Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Ahmed, Imtiaz
- Effects of Sodium-Heparin and Dipotassium EDTA on the Haematological Parameters and Blood Cell Morphology of Freshwater Fish Schizothorax labiatus (Mcclelland, 1842)
Abstract Views :612 |
PDF Views:325
Authors
Imtiaz Ahmed
1,
Amir Maqbool
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J.K., IN
1 Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J.K., IN
Source
Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, Vol 14, No 3-4 (2014), Pagination: 121-126Abstract
The present study was conducted with an aim of evaluating the effects of sodium-heparin (20 I.U/ml) and di-potassium EDTA (1.0mg/ml) on the haematological parameters and blood cell morphology of freshwater fish Schizothorax labiatus. For blood sampling, fifteen fishes of uniform weight (250 ± 18.5 g) and length (25 ± 2.1 cm) were selected. All the haematological analysis were carried out immediately after sampling. An increase in the haematocrit level was observed in the samples collected with K2EDTA. Red blood cell counts were lower in K2EDTA collected samples as compared to heparinized samples. The WBC counts and haemoglobin concentrations did not differ significantly (p>0.05). Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased in K2EDTA sample, while a significant decrease (p2EDTA as compared to heparinized sample. There was however, no significant difference (p>0.05) observed in WBC and thrombocyte area of K2EDTA and heparinized sample. The present study suggests the use of Na-heparin as a preferred anticoagulant for routine haematological analysis of fish blood.Keywords
Sodium–Peparin, Di-potassium EDTA, Haematological Analysis, Cell Morphology.Full Text
- Length Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Freshwater Snow Trout, Schizothorax Niger (Heckel 1838) from Dal Lake of Kashmir Himalayas
Abstract Views :275 |
PDF Views:134
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J.K, IN
1 Department of Zoology, Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J.K, IN
Source
Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, Vol 16, No 1-2 (2016), Pagination: 22-26Abstract
Typically, growth can be defined as the change in size (length, weight) over time. The length-weight relationship (LWR) and annual condition factor of an economically important snow trout, Schizothorax niger, from Dal lake of Kashmir was studied and reported in this communication. A total of 120 specimens were collected with the help of traditional fishing gear during 2012-2013. The coefficient ‘b’ value of the LWR suggested allometric growth throughout the year except in April, July and September where the growth was isometric (b=3). A trend line graph was applied to compare condition of fish in different months as per the relationship, which indicated declining growth condition. The condition factor showed an overt variation with highest value during the breeding season. The result obtained in this study will be useful for fishery managers to impose adequate regulations for fishery and sustainable management.Keywords
Condition Factor, Dal Lake, Length-Weight Relationship, S. niger.Full Text
References
- Allen K. R. (1938) Some Observation on the Biology of the Trout (Salmo truta) in Windermere. J. Anim. Ecol., 7, 333-349.
- Agusa T., Kunito T., Sudaryanto A., Monirith I., Kan-Atireklap S., Iwata H., Ismail, A., Sanguansin J., Muchtar M., Tana T.S. and Tanabe S. (2007) Exposure Assessment for Trace Elements from Consumption of Marine Fish in Southeast Asia. Environ. Poll., 145, 766-777.
- Bashir A., Sharma N. K., Bisht B. S., Singh R., Mir J. I. and Akhtar M. S. (2016) Length-Weight Relationship of Five Commercially Important Freshwater Fish Species in the Kashmir Valley, India, J. Appl. Ichthyol., 32, 740-741.
- Carlander K. (1969) Handbookof Freshwater Fishery Biology. (eds, IA Iowa Ames). State University Press, pp: 557.
- Dar S. A., Najar, A. M., Balkhi M. H., Rather M. A. and Sharma R. (2012) Length Weight Relationship and Relative Condition Factor of Schizopyge esocinus (Heckel, 1838) from Jhelum River, Kashmir. Inter. J. Aquat. Sci., 3, 29-36.
- Edah B. A., Akande A. O., Ayo-Olalusi C. and Olusola A. (2010) Computed The Wet Weight-Dry Weight Relationship of Oreochromis niloticus, Tilapia. Inter. J. Food Saf., 12, 109-116.
- Figueiredo-Garuti M.L. and Garuti V. (1991) Total Condition Factor and Somatic Condition Factor for Females Astyanax Bimaculatus (Pisces, Characidae), Coming from the Northwest Region of Sao Paulo, Parana River Basin. IX Brazilian Meeting of Ichthyology pp: 62.
- Froese R. (2006) Cube law, Condition factor and Weight- Length Relationship: History, Meta-analysis and Recommendations. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 22, 241-253.
- Fulton T. W. (1904) The Rate of Growth of Fishes. Twenty Second Annual Report Part III. Fish. Board Scot. Edinb., 141-241.
- Goel C. Barat A., Pande V., Ali S. and Kumar R. (2011) Length-Weight Relationship of Snow Trout (Schizothorax richardsonii) Based on Linear and Nonlinear Models from Hill Stream Uttarakhand, India. World. J. Fish Mar. Sci., 3, 485-488.
- Heckel J.J. (1838) Fische aus Cashmir. Carl Freiherrn V. Hugel, Wien.
- Khan M. A. and Sabah (2013) Length–Weight and Length–Length Relationships for Five Fish Species from Kashmir Valley. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 29, 283–284.
- Kleanthids P. K., Sinis A. I. and Stergiou K. I. (1999) Length-Weight Relationships of Freshwater Fishes in Greece. Naga, ICLARM Q., 22, 37-41
- LeCren E. D. (1951) The Length-Weight Relationship and Seasonal Cycle in Gonad Weight and Condition in the Perch (Perca fluviatilis). J. Anim. Ecol., 20, 201-219.
- Mir J. I., Sarkar U. K., Dwivedi A. K., Gusain O. P., Pal A. and Jena J. K. (2012) Pattern of Intra Basin Variation in Condition Factor, Relative Condition Factor and Form Factor of an Indian Major Carp, Labeo Rohita (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) in the Ganges Basin, India. Europ. J. Biol. Sci. 4, 126-135.
- Mir F. A., Mir J.I., Patiyal R.S. and Kumar P. (2014) Length-Weight Relationships of Four Snow Trout Species from the Kashmir Valley in India. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 30, 1103-1104.
- Ricker W. E. (1973) Linear Regressions in Fishery Research. Fish. Res Board Canada 30, 409-439.
