Parikalpana: KIIT Journal of Management https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana <p>Parikalpana is a bi-annual journal published from the institution. The name of the journal means hypotheses or assumptions that a researchers wants to test. The KIIT Journal of Management seeks to offer original and cutting edge directions for creating, grooming, and disseminating the novel thoughts and researches, conducted on business sectors in India and abroad with pragmatic orientation.</p><p>The journal would include articles relevant for the following:</p><ul><li>Indian organizations operating in India and overseas;</li><li>Multinational firms in India;</li><li>Comparative analysis across firms and across geographical locations.</li></ul> KIIT University, Bhubaneswar en-US Parikalpana: KIIT Journal of Management 0974-2808 A Bibliometric Review of Research on Intelligent Personal Assistants: Present Status, Development, and Future Directions https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223434 Voice assistants based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) are computer programs that use natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) algorithms to recognize and respond to voice commands and queries in a human-like way. These voice assistants use speech recognition technology to understand spoken commands and questions, process them, and provide relevant responses. The objective of this study is to examine the intellectual framework and effectiveness of voice assistants and to analyze the literature produced by renowned researchers in terms of authors, keywords, and major organizations. This review seeks to offer valuable insights into the growing body of literature on virtual assistants. In this article, the authors have used the bibliometric method to systematically summarize the current state of voice assistant research. They analyzed 563 articles related to Voice assistants from the Scopus database between 2002 and 2023 using the R-Studio ‘Biblioshiny’ tool. The analysis includes an examination of the core journals, articles, authors, institutions, and relevant countries to determine the most influential voice assistants literature. This study also provides a detailed understanding of Co-occurrence network, Co-citation network and Coword analysis. The authors have also used thematic maps to identify the different research topics of voice literature and have grouped them into four clusters, including Motor themes, Niche themes, Emerging themes, and Basic themes. The article concludes by discussing the limitations of the study and highlighting future research directions. Paramjit Singh Ruchika Yadav 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Factors Influencing Employees’ Retention in Healthcare Organizations of West Bengal: An Empirical Study https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223459 Healthcare organizations provide specialized services wherein the main purpose is to cater to the patient’s needs. These specialized services can be provided by experienced, knowledgeable, and talented key people who have the capability of handling difficult situations. Hiring such employees is the need and moreover, retaining these employees has become a challenge nowadays. Poaching has emerged as one of the major problems of the healthcare industry as the demand for such employees is increasing day by day. The main purpose of this study is to identify the factors which will influence the retention of employees in healthcare organizations. In this paper, both primary and secondary data were used. SPSS and AMOS software was also used. Then in this research study, the regression analysis was conducted from the factors identified in this study. Puja Tiwari Soumendra Nath Bandyopadhyay Arunangshu Giri 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Organizational Culture: A Longitudinal Study of a Public Sector Bank https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223461 This study aims to map cultural changes in the transformational journey of an Indian public sector bank (PSB) using longitudinal data collected at three different points. This study investigates the relationship between Organizational Culture (OC) and the financial performance. The survey was conducted out using the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) based on the competing values framework. The findings revealed an emerging pattern between changing culture and financial performance of the Bank culture indicating a shift from clan culture of pre-change initiatives to market culture of phase 1 to primacy of market culture of phase 2, in phase 3 hierarchy was the dominant culture. The findings contradict the extant literature that categorizes public sector employees as resistant to change, adapting to the top leader’s mission in this case. This study maps cultural change in PSB through a longitudinal study using Competing Value Framework (CVF) in an emerging market context, examining the past (then), current, and preferred culture. Richa Awasthy Diwakar Singh 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Predictive Analytics of Manpower Estimation using Markov Chain Model: A Real time Case on a Manufacturing Plant in Odisha https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223469 Manpower management is one of the core functional area of any business operations. In practice, right deployment of manpower at right positions in right time is very crucial. People usually join their corporate life in multiple times in a calendar year at various positions. They also move across various levels due to usual corporate HR interventions at different times in a year as well. So, optimization and successful prediction of work-force movement in the verticals by aligning its way to reduce surplus and shortage is key to survival in business. Right prediction of work-force position movements at right time is crucial to every organization success. This article focusses on insight of the optimization of human resources for key success of the organization. Results obtained from this study indicated the model validation when compared to actual data. The study took the data of a large steel making company in the state of Odisha and found this model useful for practice. The results indicated towards some suggestions for the company in employee hiring plans in future. Out