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Andr, J.
- Effects of Application Terms of Three Soil Active Herbicides on Herbicide Efficacy and Reproductive Ability for Weeds in Maize
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PDF Views:69
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague 6-Suchdol, CZ
2 Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
3 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
4 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague
1 Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague 6-Suchdol, CZ
2 Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
3 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
4 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague
Source
Plant, Soil and Environment, Vol 60, No 10 (2014), Pagination: 452–458Abstract
The aim of this work was to compare herbicide efficacy and reduction of weed reproduction after the application of three frequently used soil residual herbicides during pre-emergent (PRE) and early post-emergent (EPOST) application in maize. Plot field trials were carried out in Central Bohemia during two growing seasons (2010 and 2011). Good efficacy (88%, resp. 83%) was found in isoxaflutole + thiencarbazone (ISF + THC) and terbuthylazin + S-metolachlor (TBA + SMC) on Echinochloa crus-galli, especially in PRE application use. Efficacy on Amaranthus retroflexus was 91% at both tested application periods and there were no significant differences between experimental years. Significant differences in A. retroflexus control were recorded among all tested herbicides (ISF + THC > TBA + SMC > pendimethalin (PEM) + dimethenamid (DMA)). No significant differences between PRE and EPOST were recorded in efficacy on Chenopodium album. Significant differences in efficacy on C. album were recorded among all tested herbicides (ISF + THC > TBA + SMC > PEM + DMA). Mercurialis annua was the most tolerant tested weed, which was significantly better controlled at EPOST herbicide application (73%) compared to PRE application (32%). TBA + SMC showed a significantly higher efficacy on M. annua compared with other tested herbicides. Seed production of all tested weeds was strongly effected by weather conditions, which were significant during 2011, when there was higher than average precipitation during May and June. The most seeds were produced by A. retroflexus > C. album > E. crus-galli > M. annua. ISF + THC best reduced seed production of E. crus-galli, A. retroflexus and C. album, especially when applied at PRE. TBA + SMC best reduced seed production of M. annua. Weed competition on untreated control plots caused yield loss by 90%and 47% in 2011 and 2012, respectively, compared to treatments with the highest yield (ISF + THC).Keywords
Zea mays, Pre-Emergent and Early Post-Emergent Application of Herbicide, Seed Reproduction of Weeds.Full Text
References
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- Differences in Sensitivity of F1 and F2 Generations of Herbicide Tolerant Sunflower Volunteers to Selected Acetolactate Synthase Inhibiting Herbicides
Abstract Views :160 |
PDF Views:80
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague, CZ
2 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
3 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague
4 Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
5 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
1 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague, CZ
2 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
3 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague
4 Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
5 Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, CZ
Source
Plant, Soil and Environment, Vol 60, No 10 (2014), Pagination: 446–451Abstract
The aim of this work is to describe the differences in sensitivity of Clearfield, ExpressSun and non-herbicide tolerant (HT) sunflower cultivars to several acetolactate synthase inhibitor herbicides and to find out the differences in sensitivity in F1 and F2 generations of these cultivars. Non-HT sunflower was very sensitive to most of the tested herbicides, except for nicosulfuron (efficacy 43-75%). F2 generation of non-HT sunflower showed a low level of sensitivity to imazamox (efficacy 10-43%) and to nicosulfuron, tribenuron, thifensulfuron and rimsulfuron under dry conditions (efficacy 43-83%). Sensitivity of Clearfield sunflower (cultivar with tolerance to imidazolinone herbicides) to tested sulfonylurea varied according to used herbicide and weather conditions. The highest efficacy on Clearfield sunflower showed iodosulfuron (97-100%) > florasulam (88-100%) > foramsulfuron (40-98%) > thifensulfuron (12-99%) > rimsulfuron (37-99%) > tribenuron (0-87%) > nicosulfuron (0-78%). ExpressSun sunflower (cultivar with tolerance to tribenuron) was the most tolerant to all tested herbicides. The lowest efficacy on F1 generation showed tribenuron (0%) > imazamox (0-17%) > nicosulfuron (0-43%) > thifensulfuron (0-57%) > rimsulfuron (0-70%) > foramsulfuron (8-75%) > florasulam (75-96%) > iodosulfuron (87-98%). Sensitivity of F2 generation of ExpressSun to tested herbicide was usually higher as compared to F1 generation.Keywords
Helianthus annus, Herbicide Efficacy, Acetolactate Synthase Inhibiting Herbicides, Clearfield, ExpressSun.Full Text
References
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