Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Bhavana Srivastava ¹, Himanshu Sharma ¹, Vikas Chandra Sharma ¹, S. C. Verma ², A. D. Jadhav ¹

Affiliations
1 National Research Institute for Ayurveda Siddha Human Resource Development, Aamkho, Gwalior-474009, (M.P), IN
2 Pharmacopeia Commission for Indian Medicine & Homeopathy, PLIM Campus, Kamala Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad-201002, IN

Abstract

Pterocarpus marsupium commonly called Indian kino tree is a medicinal plant widely used in Ayurveda. As per the Ayurvedic literature, heart wood of this plant is used in Krmiroga, Kustha, Prameha, Pandu, and Medodosa. Removal of heart wood from trunk of this tree may make this plant weak and susceptible to damage by insects and natural elements. Due to which availability of this plant may be difficult in near future for use in Indian system of medicine. This work is an attempt to evaluate the possibilities of using small branches in place of heart wood. The standard parameters of small branches of P. marsupium have not been prepared yet. So work is carried out to establish preliminary physicochemical and phytochemical standards of small branches of P. marsupium. Heart wood and small branches of P. marsupium are compared on the basis of physicochemical analysis, phytochemical analysis and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Total phenolic contents of heart wood and small branches in terms of tannic acid equivalent were 36.65±0.90 and 41.91±1.05 mg/g, respectively and total flavonoid contents in terms of querecetin equivalent were 56.30±0.38 and 70.22±1.25 mg/g, respectively. Phytochemical analysis of heartwood and small branches showed the presence of phenols, tannins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, proteins, steroids, flavanoids, coumarin, quinine and furanoids in various extracts tested. HPTLC of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of heart wood and small branches showed different phytochemical profile. Difference in HPTLC profiles suggests that small branches cannot be used in place of heart wood and further research is required to find out the substitute for heart wood of P. marsupium. Study will be helpful in the identification and quality control of P. marsupium and can provide standard HPTLC profiles of P. marsupium with selected solvent system for use as a reference for the proper identification/ authentication of the drug. Good amount of total phenolics and total flavonoids in small branches and HPTLC profile with many bands indicates that small branches may also have potential active constituents and may be studied for various pharmacological activities.

Keywords

Pterocarpus Marsupium, Physicochemical Analysis, Phytochemical Analysis, HPTLC Profile.

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S. C. Verma ¹, R. Rani ¹, E. Vashishth ¹, K. Basu ², P. Pant ¹, M. M. Padhi ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, 61-65, Institutional Area, Opp.-D-Block, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, IN
2 Arbro Pharmaceuticals (Pvt.) Limited, Kirti Nagar, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. Serr, family Rutaceae is an important medicinal plant and immensely used in the Indian System of Medicine to cure human diseases. Plant parts like ischolar_main, stem bark and fruit have been reported for various medicinal properties such as anti-diabetic, anticancer, anti bacterial, anti fungal, anti pyretic, analgesic, antioxidant, cardio protective, radio protective, anti-diarrheal, anti-dysentery, anti-ulcer, wound healing and many more. A. marmelos is commonly known as a bael in India. Chemo-profiling screening on different parts of A. marmelos plants revealed variations in phytochemicals within different parts of plant. The unique properties of the chromatographic fingerprint were validated by analyzing ischolar_main, stem bark and fruit of A. marmelos. Our results revealed that the chromatographic fingerprint combined with similarity measurement could efficiently identify and distinguish A. marmelos from the other investigated Aegle species. In this paper a new, simple method is proposed in which the TLC pattern of the extracts of ischolar_main, stem bark and fruit of A. marmelos content is used for effective and reliable quality control of the drug. The method can also be used for identification of different A. marmelos species. The proposed method uses cold-extraction then clean-up by solid-phase extraction before chromatographic analysis. The results revealed that the retention factor (R_f) of A. marmelos stem bark, ischolar_main and fruit furnishes a specific TLC chromatogram fingerprint which might be helpful for quality assurance and detection of adulteration of crude extracts. The ischolar_main, stem bark and fruit of A. marmelos L. were also physico-chemically standardized as per WHO specification.

Keywords

Aegle marmelos L., Chemo-Profiling, TLC–UV Detection, Physicochemical Analysis.

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Ajay Kumar Meena ¹, Anshul Sinha ², S. C. Verma ³, M. D. Gupta ², M. M. Padhi ⁴

Affiliations
1 NRIASHRD, CCRAS, Aamkho, Gwalior, (MP), IN
2 National Research Institute for Ayurveda- Siddha Human Resource Development, Gwalior, IN
3 Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Science, Janakpuri, Delhi –110058, IN
4 Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Science, Janakpuri, Delhi – 110058, IN

Abstract

Plant derived spices are generally used in foods for flavoring and medicinal purposes. Spices have been shown to possess medicinal value, such as antimicrobial activity, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity etc. Several spices particularly Tejpatta (Cinnamomum tamala), Souff (Foeniculum vulgare), Jeera (Cuminum cyminum), Methi (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), Dhaniya (Coriandrum sativum), Kali Mirch (Piper nigrum), Kalonji (Nigella sativa) are used extensively in the Indian diet and in ayurvedic medicines. Development of standard procedure through HPTLC is a new approach which may lead to proper standardization of different spices and ayurvedic drugs based on fingerprinting characteristics. HPTLC Fingerprinting technique is widely employed in pharmaceutical industry in process development, identification and detection of adulterants in herbal product and helps in identification of pesticide content, mycotoxins and in quality control of spices and herbs. The study revealed specific identities for spices/herbal drugs taken which will be useful in identification and control to adulterations of the drugs.

Keywords

Spices, Herbal Drugs, Quality Control, HPTLC Fingerprints, Ayurvedic Medicines.

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