Nature Environment and Pollution Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

The Use of Fish Biomarkers for Assessing Textile Effluent Contamination of Aquatic Ecosystems:A Review


Affiliations
1 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Kerala, India
 

The effluent emission from textile industries has become a foremost concern in accordance with the growth of global industrial sectors. Although the textile industries have a major role in economic development, they cause quality deterioration of ecosystems. Several studies have discussed the environmental consequences of textile effluents and attempted to characterize the textile wastewaters. The main pollutants formed from the textile industry include dyes, surfactants, salts, metal complexes, biocides, hydrocarbons, resins, waxes, etc. Most of the pollutants are of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds of stable complicated structure with non-degradability. The water contaminated with textile effluents shows massive variation in water quality. The methods based on qualitative and quantitative observations of living organisms in their natural habitats were efficient in compensating deficiencies of physico-chemical analysis. Therefore, the biological approach arrived in the water quality determination such as bioindicators and biomarkers. Fish are particularly sensitive to the water contamination and, therefore, pollutants may significantly interfere with several of their biochemical processes. So the recent trend in biomarker studies focuses on the behavioural, physiological and biochemical changes of fish. In this review, the impacts of textile effluents on freshwater ecosystems and the fish biomarkers (biochemical, haematological, histological parameters) used for the assessment of these undesirable changes have been discussed.

Keywords

Biomarkers, Dyes, Organic Chemicals, Textile Effluent, Toxicity.
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Adedeji, O.B., Okerentugba, P.O. and Okonko, I.O. 2012. Use of molecular, biochemical and cellular biomarkers in monitoring environmental and aquatic pollution. Nature and Science, 10(9): 83-104.

  • Adeogun, A.O. and Chukwaka, A.V. 2010. Differential sensitivity of sagittal otolith growth and somatic growth in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to textile industry effluent. Life Science Journal, 7(2): 35-41.

  • Ahmed, G., Miah, M.A., Anawar, H.M., Chowdhury, D.A. and Ahmad, J.U. 2011. Influence of multi-industrial activities on trace metal contamination: an approach towards surface water body in the vicinity of Dhaka Export Processing Zone (DEPZ). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184(7): 4181-4190.

  • Ahmed, T.F., Sushil, M. and Krishna, M. 2012. Impact of dye industrial effluent on physicochemical characteristics of Kshipra river, Ujjain city, India. International Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 1(2): 41-45.

  • Akilan, S.T. 2016. Textile pollution and sociological implications- a case study in the selected villages of Noyyal River belt, Tamil Nadu. International Journal of Economic and Business Review, 4(2): 71-84.

  • Al-Sabti, K. 2000. Chlorotriazine reactive azo red 120 textile dye induces micronuclei in fish. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 47(2), 149-155.

  • Amrutha, C. and Subramanian, P. 2010. Effect of temperature, salinity, pH and naphthalene on ethoxyresorufin-Odeethylase activity of Oreochromis mossambicus. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 92(1): 127-135.

  • Amte, G.K. and Mhaskar, T.V. 2013. Impact of textile-dyeing industry effluent on some haematological parameters of freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 12(1): 93-98.

  • Avni, P. and Jagruti, B. 2016. Determination of genotoxic effect of azo dye C.I. RR 120 on fish Catla catla. Biotechnological Research, 2(2):77-80.

  • Awomeso, J.A., Taiwo, A.M., Gbadebo, A.M. and Adenowo, J. A. 2010. Studies on the pollution of water body by textile industry effluents in Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences in Environmental Sanitation, 5(4): 353-359.

  • Benavides, L. 1992. Hazardous waste management for small scale and cottage industries in developing countries: overview. Report prepared for UMP/UNCHS.

  • Brewer, S.K., Little, E.E., DeLonay, A.J., Beauvais, S.L., Jones, S.B. and Ellersieck, M.R. 2001. Behavioral dysfunctions correlated to altered physiology in rainbow trout (Oncorynchus mykiss) exposed to cholinesterase-inhibiting chemicals. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 40(1): 70-76.

