Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Temporal Interval as a Function of Prospective Judgment of Time Perception


Affiliations
1 Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
2 Department of Psychology, Vasanta Kanya Mahavidhyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The present study was intended to explore the effect of time durations on time perception using prospective judgment of time paradigm. The dual task paradigm was used for the study. The primary task was intended to estimate elapsed time while performing the executive task and secondary task was design to measure executive performance. A reproduction method was used to estimate the time judgment of the participants. Thirty five students from Banaras Hindu University were taken as participants with age ranged from of 20 to 26 years (21.51 years, SD=1.50). Ratio and Absolute error was derived from observed reproduction of time and considered as dependent measure. The findings reveled that Accuracy of time estimation is better under short time duration in comparison to medium and long time duration. Further, it was also found that participants underestimated the period of time-on- task more under longer duration condition in comparison to medium and short time duration of executive task.

Keywords

Time Perception, Prospective Judgment, Reproduction, Duration, Executive Task.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Block, R. A. (1990). Models of Psychological time. In R. A. Block (Ed.), Cognitive Models of Psychological Time (pp.1-35). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Block, R. A., and Gruber, R. P. (2014). Time perception, attention, and memory: A selective review. Acta Psychologica, 149, 129-133.
  • Block, R. A., and Zakay, D. (1997). Prospective and retrospective duration judgment: A meta-analytic review. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 4, 184-197.
  • Block, R. A., Hancock, P. A., and Zakay, D. (2010). How cognitive load affects duration judgment: A meta-analytic review. Acta Psychologica, 134, 330-343.
  • Block, R., and Zakay, D. (2006). Prospective remembering involves time estimation and memory processes. In J. Glicksohn, and M. S. Myslobodsky (Eds.), Timing the future: The case for a time-based prospective memory (pp. 25–49). London: World Scientific.
  • Brown, S. W. (1985). Time Perception and attention: The effects of Prospective versus retrospectives paradigms and task demands on perceived duration. Perception and Psychophysics, 38, 115-124.
  • Brown, S. W. (2006). Timing and executive function: Bidirectional interference between concurrent temporal production and randomization tasks. Memory and Cognition, 34, 1464-1471.
  • Buhusi, C. V., and Meck, W. H. (2005). What makes us tick? Functional and neural mechanisms of interval timing. Nature Reviews Neurosciences, 6, 755-765.
  • Buhusi, C. V., and Meck, W. H. (2009). Relativity theory and time perception: single or multiple clocks?. Plos one, 4(7), 1875-1885. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0006268.
  • Casini, L., and Macar, F. (1997). Effects of attention manipulation on judgments of duration and of intensity in the visual modality. Memory and Cognition, 25 (6), 812-818.
  • Cedrus (2010). Super Lab (Version 4.5) [Computer Software]. San Pedro, CA.
  • Chaston, A., and Kingstone, A. (2004). Time estimation: The effect of Cortically Mediated Attention. Brain and Cognition, 25, (2), 286-289.
  • Dormal, V., Seron, X., and Pesenti, M. (2006). Numerosity-duration interference: A Stroop experiment. Acta Psychologica, 121(2), 109–124. doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2005.06.003
  • Droit-Volet, S., Mermillod, M., Cocenassilva, R., and Gil, S. (2010). The effect of expectancy of a threatening event on time perception in human adults. Emotion, 10, 908–914. doi: 10.1037/a0020258.
  • Duzcu, H., and Hohenberger, A. (2014). Prospective duration judgments: The role of temporality and executive demands of concurrent tasks. Acta Psychologica, 147, 34- 41.
  • Eisler, H. (1976). Experiments on subjective duration 1868-1975: A collection of power function exponents. Psychological Bulletin, 83 (6), 1154-1171.
  • Flaherty, M. G. (1999). A watched pot. New York: New York University Press.
  • Fortin, C., and Rousseau, R. (1987). Time perception as an index of processing demand in memory search. Perception and Psychophysics, 42, 377-382.
  • Fortin, C., and Rousseau, R. (1998). Interference from short-term memory processing on encoding and reproducing brief durations. Psychological Research, 61, 269-276.
  • Fraisse, P. (1984). Perception and Estimation of Time. Annual Review of Psychology, 35(1), 1–36.
  • Gan, T., Wang, N., Zhang, Z., Li, H., and Luo, Y. J. (2009). Emotional influences on time perception: evidence from event-related potentials. NeuroReport 20, 839–843. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e32832be7dc.
