohd. Arif ¹, Ashok Kumar ², S. S. Kadam ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), IN
2 ICAR- NBSS & LUP, Regional Centre, New Delhi, IN
3 Bombay Veterinary College, Mumbai (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Mineral nutrient is generally used to refer to an inorganic ion obtained from the soil and require in plant growth. The process of absorption, translocation and assimilation of nutrients by the plants is known as mineral nutrition. Plants, like all other living things, need food for their growth and development.

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S. S. Kadam ¹, Mohd. Arif ², Ashok Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Bombay Veterinary College, Mumbai (M.S.), IN
2 Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), IN
3 ICAR-NBSS &LUP, Regional Centre, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

India is having the largest livestock population of 520 million heads, which is about 15% of world livestock population. The productivity of animals depends upon availability of nutritious and adequate feed and fodders. Due to day by day increase in the cost of concentrate feed, it is not affordable to the farmers to purchase such feed and therefore generally feed the animals on available low quality green and dry fodder.

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S. S. Kadam ¹, Mohd. Arif ², Ashok Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Veterinary College, Mumbai (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Partap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), IN
3 Regional Centre, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Green revolution has changed the scenario of Indian agriculture from food scarcity towards food security. As per recent statistics our food gain production has reached to 252.67 MT (Directorate of Economics and Statistics, 2014-15), but the productivity of the major staple food crops viz., Rice and wheat remained low. Rice and wheat are major staple food crops of large masses which decide the picture of food sufficiency at national as well as at global level. But due to impact of green revolution and ill effects of global warming, the productivity of these two crops has declined at alarming rate especially in Indo-Gangetic plains. It is due to overexploitation of natural resources particularly water, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides leads to deterioration of physical condition of soil. These result into yield stagnation causing concern about the future potential for productivity and sustainability. Thus the major challenges before us to innovate appropriate technologies to produce more food from diminished land and water resources for the burgeoning population pressure and to improve as well as conserve natural resources wisely.

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Ashok Kumar ¹, S. S. Kadam ², Mohd. Arif ³

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (NBSS&LUP), Regional Centre, New Delhi, IN
2 Bombay Veterinary College, Mumbai (M.S.), IN
3 Department of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur (Rajasthan), IN

Abstract

Crop residues burning is an important source of environmental pollution and therefore, a great cause of concerns for the scientists, researchers, policy planners, social activists and the governments. The rising level of crop residue surplus on account of higher crop biomass production, poses a great challenge before us for its effective and efficient management. The suitable strategies needs to be devised for its on-farm utilization, which inter alia includes proper incorporation and decomposition in-situ so as to supply organic matter for improving the soil physico-chemical and biological properties. The increase in soil fertility by organic sources helps in reducing the environmental pollution, caused due to heavy use of chemical fertilizers. The crop residue management not only reduces the environmental hazards caused due to its burning but also saves a huge amount of money sent by the farmers on fertilizers and other chemical amendments. In totality crop residues management ensures the overall benefits for the society at large besides its favourable effects on environmental and agricultural health and food production.

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Mohd. Arif ¹, S. S. Kadam ², Ashok Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Partap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), IN
2 Bombay Veterinary College, Mumbai (M.S.), IN
3 ICAR-NBSS & LUP, Regional Centre, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Indian agriculture is largely a mixed farming economy, wherein agriculture is practiced along with livestock. Among the livestock goat rearing is most common in small and marginal farmers. Goats can adapt themselves in almost all types of agro-climatic conditions arid western part of Rajasthan. It requires less space and maintenance and is mainly a browser on leaf and twigs of certain tress species grown in arid and semi-arid areas of Rajasthan. Khejri is one of most preferred tree species used as a fodder for goat because it provides nutritious fodder during acute shortage of green forage. Inclusion of Khejri in feeding will reduce the cost on feed and make the goat rearing a more profitable option. Beside fodder values Khejri also acts as shelter and protector of the goats, therefore, it can rightly be said about Khejri that it is a boon for goat rearing in arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan.

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Arvind Kumar ¹, Sudhir Kumar ², Ashok Kumar ³, O. V. S. Thenua ⁴

Affiliations
1 Indogulf Crop Sciences Ltd., New Delhi, IN
2 S.S.I. College, Khatuli, Muzaffarnagar (U.P.), IN
3 ICAR- NASF, KAB-1, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, IN
4 A.S. College, Lakhaoti, Bulandshahr (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Wheat is the second most important crop in India and a principal source of calorie intake. During independence, the country was dependent on wheat import to meet the food demand of the country. Due to the lodging prone low yielding nature of Indian wheat under high fertility conditions, there remained a continuous need for a breakthrough in wheat production. The dream of Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, the father of green revolution in India during mid sixties that came true to materialize the spurt of the Green Revolution in the India by which our country to meet domestic demand from its own production and became a wheat surplus country from a deficient one. Wheat crop plays a major role in creating a status of food security in India. The production level of Wheat in India had a quantum jump from 6.46 million tons from an area of 9.75 million ha in 1950-51 to more than 93.50 million tons from an area of about 302.27 million hectares with productivity of 3093 kg per hectare during 2015-16.

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