of the available models available this ‘Markov Chain’ model application actually intends to show a positive direction towards decision making in managing and controlling the employee base. Ratnakar Mishra S. Dhanabagiyam 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Entrepreneurial Cluster Branding Influencing Sustainable Cashew Market: A Case Study https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223462 Entrepreneurs who express their unique individuality tend to remain competitive in the market as they confront challenges and cultivate a strong brand image. Cluster branding, a strategy that unites businesses within a specific geographic region under a common brand, is a rare occurrence, as seen in the case of cashew production in Palasa, Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh. Despite Palasa’s well-known reputation, cashew entrepreneurs predominantly opt for individual branding instead of harnessing the location’s image for cluster branding. This silence surrounding cluster branding implies that there are both positive and negative attitudes toward the idea of collectively promoting all cashew merchants under a single brand. The study’s primary objective is to identify various determinants, categorized as either promoting or hindering cluster branding within this context. The research methodology employs a descriptive design and a quantitative approach. Data is gathered from the target population of Palasa’s cashew entrepreneurs through a semi-structured questionnaire, using stratified random sampling and a cross-sectional survey. The collected data is analyzed using descriptive statistics to assess demographic characteristics. Additionally, a factor analysis is conducted to extract key variables that are likely to have a significant impact on the sustainability of the cashew business in Palasa. The findings not only identify factors that positively influence cluster branding but also shed light on negative factors that can complicate individual business development. These insights offer valuable guidance for management decisions, and recommendations are put forth to pave the way for sustainable progress in the cashew industry. Koppala Venugopal Saumendra Das 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Socio-psychological and Economic Impact of Covid Pandemic on Slum Settlers: An Assessment https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223463 The study articulates the multifaceted impact of the Covid pandemic on slum dwellers. Specifically, the impact of the pandemic on economic endurance, social prevalence, and health occurrence of the informal settlers is enumerated and intrigued. Research papers in different forms are collected from Open Athens, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Search terms like “economic impact”, “social impact”, “Socio-psychological impact” “health and sanitation”, “slums” “slum dwellers”, etc. are used for assembling literatures. A mixed method of traditional review with bibliometric analysis is adopted for the study. The process of developing the concept, gathering of information, selection and rejection, analysis, and interpretation has been applied to replicate the research findings. By synthesizing the process, it was found that the pandemic has shaken the economic condition of the inhabitants in terms of loss of employment, degradation of income level, the burden of emergency circumstances, etc. In addition, overcrowding in tenements restricted isolation and fostered infection. It is pertinent that health problems and social issues have a large, negative, and long-lasting impact on slum habitats. On the other side, prolonged socio-economic issues created stress and anxiety for them. Aruna Sharma Bikash Sethy Priyabrata Panda 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 An Empirical Analysis of Volatility and Asymmetric Behaviour: Case of NSE and BSE https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223464 The price, return and different events in stock market are uncertain but this uncertainty can provide insight for making investment decisions, if volatility is measured through appropriate model. In this research work, efforts are made to examine and compare the symmetric and asymmetric volatility in two major stock markets of India through the application of econometric models i.e. GARCH, TGARCH and EGARCH. Daily closing prices of NSE (Nifty-50) and BSE (Sensex) from 1st April 2010 to 31st March 2022 is used for the examination purpose. The results show that volatility in Indian market is persisted for a long time The asymmetric behaviour of volatility is also observed in Indian market. Findings are useful to design dynamic pricing, hedging and portfolio management strategies to all market participants. Sunita Anshika Prakash Ritu Gupta 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Comparison of Performance of Selected Open-Ended Equity and Debt Mutual Fund Schemes https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223465 <p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The numerous organisations that provide a range of funds are making it difficult for retail investors to choose an investment that is acceptable to them. During the pandemic, global market systems were disturbed, notably hurting market returns.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Design:</strong> Evaluate the open-ended schemes’ performance concerning equity and debt in mutual funds. The sample contains 10 schemes chosen from ten of the BSE 30 corporate schemes from January 2018 to December 2022. The performance of selected funds is examined to determine various statistical tools such as the daily average return, standard deviation, beta, and risk-adjusted value (Treynor and Jensen ratios). A benchmark index has also been created for analysis.</p><p><strong> Findings:</strong> The results of the performance evaluation showed that equity schemes had a comparatively better return with moderate risk compared to debt schemes, but at the same time, the risk would be lower in debt schemes compared to equity. This study will help investors to identify good schemes and asset management firms should enhance the performance of their equity schemes to attract investors who are eager to pick the market’s portfolio structure. It is critical to identify and investigate the reasons for changes in time and market structure.