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Arduini, I.
- Cadmium Uptake and Translocation in Durum Wheat Varieties Differing in Grain-Cd Accumulation
Abstract Views :133 |
PDF Views:242
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto n. 80, I-56124, Pisa, IT
2 Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, IT
3 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, IT
4 Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, IT
1 Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto n. 80, I-56124, Pisa, IT
2 Department of Agricultural, Food and Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, IT
3 Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, IT
4 Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, IT
Source
Plant, Soil and Environment, Vol 60, No 1 (2014), Pagination: 43–49Abstract
Wheat grain products are the primary source of dietary Cd-intake for humans. Since varieties differ markedly in grain-Cd accumulation, efforts are needed to find traits associated with low, or high, accumulation. Two durum wheat varieties, selected in a field screening as low (Creso) and high (Svevo) grain-Cd accumulating, were grown on soil spiked with 1.5, 3 and 4.5 mg Cd/kg. Growth patterns, Cd uptake and translocation were investigated at heading and maturity. Cadmium did not affect plant growth and grain yield, but grain-Cd concentration always exceeded the permissible limit of 0.2 mg Cd/kg, and was approximately double in Svevo than in Creso. At maturity, total Cd-uptake increased linearly with supply in Creso, from 13 to 23 μg/plant, and was approximately 18 μg/plant, irrespective of Cd level, in Svevo. Partitioning to shoot was higher in Svevo than in Creso, both at heading and maturity. We suggest that reduced plant height, high root to shoot biomass ratio during vegetative growth and elevated post-heading dry matter accumulation promoted Cd accumulation into grain. Since these traits are common to modern wheat varieties, risks of grain Cd-contamination can increase in the future.Keywords
Food Safety, Genotype, Cadmium Contaminated Soil, Triticum durum<.Full Text
References
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- Nitrogen Leaching and Residual Effect of Barley/Field Bean Intercropping
Abstract Views :91 |
PDF Views:29
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, IT
2 Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, IT
3 Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, IT
1 Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, IT
2 Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, IT
3 Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, IT
Source
Plant, Soil and Environment, Vol 61, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 60-65Abstract
Cereal/legume intercropping may improve resource use efficiency in agroecosystems and increase yield per unit surface area and yield stability. Two field bean (Vicia faba L.) and four barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars were mono- and intercropped (additive design) in a 2-year lysimeter experiment on a sandy loam soil. The aim was to test the effect of the cropping system on dry matter and N yield of forage, the residual effect on the subsequent ryegrass crop (Lolium multiflorum Lam. westerwoldicum), and NO3-N leaching in the rotation. Land equivalent ratios were 1.65 for dry matter and 1.67 for N yield, indicating a clear advantage of the intercrop over sole crops. Both species suffered from competition, especially in terms of N resources, but barley was less affected. Nitrate leaching was the lowest from intercrop. Preceding crop significantly affected dry matter, N content and NO3-N leaching of ryegrass. Field bean sole crop gave the highest benefits to ryegrass in terms of forage dry matter and N content, but also the highest NO3-N leaching, followed by the intercrop and the barley sole crop. Barley/field bean intercropping may be an effective strategy to reduce land requirements, N leaching losses and fertilizer inputs, thereby increasing the sustainability of farming systems.Keywords
Silage, Crop Rotation, Mixture, N Benefit, N Loss.Full Text