- Shamsan, E.F. and Ansari, Z.A. (2010) Study of Age and Growth of Indian Sand Whiting, Sillago Sihama (Forsskal) from Zuari Estuary, Goa. Indian J. Mar. Sci., 39, 1-5 Sarkar U. K., Deepak P. K. and Negi R. S. (2008) Length–Weight Relationship of Clown Knife Fish Chitala chitala (Hamilton 1822) from the Ganga Basin, India. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 25, 232-233.
- Sarkar U. K., Deepak P. K. and Negi R. S. (2009) Length–Weight Relationship of Clown Knife Fish Chitala Chitala (Hamilton 1822) from the River Ganga Basin India. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 25, 232-233.
- Seshappa, G. (1999). Recent Studies on Age Determination of Indian Fishes, using Scale, Otolith and other Hard Parts. Indian J. Fish, 46, 1-11.
- Wootton, R. J. (1990). Ecology of Teleost Fishes. Chapman and Hall, London.
- Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Schizothorax plagiostomus found in River Jhelum from Kashmir Valley
Abstract Views :296 |
PDF Views:125
Authors
Affiliations
1 Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar – 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
1 Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar – 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
Source
Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, Vol 18, No 3-4 (2018), Pagination: 66-72Abstract
Length weight relationship is important in describing several biological aspects of fish species found under cultured and natural condition. Length weight relationship provides information about whether somatic growth was isometric or allometric. While condition factor provide information about the well being fish. In the present study the individuals of Schizothorax plagiostomus were collected from river Jhelum from different locations for the determination of length weight relationship and condition factor during the period of 2014–2016. Length weight relationship was computed using the equation W = aLb, which was further transformed into LogW = Loga + bLog L. Results showed that the value of b in length weight relationship of male S. plagiostomus ranged from 2.316–2.965, while in female fishes the value of b ranged from 2.01–3.66. The results clearly show allometric type of growth in male and isometric type of growth in females. The regression coefficient between males and female did not shows any significant difference, (p > 0.05) whereas significant difference (P < 0.01) could be noticed between males and between females (p < 0.01). However, condition factor (K) of S. plagiostomus fluctuates between 0.82–1.58 in male and between 0.870–1.31 in female, indicating the robustness of the fish inhabiting in river Jhelum.Keywords
Condition Factor, Jhelum, Length Weight, Schizothorax plagiostomus.Full Text
References
- Achakzai WM, Saddozai S, Baloch WA,Memon N. Length-weight Relationships and condition factor of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) from Manchar lake Distt. Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Sindh University Research Journal-SURJ Science Series. 2013; 45:201–6.
- Ahmed KK, Saha SB. Length–weight Relationships of major carps in Kapati Lake, Bangladesh. Naga ICLARM Q. 1996; 19:28.
- Ali S, Barat A, Kumar P, Sati J, Kumar R, Haldar RS. Study of the Length-weight Relationship and condition factor for the Golden Mahseer, Tor putitora from Himalayan rivers of India. Journal of Environmental Biology. 2014; 35:225–8.
- Allen K. R. Some observation on the biology of the trout (Salmo trutta) in Windermere. Journal of Animal Ecology. 1938; 7: 333–349.
- Bagenal TB, Braum E. Eggs and early life history. Methods for assessment of fish production in freshwaters, Bagenal TB. ed. IBP (International Biological Program) Handbook. 1978; 3:165–201.
- Bagenal TB, Tesch FW. Age and growth. Bagenal, T. Ed. Methods of Assessment of fish Production in fresh waters. Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publication. 1978. p. 101–36.
- Beyer JE. On Length-weight Relationships: Part II. Computing mean weights from length statistics. Fish byte. 1991; 9:50–4.
- Bhagath MJ, Sunder S. A preliminary notes on Length-weight Relationship and condition factor Schizothorax plagiostomus (Heckel, 1883) from Jammu region. Journal of Inland Fisheries Society of India. 1983; 15:73–4.
- Bhat FA, Yousuf AR, Balkhi MH, Mahdi MD, Shah FA. Lengthweight Relationship and morphometric characteristics of Schizothorax spp. in the river Lidder of Kashmir. Indian Journal of Fisheries., 2010; 57:73–6.
- Chatterji A. Siddiqui AQ, Khan AA. Length-weight Relationship of a carp, Labeo bata (Ham.). Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences. 1977; 86:189–94.
- Copp GH, Vladimir K, Hensel K. When do fishes become juveniles? Developments in Environmental Biology of Fishes, 19, Springer Science and Business Media 286. 2013.
- Dar SA, Najar AM, Balkhi MH, Rather MA, Sharma R. Lengthweight Relationship and relative condition factor of Schizopyge esocinus (Heckel, 1838) from Jhelum river Kashmir. International Journal of Aquatic Science. 2012; 3:29–36.
- Dhanze R, Dhanze JR. Biology of scale and grass carp, Lengthweight Relationship and growth performance under the agro climate zone of Himachal Pradesh. Indian Journal of Fisheries. 1997; 44:255–63.
- Fafioye OO, Oluajo OA. . Length-weight Relationships of five fish species in Epelago on Nigeria. African Journal Biotechnology. 2005; 4:749–51. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2005.000-3136.
- Froese R. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationship: History, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2006; 22:241–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x.
- Fulton TW. The rate of growth of fishes. Twenty-second Annual Report Part III. Fisheries Board of Scotland, Edinburgh.1904; 3:141–241.
- Haniffa MA, Nagarajan M, Gopalakrishnan A. Length-weight Relationships of Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793) from Western Ghats rivers of Tamil Nadu. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2006; 22:308–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00779.x.
- Hossain MY, Rahman MM, Fulanda B, Jewel MAS, Ahmed F, Ohtomi J. Length-weight and length-length Relationships of five threatened fish species from the Jamuna (Brahmaputra river tributary) river, northern Bangladesh. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2012; 28:275–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01900.x.
- Hossain, MY, Sayed SRM, Mosaddequr RM, Ali MM, Hossen MA, Elgorban AM, Ohtomi J. Length–weight Relationships of nine fish species from the Tetulia river, southern Bangladesh. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2015; 31:967–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12823.
- Iqbal MJ, Kumar SU, Prakash GO, Kumar DA. Lengthweight Relationships of the India Major Carp, Labeo rohita (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from six drainages of Ganga basin, India. Cuadernos de Investigacion. 2015; 7:71–8. https://doi.org/10.22458/urj.v7i1.864.