  • Caquet, T. and Lagadic, L. 2000. Consequences of individual-level alterations on population dynamics and community structure and function. In: L. Lagadic, Th. Caquet, J.C. Amiard, F. Ramade (eds.), Use of Biomarkers for Environmental Quality Assessment. Science Publishers, Enfield, UK, 79-111.

  • Carrasco, K.R., Tilbury, K.L. and Myers, M.S. 1990. Assessment of the piscine micronucleus test as an in situ biological indicator of chemical contaminant effects. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 47(11): 2123-2136.

  • Cavas, T. and Ergene-Gozukara, S. 2003. Micronuclei, nuclear lesions and interphase silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) as cytogenotoxicity indicators in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to textile mill effluent. Mutation Research, 538: 81-91.

  • Cavas, T. Garanko, N.N. and Arkhipchuk, V.V. 2005. Induction of micronuclei and binuclei in blood, gill and liver cells of fishes subchronically exposed to cadmium chloride and copper sulphate. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 43(4): 569-574.

  • Cummins, C.P. 1994. Acid solutions. In: Calow, P., (ed). Handbook of Ecotoxicology. Vol. 2. Blackwell Scientific Publications, pp. 34-35.

  • Das, M., Ahmed, Md. K., Islam, Md. S. and Akter, S.M. 2011. Heavy metals in industrial effluents (tanney and textile) and adjacent rivers of Dhaka city Bangladesh. Terrestrial and Aquatic Environmental Toxicology, 5(1). 8-13.

  • Dey, S. and Islam, A. 2015. A review on textile wastewater characterization in Bangladesh. Resource and Environment, 5(1): 15-44.

  • Dutta, H.M. 1997. A composite approach for evaluation of the effects of pesticides on fish. In: Fish Morphology Horizon of New Research. Munshi, J.S.D and Dutta, H.M. (eds). Science Publishers Inc. New York., pp. 249-277.

  • EPA (Environment Protection Agency) 1979. Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water. Method 353.3. Environment Protection Agency, USA.

  • Fent, K., Woodin, B.R. and Stegeman, J.J. 1998. Effects of triphenyltin and other organotins on hepatic monooxygenase system in fish. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, 121: 277-288.

  • Franssen, M.C.R., Kircher, M. and Wohlgemuth, R. 2010. Industrial biotechnology in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. In: Soetaert, W. and Vandamme, E.J. (eds). Industrial Biotechnology Sustainable Growth and Economic Success. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co., pp. 323-350.

  • Gereffi, G. 2002. Outsourcing and changing patterns of international competition in the apparel commodity chain. UNIDO’s World Industrial Development Report, 2001.

  • Ghaly, A.E., Ananthashankar, R., Alhattab, M. and Ramakrishnan, V.V. 2014. Production, characterization and treatment of textile effluents: A critical review. Journal of Chemical Engineering and Process Technology, 5(1): 182.

  • Gregory, P. 1990. Classification of dyes by chemical structure. In: Waring, D. R. and Hallas, G. (eds). The Chemistry and Application of Dyes, Part of the Series Topics in Applied Chemistry. Plenum press, New York, pp. 17-47.

  • Gul, S., Belge-Kurutaþ, E., Yýldýz, E., Þahan, A. and Doran, F. 2004. Pollution correlated modifications of liver antioxidant systems and histopathology of fish (Cyprinidae) living in Seyhan Dam Lake, Turkey. Environment International, 30(5): 605-609.

  • Heath, A.G. 1995. Water Pollution and Fish Physiology. 2nd Edn., CRC Press. 384.

  • Heath, R. and Claassen, M. 1999. The use of indigenous fish species for the determination of pesticide and heavy metal loads. Water Research Commission Report No 428/1/99, Pretoria. [Cross Reference].

  • Ho, Y.C., Show, K.Y., Guo, X.X., Norli, I., Alkarkhi Abbas, F.M. and Morad, N. 2012. Industrial discharge and their effect to the environment. In: Show, K. Y. (ed.). Industrial Waste. InTech.