</p> V. Prabakaran P. Smitha P.V. Saravanan K.C. Mini Mathew 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Enhancing Customer Satisfaction in Fast Food: A Novel Approach Integrating SEM and ANN for Relationship Marketing Analysis https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223471 The current study presents the integrated model that explores how the relationship marketing tool constructed on the bases of trust, commitment, and communication helps achieving customer satisfaction in fast food industry. The underpinning theories of this study are relationship marketing theories, trust-commitment theory on key mediating variables and confirmation/ disconfirmation theory for satisfaction. A Two Staged Structural Equation Modelling – Artificial Neural Network Approach is used to validate the findings of the research. The findings reveal that Trust has the highest impact on customer satisfaction, followed by Commitment and Communication. Both the Smart PLS and ANN analyses support this result, validating its significance. The finding highlights the importance for the fast-food industry to prioritize quality, service, and relationship marketing strategies as key factors for long-term success and sustained customer engagement. Gautam Shandilya Ajitabh Dubey Praveen Srivastava 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Testing of Weak Market Efficiency in Indian Stock Market: An Empirical Study of Pharmaceutical Sector https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223467 Market efficiency concept is one of the vital interest areas for economists and researchers around the world. Pharmaceutical sector has seen quite a growth in recent past, as government around the world have made healthcare a priority sector. The target of the study is to examine whether the Indian financial market, with particular reference to the pharmaceutical sector, may be considered to be following a random walk. This study is centered on past price data of two indices and eight pharmaceutical companies’ stocks listed on national stock exchange for ten years. Analytical tools namely run test, unit root test and autocorrelation test have been utilized. Though results of tests are varying, we may conclude that the stock market in pharmaceutical sector lacks weak form of efficiency as the return series is neither stationary nor random. Sakshi Singh 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Consumer’s Adoption Intention of Electric Vehicles: A Bibliometric Analysis https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223468 An electric vehicle is a type of vehicle that is propelled by an electric motor fuelled by a battery. Electric vehicles are gaining popularity worldwide because of increasing environmental awareness and various benefits like less dependency on fossil fuel and they are considered an efficient and sustainable mode of transportation. This research presents a thorough overview and a bibliometric analysis of studies published related to consumer’s adoption/ purchase intentions of Electric vehicles (EVs) from 1994 to 2023. The Scopus database was utilized to extract the papers as it is considered the largest database of peer-reviewed academic publications. The VOS Viewer software was used for the bibliometric analysis of networks between authors, institutions, countries, publications, journals, and keyword occurrence. The study was performed on 1 April 2023, which yielded a total of 140 documents after exclusion using the selected keywords. The findings indicate a considerable increase in EV adoption intention-related publications during the past six years. China is the world leader in this field of research, providing the maximum number of papers and involving the most prominent authors and research organizations. Whereas, Wang Z. has been the most productive author with a maximum number of publications in the area. Sustainability (Switzerland) journal stands out as the most prolific journal with the most publications. This analysis will help academicians better understand historical trends, current challenges, and prospective future research topics in the area of electric vehicle adoption/purchasing intentions. Anupriya Pandey Shalu 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Role of Financial Literacy in Driving Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth of Women in Odisha https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223470 The study examines the relationship between financial literacy, financial inclusion, and the economic growth of rural self-help group women in Odisha. Financial literacy has emerged as a vital component in promoting financial inclusion, enabling individuals to access and utilize financial services effectively. Specifically, focusing on rural SHG women, this research investigates how financial literacy influences their economic growth by empowering them with the knowledge and skills necessary for financial decision-making. The study explores the impact of financial inclusion, facilitated by financial literacy, on the economic well-being of these women. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and empirical analysis i.e., EFA, CFA &amp; SEM, this research aims to shed light on the significance of financial literacy in promoting economic empowerment and sustainable development among rural SHG women. The findings of this study can contribute to policy formulation and the design of targeted interventions aimed at enhancing financial literacy and fostering economic growth in rural communities. Satyaranjan Garu Srinibash Dash 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Does the Weavers’ Cooperative Society Yield Higher Income to the Handloom Weavers? Evidence from Odisha https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223466 The study aims to analyse whether the Weavers’ Cooperative Society (WCS) fetches higher income for the weavers as compared to the other two systems of production-marketing such as independent weavers and working under a Master Weaver (MW)/Middleman (MM). It also seeks to examine the social and demographic factors that influence the handloom weavers to join a cooperative society in Odisha. Primary data collected from 435 handloom weaving households shows that the master weaver system of production-marketing is dominant in the study area. The results of one-way