Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health

Kalsoom Tariq ¹, Rukiya Tariq ², Abdullah Hussain ³, Maryam Shahid ⁴

Affiliations
1 Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Public Health, Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, PK
2 Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, PK
3 Services Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, PK
4 PG Trainee in Pediatric Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, PK

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the most used applications on smartphone among school going children (5-16 years). Study Design and Setting: Descriptive cross sectional study comprised of five months (April 2017 to July 2017); concerned community survey i.e. door to door data collection method was carried out in Lahore, Pakistan. Material and Methods: Multistage cluster sampling technique was used. 6200 school going children were selected, 4030 (65%) respond to the study and remaining 2170 (35%) do not respond to the study (excluded from the research). Among 4030 school going children, 2889 (71.7%) were smartphone users (included in the analysis) and 1141 (28.3%) do not use smartphone (excluded in the analysis). Among 2889 school going smartphone users, 1993 (69%) were short term smartphone users and 896 (31%) were long term smartphone users. Descriptive statistics and Bivariate logistic regression was applied on the gathered data. Results: Significant associations were found. The use of smartphone for messaging have p-value = 0.19, for Facebook p-value = 0.11, for WhatsApp p-value = 0.043, for playing games p-value < 0.001, for listening music p-value = 0.049, for watching videos and movies p-value = 0.030, for alarm purpose p-value = 0.001 and for camera purpose p-value = 0.015. Conclusion: The research findings showed that most used applications on smartphone among school going children (5-16 years) were WhatsApp and used smartphone for playing games, listening music, watching videos and movies, alarm and camera purpose with respect to which the study was concise.

Keywords

Short Term Smartphone Usage, Long Term Smartphone Usage, Applications, School Going Children.

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Rukiya Tariq ¹, Ahmed Tariq ², Kalsoom Tariq ³, Ayesha Shahid ⁴, Maryam Shahid ⁵, Abdullah Hussain ⁶

Affiliations
1 Public Health, Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PK
2 House Officer, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PK
3 Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Public Health, Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PK
4 PG Trainee in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, PK
5 PG Trainee in Pediatric Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, PK
6 Medical Officer, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, PK

Abstract

Objective: To observe association of factors such as nutritional factors, physical activities and systemic factors with overweight and obesity among 25 to 60 years old women. Study Design: A quantitative household survey. Place and Duration: The survey was carried out in all ten towns of Lahore, Pakistan from 4th January 2016 to 4th May 2016. Methodology: The research investigated 3239 women (25 to 60 years of age) through multistage sampling technique; from which two neighboring localities were randomly selected; found 1106 women were overweight and 449 were obese whereas, 1684 females were normal weights who were excluded from the research study. Results: Factors were found significantly associated with overweight and obesity. Among nutritional factors such as fast food and snacks have p-value 0.000, whereas, daily food intakes have p-value 0.001. Physical activities such as housework activities have p-value 0.000; whereas, both regular exercise and time spent on TV/Computer per day have p-values 0.001. Systemic factors such as systemic diseases have p-value 0.001 whereas family history of overweight and obesity and women using medications both have p-value 0.000. Conclusion: The study concluded that overweight and obesity was positively associated with nutritional factors, physical activities and factors such as genetics, use of medications and systemic diseases among women 25-60 years.

Keywords

Household Survey, Nutritional Factors, Obesity, Overweight, Physical Activities, Systemic Factors.

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