  • Ileperuma, O. A. 2000. Environmental pollution in Sri Lnka: a review. Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 28(4): 301-325.

  • Imtiazuddin, S.M., Mumtaz, M. and Mallick, K.A. 2012. Pollutants of wastewater characteristics in textile industries. Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8: 554-556.

  • Karadede, H., Oymak, S.A. and Unlu, E. 2004. Heavy metals in mullet, Liza abu, and catfish, Silurus triostegus, from the Ataturk Dam Lake (Euphrates), Turkey. Environment International, 30: 183-188.

  • Karthikeyan, S., Jambulingam, M., Sivakumar, P., Shekhar, A.P. and Krithika, J. 2006. Impact of textile effluents on fresh water fish Mastacembelus armatus (Cuv. & Val). E. Journal of Chemistry, 3(4): 303-306.

  • Kowsalya, R., Karrunakaran, C.M., Deecaraman, M., Uma, A. and Singh, S. 2013. Histopathological study on the effects of textile effluents in the gills of fresh water fish common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linn). International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 4(4B): 55-58.

  • Lacasse, K. and Baumann, W. 2004. Textile Chemicals: Environmental Data and Facts. Germany: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, pp.1184.

  • Lopes, P.A., Pinheiro, T., Santos, M.C., Da Luz, M.M., CollaresPereira, M.J. and Viegas-Crespo, A.M. 2001. Response of antioxidant enzymes in fresh water fish populations (Leuciscus alburnoides complex) to inorganic pollutants exposure. Science of the Total Environment, 280(1-3): 153-163.

  • Marechal, A.M.L., Križanec, B., Vajnhandl, S. and Valh, J.V. 2012. Textile finishing industry as an important source of organic pollutants. In: Puzyn, T. (ed.). Organic Pollutants Ten Years After the Stockholm Convention-Environmental and Analytical Update. InTech Publications, pp. 29-54.

  • Mayer, F.L., Versteeg, D.J., McKee, M.J., Folmar, L.C., Graney, R.L., McCume, D.C. and Rattner, B.A. 1992. Metabolic products as biomarkers. In: Huggett, R.J., Kimerly, R.A., Mehrle, P.M., Jr, Bergman, H.L. (eds.). Biomarkers: Biochemical, Physiological and Histological Markers of Anthropogenic Stress. Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI, USA, pp.5-86.

  • Nabi Bidhendi, G.R., Torabian, A., Ehsani, H. and Razmkhah, N. 2007. Evaluation of industrial dyeing wastewater treatment with coagulants and polyelectrolyte as a coagulant aid. Iranian Journal of Environment Health Science and Engineering, 4(1): 29-36.

  • Narbonne, J. F. 2000. History- biological basis of the use of biomarkers in ecotoxicology. In: Lagadic, L., Caquet, Th., Amiard, J.C. and Ramade. F. (eds). Use of Biomarkers for Environmental Quality Assessment. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. pp. 1-7.

  • Nikalje, S.B., Muley, D.V. and Angadi, S.M. 2012. Histopathological changes in liver of freshwater major carp, Labeo rohita after acute and chronic exposure to textile mill effluent. The Bioscan, 7(2): 215-220.

  • Novotny, C., Dias, N., Kapanen, A., Malachova, K., Vandrovcova, M., Itavaara, M. and Lima, N. 2006. Comparative use of bacterial, algal and protozoan tests to study toxicity of azo and anthraquinone dyes. Chemosphere, 63(9): 1436-1442.

  • NRC: Committee on Biological Markers of the National Research Council. 1987. Biological markers in environmental health research. Environmental Health Perspectives, 74: 3-9.

  • Olaganathan, R. and Patterson J. 2013. Effect of anthraquinone dyes on the carbohydrate, protein and lipid content in the muscle of Channa punctatus and Cyprinus carpio. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Applications, 4(1): 11-19.

