Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Chanchal Kumari ¹, J. Deepalakshmi ²

Affiliations
1 University of Madras, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Biochemistry, Mohamed Sathak College of Arts and Science, University of Madras, Sholinganallur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

In recent years, heavy metals toxicity has increased due to frequent use of fertilizer in soil. Which causes hazardous to the food. Parthenium Hysterophorus Linn. had shown characteristics against lead toxicity in the soil. Phytoremediation (phytoextraction) of lead using above plant to extract lead from lead contaminated soil. Contamination of soil by heavy metals is of wide spread occurrence as a result of human, agriculture and industrial activities.The contamination is a risk to all organism including human. Entrance to the toxicity metals into the human body beyond threshold limits, causes many disease and health abnormalities. Although lead is not an essential element for the plants, it gets absorbed and accumulated in different parts of the plant. Parthenium hysterophorus linn. is a weed, distributed throughout the tropics of the world and plains in India. Remediation of soil contaminated with lead using parthenium hysterophorus appear to have great potential for cleaning of lead contaminated soil. The phytochemical present in Parthenium hysterophorus linn. has good potential of phytoremediation in the removal of lead from contaminated soil and its optimum removal of lead was found to be 223.8 mg/kg of soil at a concentration of 600mg of lead/kg of soil. Emerging cleans up technologies for phytoremediation of lead (Pb) as phytoextraction using Parthenium hysterophorus linn. having the potential to provide environmentally sound and economically viable remedies for the cleaning of lead contaminated soils.Further, more research can be carried out to genetically modified Parthenium hysterophorus linn. for better phytoremediation of lead and molecular studies greatly help in understanding the mechanism and enhancing the efficiency of phytoremedation of Parthenium hysterophorus linn. Furthermore, advance research can be achieved by isolating the active principle from Parthenium hysterophorus linn, involved in great potential for cleans up soil contaminated with lead.

Keywords

Phytoremediation, Lead, Hazardous, Molecular Studies and Parthenium hysterophorus L.

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Chanchal Kumari ¹, J. Deepalakshmi ²

Affiliations
1 University of Madras, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Biochemistry, Mohamed Sathak College of Arts and Science, University of Madras, Sholinganallur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Parthenium hysterophorus L. distributed throughout plain land includes roadsides in India and the tropics of the world. It infests pastures and farmland causing often disastrous loss of yield, is known as in common names such as famine weed, congress grass. Methanol extract of Parthenium hysterophoruslinn. was screened for their phytochemical constituents. Results on the qualitative analysis on the plant P. hysterophorus showed that the presence of steroids, sugars, alkaloids, tannins, quinines and phenols in all their three organs. The GC-MS analysis revealed that presence of 45 compounds in the leaves. The more predominated peak in phytol (30.27 %) in leaves, and this activity might be attributed to its higher content of diterpenes. The leaf proteins are reported to be better than cereal and legume proteins. It is used as spices in many parts of the world. Parthenin free dried fibres of plants are used as cattle feed. In Maharashtra and Gujarat (India) it is used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus,antibacterial, antitumor activity and also used as folk remedy for the treatment of infectious and degenerative diseases and find application in traditional, ethnomedicine for treatment of wounds, ulcerated sores, fever, anemia, fecundity and behavioral response and also against inflammatory, skin, neural diseases and female reproductive problems.

Keywords

Parthenium hysterophorus L, GC-MS, Ethnomedicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Antitumor.

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