- Jhingran VG. Studies on the age and growth of Cirrhina mrigala (Ham.) from the river Ganga. Proceeding of National Institute of Sciences, India. 1959; 52:107–37.
- Jobling M. Environmental factors and rates of development and growth. Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries, 1. Hart, P.J.B, and Reynolds, J.D. Eds. Blackwell Publishing; 2002. p: 107–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470693803.ch5.
- Kashyap A, Awasthi M, Arshad M, Serajuddin M. Length-weight, length-length Relationship and condition factor of freshwater murrel, Channa punctatus from Northern and Eastern regions of India. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences. 2015; 7:164–70.
- Khan RA. Studies on the biology of some important major carps. [Unpublished Ph. D. Thesis], Aligarh Muslim University. 1972.
- Le Cren ED. The Length-weight Relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the pearch (Perca fluviatilis). Journal of Animal Ecology, 1951; 20:201–19. https://doi.org/10.2307/1540.
- Malhotra SK. Bionomics of the hill stream Cyprinids I. Food, parasites and Length-weight Relationship of Labeodyo chilus. Proceedings of Indian Academy of Science. 1985; 94:377–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03186344.
- Malhotra SK, Chauhan RS. Bionomics of hill stream Cyprinids IV. Length-weight Relationship of Labeo dero (Ham.) from India. Proceeding of Indian Academy of Science. 1984; 93:411–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03186288.
- Malhotra SL. Bionomics of hill stream Cyprinids III. Food, parasites and Length-weight Relationship of Garwhal mahaseer, Tor tor (Ham). Proceeding of Indian Academy of Science. 1982; 91:479–85.
- Mir JI, Shabir R, Mir FA. Length-weight Relationship and condition factor of Schizopyge curvifrons (Heckel, 1838) from river Jhelum, Kashmir, India. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences. 2012; 4:325–9.
- Miranda R, Galicia D, Monks S, Pulido-Flores G. Weight–length Relationships of some native freshwater fishes of Hidalgo. State, Mexico Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2009; 25:620–1. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01319.x.
- Mortuza G. Length-weight Relationships of twelve fishes from the river Padma near Rajshahi city, Bangladesh. Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture. 2015; 6:1–2. https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.10000113.
- Mortuza MG, Almisned FA. Length-weight Relationships, condition factor and sex-ratio of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in Wadi Hanifah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Continental Journal of Biological Science. 2013; 6:1–5.
- Moutopoulos DK, Stergiou KI. Length-weight and length-length Relationships of fish species from the Aegean Sea, Greece. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2002; 18:200–3. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2002.00281.x.
- Muchlisin ZA, Musman M, Siti Azizah MN. Length–weight Relationships and condition factors of two threatened fishes, Rasbora tawarensis and Poropuntius tawarensis endemic to Lake Laut Tawar, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2010; 26:949–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01524.x.
- Natarajan AV, Jhingran AG. On the biology of Catla catla (Ham.) from the river Jamuna. Proceeding of National Institute of Sciences, India. 1963; 298:327–55.
- Nile Z, Wu H, Wei J, Zhang X, Ma Z. Length-weight relationship and morphological studies in the kashgarian loach Triplophysa yarkandensis (Day, 1877) from the Tarim river, Tarim river basin, North-West China. Indian Journal of Fisheries. 2013; 60: 15–19.
- Pathak BC, Serajuddin MA. Comparative study of Length-weight Relationship and condition factor of lesser spiny Eel, Macrognathus aculeatus (Bloach) from the different river basins of India. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences. 2015; 7:82–6.
- Pathak BC, Zahid M, Serajuddin M. Length-weight, length-length Relationship of the spiny Eel, Macrognathus pancalus (Hamilton 1822) sampled from Ganges and Brahmaputra river basins, India. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences. 2013; 12:170–82.
- Patiyal RS, Lal KK, Punia P, Singh AK, Mir JI. Length-weight Relationship and condition factor of five wild freshwater fish species from river Ganga in India. Journal of Eco Physiology and Occupational Health. 2013; 3:7–11.
- Pauly D. Some simple methods for the assessment of tropical fish stocks. FAO. Fisheries Technology. FAO, Rome; 1983. p. 234
- Pervin MR, Mortuza MG. Notes on Length-weight Relationship and condition factor of fresh water fish, Labeo boga (Hamilton) (Cypriiformes: Cyprinidae). Journal Zoology Rajshahi University. 2008; 27:97–8.
- Petrakis G, Stergious KI. Weight-length Relationship for 33 fish species in Greek waters. Fish Research. 1995; 21:465–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-7836(94)00294-7.
- Qadri MY, Yousuf AR. Influence of physico-chemical factors on the seasonality of cladocera in lake Manasbal. Geobios. 1980; 7:273–6.
- Radkhah A, Eagderi S. Length-weight and length-length Relationships and condition factor of six cyprinid fish species of Zarrineh river (Urmia Lake basin, Iran). Iranian Journal of Ichthyology. 2015; 2:61–4.
- Ricker WE. Linear regressions in fishery research. Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 1973; 30: 409–439.
- Ruiz-Campos G, Ramirez-Valdez A, Gonzalez S, GonzalezAcosta AF, Acosta Zamorano D. Length-weight and length-length relationship for nine rocky tidal pool fishes along the pacific coast of the Baja california Peninsula, Mexico. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2010; 26: 118–119.
- Sarkar S, Pressey RL, Faith DP, Margules CR, Fuller T, Stoms DM, Moffett A, Wilson KA, Williams KJ, Williams PH, Andelman S. Biodiversity conservation planning tools: Present status and challenges for the future. Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 2006; 31:123–59. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.31.042606.085844.
- Sarkar UK, Deepak PK, Negi RS. Length–weight Relationship of clown knife fish Chitala chitala (Hamilton 1822) from the river Ganga basin India. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2009; 25:232– 3. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01206.x.
- Sekitar PK, Hamid MA, Mansor M, Siti-Azizah MN. Lengthweight Relationship and condition factor of fish populations in Temengor reservoir: Indication of Environmental Health. Sains Malaysiana. 2015; 44:61–6. https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2015-4401-09.
- Serajuddin M, Prasad L, Pathak BC. Comparative study of Length-weight Relationship of freshwater murrel, Channa punctatus (Bloch1793) from lotic and lentic environments. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences. 2013; 5:233–8.
- Sunil MS. Length-weight Relationship in Rasbora danicnius (Ham.) from Achenkoli river, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India. Indian Journal of Fisheries. 2000; 47:271–4.