  • Osman, A.G.M., Abd-El-Reheem, A.B.M., Abuel Fadi, K.Y. and Gad El-Rab, A.G. 2010. Enzymatic and histopathologic biomarkers as indicators of aquatic pollution in fishes. Natural Science, 2(11): 1302-1311.

  • Pandey, K., Shukla, J.P. and Trivedi, S.P. 2005. Fundamentals of Toxicology. New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd,, Kolkata, pp. 89-90.

  • Peakall, D.B. 1994. The role of biomarkers in environmental assessment (1) introduction. Ecotoxicology, 3(3): 157-160.

  • Pereira, L., Fernades, M.N. and Martinez, C.B.R. 2013. Hematological and biochemical alterations in the fish Prochilodus lineatus caused by the herbicide clomazone. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 36(1): 1-8.

  • Perera, B.I.G. and Pathiratne, A. 2010. Multiple biomarker responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to textile industry effluents reaching Bolgoda North Lake, Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 15: 1-11.

  • Philips, D. 1996. Environmentally friendly, productive and reliable: priorities for cotton dyes and dyeing processes. Journal of Society of Dyers and Colourists, 112: 183-186.

  • Powers, D. 1989. Fish as model systems. Science, 246(4928): 352-358.

  • Rathore, J. 2011. Assessment of water quality of River Bandi affected by textile dyeing and printing effluents, Pali, Western Rajasthan, India. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2(2): 572-580.

  • Ravi, D., Rajamohan, S., Parthasarathy, R. and Vijayabharathi, V. 2013. Effect of raw and treated dye industrial effluent on pulse crop. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 3(11): 37-40.

  • Sanyal, T., Kaviraj, H. and Saha, S. 2015. Deposition of chromium in aquatic ecosystem from effluents of handloom textile industries in Ranaghat- Fulia region of West Bengal, India. Journal of Advanced Research, 6(6): 995-1002.

  • Sarkar, A., Ray, D., Amulya, N. Shrivastava and Sarker, S. 2006. Molecular biomarkers: Their significance and application in marine pollution monitoring. Ecotoxicology, 15(4): 333-340.

  • Savin, I. and Butnaru, R. 2008. Waste water characteristics in textile finishing mills. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 7(6): 859-864.

  • Selvaraj, D., Leena, R. and Kamal. D.C. 2015. Toxicological and histopathological impacts of textile dyeing industry effluent on a selected teleost fish Poecilia reticulata. Asian Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 03(10): 26-30.

  • Shiozawa, T., Suyama, K., Nakano, K., Nukaya, H., Sawanishi, H. and Oguri, A. 1999. Mutagenic activity of 2-phenylbenzotriazole derivatives related to a mutagen, PBTA-1, in river water. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene-sis, 442(2): 105-111.

  • Singh, N., Sharma, B. and Bohra, P. 2000. Impact assessment of industrial effluent of arid soils by using satellite imageries. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 28(2): 79-92.

  • Siroka Z. and Drastichova J. 2004. Biochemical markers of aquatic environment contamination cytochrome P450 in fish-a review. Acta Veterinaria BRNO, 73: 123-132.

  • Sreejai, R. and Jaya, D.S. 2010. Studies on the changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in fishes exposed to hydrogen sulfide. Toxicology International, 17(2): 71-77.

  • Stegeman, J.J. and Hahn, M.E. 1994. Biochemistry and molecular biology of monooxygenase: current perspective on forms, functions, and regulation of cytochrome P450 in aquatic species. In: Malins, D.C. and Ostrander, G.K. (eds.) Aquatic Toxicology: Molecular, Biochemical and Cellular Perspectives. Lewis Publishers, CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 87-206.

  • Svobodova, Z. 1997. Fish-an important indicator of surface water pollution. Abstract from the ERA Conference, pp. 158-165.

  • Tamburlini, G., Ehrenstein, O.V. and Bertollini, R. 2002. Children’s health and environment: a review of evidence. In: Environmental issue Report No. 129. WHO/European Environment Agency, WHO, Geneva, 223.