ANOVA revealed that the independent weavers earn the highest income, whereas the weavers working under MW/MM receive the lowest. Though the WCS, in comparison to the master weaver system, yields higher income to the weavers, fewer workers are employed under the cooperative society for various reasons. The results of binary logistic regression analysis tell us that the skill and marital status of the weaver are the significant factors affecting the handloom weavers to work under a WCS. Government policies should aim to strengthen cooperative societies with adequate training facilities to enhance the skill of the handloom weavers. Ashish Kumar Meher T. K. Venkatachalapathy Prasant Kumar Panda 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 What Influence the Business Success of Micro Small & Medium Enterprises: Analysis from Rural and Urban Assam https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223533 This study strives to know if the factors influencing business success are uniform across all the three categories of MSMEs; identical for male and female entrepreneurs and universal in rural and urban areas. Based on 320 registered MSMEs from two districts of Assam, the study uses two criterions for defining a small business as successful: minimum five years survival as on 31st March 2018 and revenue greater than cost. The study recognises 16 factors that influence the success which are grouped into three categories: MSME characteristics; entrepreneur characterises and business characteristics. The findings identifies two sets of factors influencing the success, first, the vital factors (VFs) which are quintessential for performance and success and the critical factors (CFs) which are desired for the survival of an enterprise. These are found to be considerably different across the different sized MSMEs; male and female entrepreneurs and differ in rural and urban area. Ankita Sarmah 2023-11-01 2023-11-01 19 An Empirical study of Unified Payment Interface (UPI) in Indian Digital Payment System https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223477 <p><em>“Faceless, Paperless, Cashless”</em></p><p>A significant shift in support of digital has been seen in the financial services industry. Numerous opportunities in the area of digital financial services have arisen as a result of this change. The purpose of this paper is to provide a broad picture of the contactless payment environment, drawing insights gained and addressing challenges and possibilities for the Indian mobile payments ecosystem in order to propel this vibrant and valued sector. The primary aim of this paper is to examine the future possibilities of the Unified Payment Interface and evaluate a comparative analysis between Public and Private sector banks performance in UPI. UPI’s turnaround can be linked to a variety of revolutionary headwinds, including the presence of a robust infrastructure, switching expectations of customers, foresighted government actions, and technological breakthroughs. The future may see a realignment of ecosystem participants’ roles and a consolidation of market players for better Financial Literacy.</p> Akshaya Kumar Sahu Dasarathi Sahu Debananda Patra 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 A Parental perspective on School Children’s Dietary habits, Nutrition and Health outcomes https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223475 The World Obesity Federation predicts that by 2030, 6.2% of adolescents aged 10-19 will be obese, and 10.81% of children aged 5-9 will also be obese. In India, it is estimated that over 27 million children will be obese. It is important for children to have a balanced diet and exercise regularly to maintain a healthy weight and proper development. The quality of nutrients that children consume can significantly impact their health, growth, and functions. This study provides insights into the eating habits and preferences of school-aged children, the prevalence of junk food consumption, and parental concerns. Junk food is appealing to children because of its taste, affordability, and convenience, and its negative impact on health is not always understood. To promote holistic development, physical activity is essential for children’s physical, social, and mental well-being. Nutrition advice can also facilitate the adoption of healthy eating habits in the long term. Aditi P.S. Raychaudhuri 2023-12-02 2023-12-02 19 CSR in PSUs- Reckoning Compliance and Expenditure of Transportation and Logistics Companies https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223472 The companies are expected to discharge their social obligations to benefit society and environment. The transportation and logistics companies work to curb the time and place barriers and for that utilizes the resources from society itself. This study deals with compliance and expenditure of transportation and logistics PSUs in context of CSR along with determining the impact of various CSR parameters on aggregate CSR expenditure. The data of four companies have been studied from 2014-15 to 2020-21 and explained through percentages and descriptive statistics and analyzed through sample t-test, one-way ANOVA and panel regression analysis. The companies across the sector differ in their compliance and expenditure significantly, however do not differ in their approach over the years and the aggregate CSR expenditure gets significantly determined by its various parameters. There is a need of specified guidelines on CSR expenditure to ensure the inclusive growth and efficient contribution towards social activities. Meenu Maheshwari Ashok Kumar Gupta Sanjay Bhayani Pragya Gaur 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Analysis of Retail- Investor’s Behavioural Intention to Use Mobile Trading Apps: Using UTAUT 2 https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223473 <strong>Purpose</strong>: In the era of fast internet mobile apps of different kinds are becoming important in daily life as they save time and money. In recent past mobile trading apps have gain importance and usefulness among the retail-investors as they can access their current stock from anywhere at any time giving them hands on advantages over who are not used to these apps. In past there are studies using UTAUT 2 to find out the factors contributing to the development of behavioural intention of an