- Teixeira-de Mello F, Eguren G. Prevalence and intensity of blackspot disease in fish community from a subtropical stream (Santa Lucia river basin, Uruguay). Limnetica. 2008; 27:251–8.
- Teixeira-de Mello F, Iglesias C, Borthagaray AI, Mazzeo N, Vilches J, et al. Onthogenic allometric coefficient changes. Implicances of diet shift and morphometric attributes in Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch) (Characiforme, Erythrinidae). Journal of Fish Biology. 2006; 69:1770–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01245.x.
- Yousuf AR, Bhat FA, Mahdi D, Ali S, Ahangar MA. Food and feeding habits of Glyptosternon reticulatum McClelland and Griffth in Torrential streams of Kashmir Himalayas. Journal of Research Development. 2003; 3:124–33.
- Zhulan N, Wu H, Wei J, Zhang X, Ma Z. Length-weight Relationship and morphological studies in the kashgarian loach Triplophysa yarkandensis (Day, 1877) from the Tarim river, Tarim river basin, North-West China. Indian Journal of Fishes. 2013; 60:15–9
- Length Weight Relationship (LWR) and Condition Factor (K) of Brown Trout, Salmo trutta fario
Abstract Views :269 |
PDF Views:120
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar – 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
1 Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar – 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
Source
Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, Vol 18, No 3-4 (2018), Pagination: 73-79Abstract
Length-weight relationships and condition factor of Salmo trutta fario (Brown trout) at Kokernag trout fish farm, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir was estimated for a period of one year. During the present study the fish samples was within the range of 30cm to 45.8cm in length and 250g to 750g in weight were originally used to provide information on the condition of fish and to determine whether somatic growth was isometric or allometric. The relationship was analysed using the formula W = a Lb which was further transformed into Log W = a + b log L. The equation obtained for females was log W= 1.61 + 3.33 logL and for males was log W = 1.81 + 3.22 logL. Females show 'b' value slight more than males. Studies on condition factor revealed that the fluctuations in K values can be attributed to the spawning cycle. The condition factor 'K' was above 1 indicating robustness or well being of the experimental fish.Keywords
Condition Factor, Length-Weight Relationship, Salmo trutta fario.Full Text
References
- Abowei JFN. The condition factor, length-weight relationship and abundance of Elops senegalensis (Regan, 1909) from Nkoro river, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology. 2010; 2:16-21.
- Ackman RG. Nutritional composition of fats in sea food. Progress in Food and Nutrition Science. 1989; 13:161-241. PMid:2699043
- Bagenal TB and Tesch FW. Conditions and growth patterns in fresh water habitats. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK. 1978; p. 75- 89.
- Bhagath MJ and Sunder S. A preliminary notes on length-weight relationship and condition factor Schizothorax plagiostomus (Heckel, 1883) from Jammu region. Journal of Inland Fisheries Society of India. 1983; 15:73-4.
- Bhat FA, Yousuf AR, Balkhi MH, Mahdi MD and Shah FA. Length-weight relationship and morphometric characteristics of Schizothorax spp. in the river Lidder of Kashmir. Indian Journal of Fisheries. 2010; 57:73-6.
- Brown ML and Murphy BR. Standard weight (WS) development for striped bass, white bass and hybrid bass. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 1991; 11: 451–467.
- Dav SA, Najar AM, Balkhi MH, Rather MA and Sharma R. Length weight relationship and relative condition factor of Schizophyge escocinus (Heckel 1838) from Thelum river Kashmir. International Journal of Aquatic Science. 2012; 3: 29–36.
- Day F. The fishes of India, being a natural history of the fishes known to inhabit the seas and fresh waters of India, Burma and Cylone reproduced in 1958. London: Willaim Dowen and sons. 1878; p. 778.
- Demirel N and Dalkara EM. Weight-length relationships of 28 fish species in the Sea of Marmara. Turkish Journal of Zoology. 2012; 36:785-91.
- Edah BA, Akande AO, Ayo-Olalusi C and Olusola A. Computed the wet weight-dry weight relationship of Oreochromis niloticus, Tilapia. International Journal of Food and Safety. 2010; 12:10916.
- Froese R. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationship: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2006; 22:241-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x
- Fulton TW. The rate of growth of fishes. Twenty-second Annual Report Part III. Fisheries Board of Scotland, Edinburgh. 1904; 3:141-241.
- Gumanao GS, Saceda-Cardoza MM, Mueller B and Bos AR. Length-weight and length-length relationships of 139 IndoPacific fish species (Teleostei) from the Davao Gulf, Philippines. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2016; 32:377-85. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12993
- Khan MA and Sabah. Length-weight and length-length relationships for five fish species from Kashmir valley. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2013; 29:283-4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2012.02061.x
- Koutrakis ET and Tsikliras AC. Short communication on lengthweight relationships of fishes from three northern Aegean estuarine systems (Greece). Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2003; 19:258-60. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2003.00456.x
- Kullander SO, Fang F, Delling B and Ahlander E. The fishes of the Kashmir valley, River Jhelum, Kashmir valley. Impacts on the aquatic environment. Nyman L ed. Swedmar, Goteborgs, Lanstryckeri AB, Swedmar. 1999; p. 99-162.
- Le Cren ED. The length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the pearch (Perca fluviatilis). Journal of Animal Ecology. 1951; 20:201-19. https://doi.org/10.2307/1540
- Mir FA, Mir JI, Patiyal RS and Kumar P. Length-weight relationships of four snow trout species from the Kashmir Valley in India. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2014; 30:1103-4. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12482
- Mir JI, Shabir R and Mir FA. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Schizopyge curvifrons (Heckel, 1838) from river Jhelum, Kashmir, India. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences. 2012; 4:325-9.
- Ndiaye W, Diouf K, Samba O, Ndiaye P and Panfili J. The length-weight relationship and condition factor of white grouper (Epinephelusaeneus, Geoffroy saint Hilaire, 1817) at the south-west coast of Senegal, west Africa. International Journal of Advanced Research. 2015; 3:145-53.
- Qadri MY and Mir S. Length-weight relationship of Orienus plagiostomus (McCl). Geobios. 1980; 7:158-9.
- Rawat MS, Bantwan B, Singh D and Gusain OP. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) from river Asiganga, Uttarakhand (India). Journal of Environmental Conservation. 2014; 15:41-6.