  • Grondin, S., and Laflamme, V. (2015). Steven’s law for time: A direct comparison of prospective and retrospective judgments. Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics, 77(4), 1044–1051. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-0914-5
  • Gruber, R. P., and Block, R. A. (2013). The flow of time as perceptual illusion. The Journal of Mind and Behaviour. 34 (1), 91-100.
  • Khan, A., Sharma, N. K., and Dixit, S. (2006). Effect of cognitive load and paradigm on time perception. Journal of the Indian Academy of applied Psychology, 32, 37-42.
  • Lejeune, H., and Wearden, J. H. (2009). Vierordt’s the Experimental Study of the Time Sense (1868) and its legacy. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 21, 941-960.
  • Matell, M. S., Meck, W. H. (2000). Neuropsychological mechanism of interval timing behaviour. BioEssays, 22 (1), 94-103.
  • Mioni, G., Stablum, F., McClintock, S. M., and Grondin, S. (2014). Different method for reproducing time, different results. Attention Perception and Psychophysics, 76(3), 675-681.
  • Robinson, P. (2001). Task complexity, task difficulty, and task production: Exploring interactions in a componential framework. Applied Linguistics, 22(1), 27–57.
  • Sari, F. B. (2015). Effect of kind and amount of cognitive load and duration on prospective time estimation. (Master’s thesis). Retrieved from: etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/ 12619065/index. Pdf.
  • Smith, N. C. (1969). The effects on time perception of increasing the complexity of cognitive task. Journal of General Psychology, 81, 231-235.
  • Van Rijn, H., and Taatgen, N. A. (2008). Timing of multiple overlapping intervals: How many clocks do we have? Acta Psychologica, 129 (3), 365–375.
  • Yadav, V., Naveen, Tiwari, T., Singh, T., Singh, I. L., and Singh, A. L. (2018). Effect of time durations on prospective judgment of time perception. International Journal of Reviews and Research in Social Sciences.6 (4), 143-147.
  • Zakay, D. (1992). On Prospective Time Estimation, Time Relevance and Temporal Uncertainty. In Macar, F., Poutas, I., and Friedman, W. J. (Eds.), Time, Cognition and Action (pp.109-119). Springer, Netherlands.
  • Zakay, D. (1993). Relative and absolute duration judgments under prospective and retrospective paradigms. Perception and Psychophysics, 54 (5), 656-664.
  • Zakay, D., and Block, R. A. (1995). An attentional-gate model of prospective time estimation. In M. Richelle, V. D. Keyser, G. d’Ydewalle, and A. Vandierendonck (Eds.), Time and the dynamic control of behavior (pp.167-178). Liege, Belgium: University Liege.
  • Zakay, D., and Block, R. A. (1996). The role of attention in time estimation process. Advances in Psychology, 115, 143-164. doi: 10.1016/SO166-4115 (96) 80057-4.
  • Zakay, D., and Block, R. A. (2004). Prospective and retrospective duration judgments: An executive- control process. Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalist, 64, 319-32.
  • Zhang, D., Liu, Y., Wang, X., Chen, Y., and Luo, Y. (2014). The duration of disgusted and fearful faces is judged longer and shorter than that of neutral faces: the attention-related time distortions as revealed by behavioral and electrophysiological measurements. Frontiers in Behavioral. Neurosciences. 8, 293. doi: 10.3389/ fnbeh.2014.00293.

Abstract Views: 274

PDF Views: 0




  • Temporal Interval as a Function of Prospective Judgment of Time Perception

Abstract Views: 274  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Vishal Yadav
Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Tarun Mishra
Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Trayambak Tiwari
Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Tara Singh
Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Indramani L. Singh
Cognitive Science Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Anju Lata Singh
Department of Psychology, Vasanta Kanya Mahavidhyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India

Abstract


The present study was intended to explore the effect of time durations on time perception using prospective judgment of time paradigm. The dual task paradigm was used for the study. The primary task was intended to estimate elapsed time while performing the executive task and secondary task was design to measure executive performance. A reproduction method was used to estimate the time judgment of the participants. Thirty five students from Banaras Hindu University were taken as participants with age ranged from of 20 to 26 years (21.51 years, SD=1.50). Ratio and Absolute error was derived from observed reproduction of time and considered as dependent measure. The findings reveled that Accuracy of time estimation is better under short time duration in comparison to medium and long time duration. Further, it was also found that participants underestimated the period of time-on- task more under longer duration condition in comparison to medium and short time duration of executive task.

Keywords


Time Perception, Prospective Judgment, Reproduction, Duration, Executive Task.

References