individual adopting different technology, banking apps, education apps, and other apps but we do not find the studies in which behavioural intention of retail-investors using mobile trading apps in context to India. In this research study an attempt is being made to find out the factors which contributes towards the development of behavioural Intention among retail – investors using mobile trading app using UTAUT 2. Apart from this relationship of perceived risk with behavioural intention of retail-investors to use mobile trading apps is also examined. Saurabh Sonkar Sidhant Kumar Atul Anand Jha Pragyan Pushpanjali Ashoke Kumar Sarkar 2023-12-02 2023-12-02 19 A Retrospective Overview of Telework and Work-Family Conflict: Science Mapping, Themes and Future Research Scope through Bibliometric Analysis https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223474 <p><strong>Work</strong>-family conflict arises when a person encounters expectations that are incompatible with their family and work responsibilities, making it harder for them to fulfil both tasks. As a result of this imbalance, there is conflict between work and family life.</p><p><strong>Objectives</strong>: The current study examines the development of research on the topics of telework and work-family conflict as well as the science mapping of already published articles between the years 1992 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology:</strong> The VOS-viewer tool and Scopus analysis are used to undertake a bibliometric analysis of the biographies of papers published in telework and work-family conflict. From the Scopus database, 281 papers were retrieved and used for analysis.</p><p><strong> Findings</strong>: The results revealed exponential growth in current trends, leading journals, top authors, top articles and significant co-words, keywords, and so on, followed by comprehensive science mapping analysis.</p><p><strong> Limitations and implications:</strong> The focus of the literature review is limited to the social science field. However, analysts may include additional domains in future studies. Furthermore, future researchers may also target other databases, such as the Web of Science, or combine data from Scopus and the Web of Science in their studies.</p> Bharat Kumar Lakra Subrata Kumar Sahoo 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19 Creating Value in a VUCA World– The Role of Financial Resources https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223476 The concept of VUCA was introduced or brought into forefront post 9/11, when the businesses and their respective models were questioned, their existence, their profitability was uncertain. The growth, globally in various industries was facing a slowdown, however when the financial crisis was almost getting over, the ‘new normal’ emerged. VUCA circumstances undermine any efforts to understand the future and to plan for response. There is a change that is witnessed in the global business climate, the companies that have been doing well now thrive in this business environment in developed countries, the volatile situation in the industries continue to pose economic challenges for the businesses and where decision regarding technology and innovation is questioned. An important understanding of operational leadership in the context of VUCA is to identify the issues embedded in it. Unlike the problems that need to be solved, the issues are the unresolved, unexpected, complex - issues and challenges that every leader faces. Size and volume are no longer the keys to business success. Cash flow rather than profit helps an organization to cope with difficult times. Transforming a rapidly changing foreign environment into a onesize- fits-all approach requires a major overhaul of the way we develop, implement and deliver business plans and objectives as evidenced by numerous companies such as Ford Motors, Capital One Bank, Philips NV, Panasonic Corp, South West, The airline, Rio Tinto, Halliburton to name a few. This paper seeks to emphasize how important it is for leaders to enjoy the promotion and use of financial resources, maintain financial viability at all costs, master the art of budgeting, maintain and improve organizational performance. Monica Nayyar Patnaik Shikta Singh S. N. Misra 2023-12-02 2023-12-02 19 Quality Performance and Capacity Improvement Model for the Service Sector Industries https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Parikalpana/article/view/223478 Service sector industries are becoming the most prominent economic contributors almost in all countries for its’ increasing share in the GDP with major impact in employment generation. Service industries are advancing in developed &amp; developing countries with high mass consumptions and owing to enrichment in standard of living with modern life styles. Industry revolutions and extensive application of Cyber Physical System in the services with indispensability of digital interventions in our daily life booming service sectors since last two decades. Exponential growth with technological transformation, robust changes in the process of communication and useful &amp; inevitable use of apps in everyday life leverage the service sectors. Online communication and impact of covid19 in the working methods, services in both developed and developing countries created a remarkable opportunity in various dimensions in all economies. New prospects of business in service industries are producing employment, wide spreads the volume of business and created higher money velocity with GDP. The objective of this research study is defined with outcomes are, develop a service improvement framework with applicable quality techniques, service improvement structure with parameters through a model, factors of operational efficiency measurement &amp; improvement, and detailed control and improvement points for the service organization enhancement with service efficiency. This study results will assist to service owners, management and stakeholders to comprehend and recognize the gaps in their various services domains, required initiatives for outspreading business, profit, manage quality, generate internal efficiency, customer’s delight, planning for execution, improvement benchmark and organized method for attending critical areas of business &amp; services. Dilip Kumar Gayen 2023-12-01 2023-12-01 19