- Sarkar UK, Deepak PK and Negi RS. Length-weight relationship of clown knife fish Chitala chitala (Hamilton, 1822) from the Ganga basin. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2008; 25:232-3. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01206.x
- Tesch FW. Age and growth. Methods for Assessment of Fish Production in Fresh waters. Ricker WE ed. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford. 1971; p. 98-130.
- Vass KK. Breeding biology of trout: Cold water aquaculture and fisheries, Narendra publishing house, Delhi. 2000; p. 155-68.
- Length Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Cultured Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walabum, 1792)
Abstract Views :250 |
PDF Views:115
Authors
Affiliations
1 DST Sponsored Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar – 190006, IN
1 DST Sponsored Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar – 190006, IN
Source
Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, Vol 19, No 1-2 (2019), Pagination: 24-27Abstract
A Length Weight Relationship (LWR) and condition factor of cultured rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss was studied. A total of 144 specimens were used obtained from National fish farm Laribal, Dachigam during January 2017 to December 2018. The coefficient ‘b’ value of LWR showed negative allometric (b<3) growth throughout the year except in the months of October and December, where the positive allometric growth pattern was reported (b>3). In order to generate more precise information, a trend line graph was draw to compare condition of fish in different months, which indicated declining growth pattern condition. The condition factor showed an overt variation with highest value was reported during the breeding season. The result obtained in this study will be useful for the improvement of production and quality of trout under cultured condition.
Keywords
Condition Factor, Dachigam, Length Weight Relationship, Oncorhynchus mykiss.Full Text
References
- Cada GF, Loar JM, Sale MJ. Evidence of food limitation of rainbow and brown trout in southern appalachian soft‐water streams, Trans Am Fish Soc. 1987; 116:692–702. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1987)116<692:EOFLOR>2.0.CO;2
- Carlander KD. Handbook of freshwater fishery biology. Dubuque, Iowa: William C. Brown; 1950.
- FAO. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture. Contributing to food security and nutrition for all. 2012. p. 24.
- Figueiredo-Garuti ML, Garuti V. Total condition factor and somatic condition factor for females astyanax bimaculatus (Pisces, Characidae) coming from the Northwest Region of Sao Paulo, Parana River Basin. IX Brazilian Meeting of Ichthyology. 1991. p. 62.
- Froese R. Cube law, condition factor and Weight Length Relationship: History, meta-analysis and recommendations. J Appl Ichthyol. 2006; 22:241–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14390426.2006.00805.x
- Fulton TW. The rate of growth of fishes. Twenty Second Annual Report Part III. Fish. Board Scot. Edinb. 1904. p. 141–241.
- Kleanthids PK, Sinis AI, Stergiou KI. Length Weight Relationships of freshwater fishes in Greece. Naga, ICLARM Q. 1999; 22:37–41.
- LeCren ED. The Length Weight Relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the Perch (Perca fluviatilis). J Anim Ecol. 1951; 20:201–19. https://doi.org/10.2307/1540
- Luther G. Some observations on the biology of Liza macrolepis (Smith) and Mugil cephalus Linnaeus (Mugilidae) with notes on the fishery of grey mullets near Mandapam. Indian J Fish. 1968; 10:642–66.
- Manager F. Laribal Trout Fish Farm Data Book. 2017.
- Mir JI, Sarkar UK, Dwivedi AK,Gusain OP, Pal A and Jena JK. Pattern of intra basin variation in condition factor, relative condition factor and form factor of an Indian Major Carp, Labeo Rohita (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) in the Ganges Basin, India. Europ J Biol Sci. 2012; 4:126–35.
- Petraiks G, Stergiou KI. Weight Length Relationships for 33 fish species in Greek waters. Fish Res. 1995; 21:465–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-7836(94)00294-7
- Pitcher TJ, Hart PJ. Fisheries ecology. London: Chapman and Hall; 1982
- Rabe FW. Seasonal age distributions and maturity stage in a naturalized rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) population in southern Chile reveal an ad-fluvial life history. Northwest Sci. 1967; 41:12–22.
- Sarkar UK, Deepak PK, Negi RS. Length Weight Relationship of clown knife fish Chitala chitala (Hamilton 1822) from the Ganga Basin, India. J Appl Ichthyol. 2008; 25:232–3. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01206.x
- Seshappa G. Recent studies on age determination of Indian fishes using scale, otolith and other hard parts. Indian J Fish. 1999; 46:1–11.
- Shamsan EF, Ansari ZA. Study of age and growth of Indian sand whiting, Sillago Sihama (Forsskal) from Zuari Estuary, Goa. Indian J Mar Sci. 2010; 39:1–5.
- Sharma RK, Bhat RA. Length Weight Relationship, condition factor of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from Kashmir waters. Annals of Biological Research. 2015; 6:25–9.
- Wootton RJ. Ecology of teleost fishes. London: Chapman and Hall; 1990.
- Novel Coronavirus (covid-19) a Ubiquitous Hazard to Human Health: A Review
Abstract Views :222 |
PDF Views:96
Authors
Affiliations
1 DST Sponsored Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir – 190 006, IN
2 Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara - 144411, Punjab, IN
1 DST Sponsored Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir – 190 006, IN
2 Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara - 144411, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, Vol 20, No 3&4 (2020), Pagination: 185-195Abstract
Coronavirus (CoV) belongs to the genus beta coronavirus with its high mutation rate within the family Coronoviridae. The virus is extremely transmittable and its pathogenicity caused infection like SARS-CoV-2. An epidemic of this novel coronavirus was first documented in Wuhan, Hubei province of China in December 2019 and is thus called as COVID-19. A series of pneumonia reports were confirmed and now the cases are escalated throughout the world. Although transmission of this virus from animals to humans is rare, however this new strain most likely came from bats and pangolins. COVID-19 has infected more than 4.5 million people (4,543,060) as of May 15th 2020, 09:50 GMT worldwide and rises continuously, caused the death of 303,707 so far. Till date no vaccine is available to combat this dreadful virus. Though, certain antiviral drugs have being assisted against COVID-19, which results some success. With the fast spread all over the world, fear and panic is gripping people around the globe. It leads to social stigma towards affected people and physiologically hurts by creating more fear. Need of the time is the collective efforts of all developed countries along with WHO to fight against this dreadful virus. The frontline clinicians, public health authorities and epidemiologists must need to come together to stop this infection and save the precious lives. Since the present virus is new to science, therefore in this review, an attempt has been made to establish some facts related to this novel coronavirus from the existing literature.