  • Tufekci, N., Sivri, N. and Toroz, I. 2007. Pollutants of textile industry wastewater and assessment of its discharge limits by water quality standards. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 7(2): 97-103.

  • Tulasi, S.J., Reddy, P.U. and Rao, J.V.R. 1992. Accumulation of lead and effects on total lipid derivatives in the fresh water fish, Anabus testudineus (Bloch). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 23(1): 33-38.

  • Tuvikene, A., Huuskonen, S., Roy, S. and Lindstrom-Seppa, P. 1996.

  • Biomonitoring of South Estonian waters by means of xenobiotic metabolism of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, 114: 171-177.

  • UNSD 2013. United Nations Statistics Division. Under United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA). Report.

  • USITC 1994. United States International Trade Commission, Synthetic Organic Chemicals US Production and Sales.

  • Van Der Oost, R., Van Schooten, F.J., Ariese, F., Heida, H., Satumalay, K. and Vermeulen, N.P.E. 1995. Bioaccumulation, biotransformation and DNA binding of PAHs in feral eel (Anguilla anguilla), exposed to polluted sediments: a field survey. Marine Environmental Research, 39(1-4): 368.

  • Van der Oost, R., Opperhuizen, A., Satumalay, K., Heida, H. and Vermeulen, N.P.E. 1996. Biomonitoring aquatic pollution with feral eel (Anguilla anguilla): I. Bioaccumulation: biota sediment ratios of PCBs, OCPs, PCDDs and PCDFs. Aquatic Toxicology, 35(1): 21-46.

  • Van-der-Oost, R., Beyer, J. and Vermeulan, N.P.E. 2003. Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: a review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13(2): 57-149.

  • Wepener, W. 1997. Metal ecotoxicology of the Ohfant River in the Kruger National Park and the effect there of on fish haematology. Ph.D. Thesis, Rand Afrikaans University, South Africa.

  • White, R.D., Shea, D. and Stegeman, J.J. 1997. Metabolism of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist 3,3,4,4’-tetrachlorobiphenyl by the marine fish scup (Stenotomus chrysops) in vivo and in vitro. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 25(5): 564-572.

  • WHO International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) 1993. Biomarkers and risk assessment: concepts and principles. Environmental Health Criteria 155, World Health Organization, Geneva.

  • World Bank 2007. Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines for textile manufacturing, International Finance Corporation, World Bank Group.


Abstract Views: 229

PDF Views: 0




  • The Use of Fish Biomarkers for Assessing Textile Effluent Contamination of Aquatic Ecosystems:A Review

Abstract Views: 229  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

N. Athira
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Kerala, India
D. S. Jaya
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Kerala, India

Abstract


The effluent emission from textile industries has become a foremost concern in accordance with the growth of global industrial sectors. Although the textile industries have a major role in economic development, they cause quality deterioration of ecosystems. Several studies have discussed the environmental consequences of textile effluents and attempted to characterize the textile wastewaters. The main pollutants formed from the textile industry include dyes, surfactants, salts, metal complexes, biocides, hydrocarbons, resins, waxes, etc. Most of the pollutants are of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds of stable complicated structure with non-degradability. The water contaminated with textile effluents shows massive variation in water quality. The methods based on qualitative and quantitative observations of living organisms in their natural habitats were efficient in compensating deficiencies of physico-chemical analysis. Therefore, the biological approach arrived in the water quality determination such as bioindicators and biomarkers. Fish are particularly sensitive to the water contamination and, therefore, pollutants may significantly interfere with several of their biochemical processes. So the recent trend in biomarker studies focuses on the behavioural, physiological and biochemical changes of fish. In this review, the impacts of textile effluents on freshwater ecosystems and the fish biomarkers (biochemical, haematological, histological parameters) used for the assessment of these undesirable changes have been discussed.

Keywords


Biomarkers, Dyes, Organic Chemicals, Textile Effluent, Toxicity.

References