Keywords
Coronaviruses, COVID-19, Outbreak, Pandemic, VaccineFull Text
References
- Kahn JS, McIntosh K. History and recent advances in coronavirus discovery. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005; 24: S223–S226. doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000188166.17324.60
- Geller C, Varbanov M, Duval RE. Human coronaviruses: insights into environmental resistance and its influence on the development of new antiseptic strategies. Viruses. 2012; 4: 3044–3068. doi:10.3390/v4113044
- de Gischolar_main RJ, Baker SC, Baric R, Enjuanes L, Gorbalenya AE, Holmes KV, Perlman S, Poon L, Rottier PJ, Talbot PJ, Woo PC, Ziebuhr J. Family Coronaviridae. In King AM, Lefkowitz E, Adams MJ, Carstens EB, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, International Union of Microbiological Societies. Virology Division (eds.). Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Oxford: Elsevier. 2011, pp. 806–28. ISBN 978-012-384684-6.
- International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (201008-24). “ICTV Master Species List2009—v10” (http://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/1231/download.aspx) (xls).
- Belouzard S, Millet JK, Licitra BN, Whittaker GR. Mechanisms of Coronavirus Cell Entry Mediated
- by the Viral Spike Protein. Viruses. 2012; 4: 1011– 1033. doi:10.3390/v4061011
- Yang H, Bartlam M, Rao Z. Drug design targeting the main protease, the Achilles’ heel of coronaviruses.
- Curr Pharm Des. 2006; 12: 4573–90. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161206779010369
- Woo PC, Huang Y, Lau SK, Yuen KY. Coronavirus genomics and bioinformatics analysis. Viruses. 2010; 2:1804–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/v2081803
- Sexton NR, Smith EC, Blanc H, Vignuzzi M, Peersen OB, Denison MR. (2016). Homology-Based Identification of a Mutation in the Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase That Confers Resistance to Multiple Mutagens. J Virol. 2016; 90:7415–7428. doi:10.1128/jvi.00080-16
- Fehr AR, Perlman S: Maier HJ, Bickerton E, Britton P (eds.). “Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis” Methods in Molecular Biology. 2015, Springer. 1282; 1–23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1
- ICTV Virus Taxonomy: 2018 Release. 2018. Available online: https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/(accessed on 28 January 2019).
- Chang CK, Lo SC, Wang YS, Hou MH. Recent insights into the development of therapeutics against coronavirus diseases by targeting N protein. Drug Discov Today. 2016; 21: 562–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2015.11.015
- Paules CI, Marston HD, Fauci AS: Coronavirus infections— more than just the common cold. JAMA. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.0757
- Wu Z, Yang L, Ren X, He G, Zhang J, Yang J, et al: Deciphering the bat virome catalog to better understand the ecological diversity of bat viruses and the bat origin of emerging infectious diseases. ISME J. 2016; 10:609–620. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2015.138
- Fan Y, Zhao K, Shi ZL, Zhou P: Bat Coranaviruses in China. Viruses. 2019; 11: 210–223; doi: 10.3390/v11030210
- Drosten C, Gunther S, Preiser W, van der Werf S, Brodt HR, Becker S, Rabenau H, et al. Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348: 1967–1976. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa030747
- Peiris JSM, Lai ST, Poon L, et al. Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet. 2003; 361: 1319–1325. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13077-2
- Saif LJ. Animal coronaviruses: what can they teach us about the severe acute respiratory syndrome? Rev Sci Techno.l 2004; 23: 643–660. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.23.2.1513
- Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, Osterhaus AD, Fouchier RA. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med. 2012; 367: 1814–1820. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1211721
- Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185–9.
- Zhou P, Yang XL, Wang XG, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, Si HR, Zhu Y, Li B, Huang CL, et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7.
- Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, Zhao X, Huang B, Shi W, Lu R, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382: 727–733. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
- Singhal T. A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID19). Indian J Pediatr. 2020; 87: 281–286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6
- Imperial College London. Report 2. estimating the potential total number of novel coronavirus cases in Wuhan City, China. Jan 2020. https://www.imperial.ac.uk/mrcglobalinfectiousdiseaseanalysis/news--wuhan-coronavirus.
- Xinhua. China’s CDC detects a large number of new coronaviruses in the South China seafood market in Wuhan. Available at: https://www.xinhuanet.com/202001/27/c_1125504355.htm. Accessed 20 Feb 2020
- Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395: 497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S01406736(20)30183-5
- Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, et al. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316
- Millet JK, Whittaker GR. Physiological and molecular triggers for SARS-CoV membrane fusion and entry into host cells. Virology. 2018; 517: 3–8. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2017.12.015
- Nash TC, Buchmeier MJ. Entry of mouse hepatitis virus into cells by endosomal and nonendosomal pathways. Virology. 1997; 233: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1997.8609
- Matsuyama S, Ujike M, Morikawa S, Tashiro M, Taguchi F. Protease-mediated enhancement of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2005; 102: 12543–12547. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503203102
- Kubo H, Yamada YK, Taguchi F. Localization of neutralizing epitopes and the receptor-binding site within the aminoterminal 330 amino acids of the murine Coronavirus spike protein. J Virol. 1994; 68: 5403–5410. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.68.9.5403-5410.1994
- Cheng PK, Wong DA, Tong LK, Ip SM, Lo AC, Lau CS, Yeung EY, Lim WW. Viral shedding patterns of coronavirus in patients with probable severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet. 2004; 363: 1699–1700. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16255-7
- Simmons G, Zmora P, Gierer S, Heurich A, Pöhlmann S. Proteolytic activation of the SARS-coronavirus spike protein: cutting enzymes at the cutting edge of antiviral research. Antivir Res. 2013; 100: 605–14. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.09.028
- Zhang QF, Cui JM, Huang XJ, Lin W, Tan DY, Xu JW, Zheng HY. Morphology and morphogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated virus. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica-Chinese edition 2003; 35: 587–591.
- Qinfen Z, Jinming C, Xiaojun H, Huanying Z, Jicheng H, Ling F, Jingqiang Z. The life cycle of SARS coronavirus in Vero E6 cells. J Med Virol. 73: 332–337. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.20095
- Zhou P, Fan H, Lan T, Yang XL, Shi WF, Zhang W, et al. Fatal swine acute diarrhoea syndrome caused by an HKU2related coronavirus of bat origin. Nature. 2018: 556: 255–258. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0010-9
- Shi J, Wen Z, Zhong G, Yang H, et al. Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS–coronavirus 2. Science. doi:10.1126/science.abb7015
- Lam TT, Shum MH, Zhu H, et al. Identifying SARS-CoV-2 related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins. Nature. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2169-0
- Guan Y, Zheng BJ, He YQ, Liu XL, Zhuang ZX, Cheung CL, Luo SW, Li PH, Zhang LJ, Guan YJ, et al. Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China. Science. 2003; 302: 276– 278. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1087139
- Kan B, Wang M, Jing H, Xu H, Jiang X, Yan M, Liang W, Zheng H, Wan K, Liu Q, et al. Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms. J Virol. 2005; 79: 11892–11900.
- https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.79.18.11892-11900.2005
- Wang M, Yan M, Xu H, Liang W, Kan B, Zheng B, Chen H, Zheng H, Xu Y, Zhang E, et al. SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palmcivet. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005; 11:1860–1865. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1112.041293
- Memish ZA, Mishra N, Olival KJ, Fagbo SF, Kapoor V, Epstein JH, Alhakeem R, Durosinloun A, Al Asmari M, Islam A, et al. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in bats, Saudi Arabia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013; 19: 1819–1823. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1911.131172
- Haagmans BL, Al Dhahiry SH, Reusken CB, Raj VS, Galiano M, Myers R, Godeke GJ, Jonges M, Farag E, Diab A, et al. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in dromedary camels: an outbreak investigation. Lancet Infect Dis. 2014; 14: 140–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S14733099(13)70690-X
- Yin Y, Wunderink RG. MERS, SARS and other coronaviruses as causes of pneumonia. Respirology. 2017; 23: 130–137. doi:10.1111/resp.13196
- Li W, Shi Z, Yu M, Ren W, Smith C, Epstein JH, Wang H, Crameri G, Hu Z, Zhang H, et al. Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses. Science. 200; 310: 676–679. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1118391
- Ge XY, Li JL, Yang XL, Chmura AA, Zhu G, Epstein JH, Mazet JK, Hu B, Zhang W, Peng C, et al. Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor. Nature. 2013; 503: 535–538. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12711
- Yang XL, Hu B, Wang B, Wang MN, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Wu LJ, Ge XY, Zhang YZ, Daszak P, et al. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Bat Coronavirus Closely Related to the Direct Progenitor of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. J Virol. 2015; 90: 3253–3256. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02582-15
- Hu B, Zeng LP, Yang XL, Ge XY, Zhang W, Li B, Xie JZ, Shen XR, Zhang YZ, Wang N, et al. Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus. PLoS Pathog. 2017; 13:e1006698. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006698
- Sahin AR, Erdogan A, Mutlu Agaoglu P, Dineri Y, Cakirci AY, Senel ME, et al. 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID19) Outbreak: A Review of the Current Literature. EJMO. 2020; 4: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.14744/ejmo.2020.12220
- Gralinski LE, Menachery VD. Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV. Viruses. 2020; 12: 135. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020135
- Seven days in medicine: 8-14 Jan 2020. BMJ. 2020; 368:m132.31948945
- Chan JFW, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KKW, Chu H, Yang J, Xing F, Liu J, Yip CCY, Poon RWS, Tsoi HW. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/S01406736(20)30154-9
- Rapoport B. Pathophysiology of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. Annu Rev Med. 1991; 42: 91–96. doi:10.1146/annurev.me.42.020191.000515.
- Duan SM, Zhao XS, Wen RF, Huang JJ, Pi GH, Zhang SX, et al. Stability of SARS coronavirus in human specimens and environment and its sensitivity to heating and UV irradiation. Biomed Environ Sci. 2003; 16: 246–255.
- Greatorex JS, Digard P, Curran MD, Moynihan R, Wensley H, Wreghitt T, et al. Survival of influenza A(H1N1) on materials found in households: implications for infection control. PLoS One. 2011; 6: e27932. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027932
- Fernstrom A, Goldblatt M. Aerobiology and its role in the transmission of infectious diseases. J Pathog. 2013; 493960. doi:10.1155/2013/493960
- Nikitin N, Petrova E, Trifonova E, Karpova O. Influenza virus aerosols in the air and their infectiousness. Adv Virol. 2014; 859090. doi:10.1155/2014/859090
- Warnes SL, Little ZR, Keevil CW: Human Coronavirus 229E Remains Infectious on Common Touch Surface Materials. mBio. 2015; 6: e01697-01615. doi:10.1128/mBio.01697-15
- Marr LC, Tang JW, Van Mullekom J, Lakdawala SS. Mechanistic insights into the effect of humidity on airborne influenza virus survival, transmission and incidence. J R Soc Interface. 2019; 16: 20180298. doi:10.1098/rsif.2018.0298
- Guo YR, Cao QD, Hong ZS, Tan YY, Chen SD, Jin HJ, et al. The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak - an update on the status. Mil Med Res. 2020; 7: 11. doi:10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0
- Frieden TR, Lee CT. Identifying and Interrupting Superspreading Events-Implications for Control of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020; 26. doi:10.3201/eid2606.200495
- Kampf G, Todt D, Pfaender S, Steinmann E. Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and its inactivation with biocidal agents. J Hosp Infect. 6 Feb 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.01.022
- Xia S, Liu M, Wang C, et al. Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pancoronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion. Cell Res. 2020; 30: 343–355. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422020-0305-x
- Loon SC, Teoh SC, Oon LL, Se-Thoe SY, Ling AE, Leo YS, Leong HN. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in tears. Brit J Ophthalmol. 2004; 88: 861–863. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2003.035931
- Rothe C, Schunk M, Sothmann P, Bretzel G, Froeschl G, Wallrauch C, Zimmer T, Thiel V, Janke C. Transmission of EJMO 7 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany, 30.01.2020 https://doi.10.1056/NEJMc2001468
- Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)303 60-3.
- Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Yu T. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020a; 395: 507–513. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
- World Health Organization. Situation reports. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novelcoronavirus2019/situation-reports/. Accessed 22 Feb
- Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and Important Lessons from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID -19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 24 Feb 2020. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.2648
- Yam WC, Chan KH, Poon LL, Guan Y, Yuen KY, Seto WH, Peiris JS. Evaluation of reverse transcription-PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with a novel coronavirus. J Clin Microbiol. 2003; 41(10): 4521–4. doi:10.1128/jcm.41.10.4521-4524.2003
- Pan Y, Guan H, Zhou S, Wang Y, Li Q. et al. Initial CT findings and temporal changes in patients with the novel coronavirus pneumonia (2019-nCoV): a study of 63 patients in Wuhan, China. Eur Radiol. 2020; doi: 10.1007/s00330-020-06731-x
- Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A et al. Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19). StatPearls Publishing, 2020.
- Chu CM. Role of lopinavir/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings. Thorax. 2004; 59: 252–256. doi:10.1136/thorax.2003.012658
- Zeng LK, Tao XW, YuanWH,Wang J, Liu X, Liu ZS. First case of neonate infected with novel coronavirus pneumonia in China. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2020; 58: E009.
- Holshue ML, DeBolt C, Lindquist S, et al. First case of 2019 novel coronavirus in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001191.
- Sheahan TP, Sims AC, Leist SR, Schafer A, Won J, Brown AJ, Montgomery SA, Hogg A, Babusis D, Clarke MO, et al. Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV. Nat Commun. 2020; 11: 222. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13940-6
- Derebail VK, Falk RJ. ANCA-Associated Vasculitis— Refining Therapy with Plasma Exchange and
- Glucocorticoids. Mass Medical Soc. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe1917490
- Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020; 105949. [PMID: 32205204] doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949
- Researchers find two drugs that can effectively inhibit coronavirus - CGTN.” [Online]. Available: https://news.cgtn.com/news/2020-02-04/Researchers-find-two-drugsthatcan-effectively-inhibit-coronavirus-NOFpci7NJK/index.html. [Accessed: 28-Apr-2020].
- McKay BLP. Drugmakers rush to develop vaccines against china virus the wall street journal. [cited 2020 28 January]; Available from: https://www.wsj.com/articles/drugmakersrushtodevelop-vaccines-against-china-virus-11579813026
- Dong L, Hu S, Gao J. Discovering drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),” Drug Discov Ther. 2020; 14: 58–60. doi: 10.5582/ddt.2020.01012
- Mair-Jenkins J, Saavedra-Campos M, Baillie JK, Cleary P, Khaw FM, et al. The Effectiveness of Convalescent Plasma and Hyperimmune Immunoglobulin for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections of Viral Etiology: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-analysis. J Infect Dis. 2014; 211: 80–90. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiu396
- Koenig K. Identify-Isolate-Inform: A Modified Tool for Initial Detection and Management of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Patients in the Emergency Department. West J Emerg Med. 2015; 16: 619–624.
- doi:10.5811/westjem.2015.7.27915
- Tian X, Li C, Huang A, Xia S, Lu S, et al. Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirusspecific human monoclonal antibody. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020; 9: 382–385. doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1729069
- Zhang L, Liu Y. Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review,” J M Virol. 2020; 92: 479–490. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25707
- Cheung E. China coronavirus: Hong kong researchers have already developed vaccine but need time to test it, expert reveals: South china morning post. [cited 2020 29 January]; Available from: https://www.scmp.com/news/hongkong/health environment/article/3047956/chinacoronavirushongkong-researchers-have.
- Lee LZ. Chinese scientists race to develop vaccine as coronavirus death toll jumps: South china morning post. [cited 2020 29 January]; Available from: https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3047676/numbercoronavirus-cases chinadoubles- spreadrateaccelerates.
- Cally L, Druce JD, Catton MG, Jans DA, Wagstaff KM. The FDA-approved Drug Ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Antivir Res. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104787
- Seasonal Variation in Length-weight Relationship, Condition Factor and Biological Indices of Snow Trout, Schizothorax esocinus (Heckel, 1838) Inhabiting River Jhelum of Kashmir Himalaya
Abstract Views :251 |
PDF Views:109
Authors
Affiliations
1 DST-Sponsored First Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazaratbal, Srinagar – 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
1 DST-Sponsored First Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazaratbal, Srinagar – 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
Source
Journal of Ecophysiology and Occupational Health, Vol 20, No 3&4 (2020), Pagination: 232-238Abstract
The present study encompasses studies on the seasonal variation in various biological parameters of snow trout, Schizothorax esocinus collected from River Jhelum. The exponent ‘b’ of the length-weight relationship depicted positive allometric growth type. Condition factor (K) was significantly (P<0.05) highest in autumn while lowest values were observed in spring and winter. Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in both sexes was significantly (P<0.05) highest during the spring season (spawning phase) while the lowest value was observed during summer season (spent phase). Hepatosomatic Index (HSI) was significantly (P<0.05) highest in both sexes during the autumn season while as the lowest value was observed during winter season. The study provides information on health status and reproductive cycle of S. esocinus that could help in augmenting the production along with development of appropriate conservation and management strategies.
Keywords
Schizothorax esocinus, GSI, HSIFull Text
References
- Singh A. Major challenges through the transforming coldwater fisheries in India. Coldwater Fisheries Society of India. 2018; 1(1):1–3.
- Heckel JJ. Fische aus Caschmir gesammelt und herausgegeben von Carl Freiherrn von Hugel, beschrieben von JJ Heckel. Wien 1838; p. 1–112.
- Zare P, Moodi S, Masudinodushan J, Abdoli A. Lengthweight and length-length relationships of three fish species (Cyprinidae) from Chahnimeh reservoirs, Zabol, in eastern Iran. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2011; 27:1425–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01812.x
- Moutopoulos DK, Stergiou KI. Length-weight and lengthlength relationships of fish species from the Aegean Sea (Greece). Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2002; 18(3):200– 03. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2002.00281.x
- Saleh HM, Ali RA. Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), Hepatosomatic Index (HSI), Condition Factor (K) and Length-weight Relationship (LWR) in Epinephelus guaza inhabiting Susa Coast, EL-Gabal AL-Akhadar, Libya. EPH Journal. 2019; 1(1):317–26.
- De Giosa M, Czerniejewski P, Rybczyk A. Seasonal changes in condition factor and weight-length relationship of invasive Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) from Leszczynskie Lakeland, Poland. Advances in Zoology. 2014; Article id: 678763:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/678763
- Solanki HG, Kumar P, Bhatt JH, Pillai SM, Patil RG, Arasu ART. Length-weight relationship of Asian seabass Lates calcarifer Bloch, 1790 reared in pond. Indian Journal of Fisheries. 2013; 60:131–33.
- Ma BS, Xie CX, Huo B, Yang XF, Huang HP. Age and growth of a long-lived fish Schizothorax o’connori in the Yarlung Tsangpo River, Tibet. Zoological studies. 2010; 49(6):749–59.
- Vazzoler AEAM. Biologia da reproducao de peixes teleosteos: teoria e pratica. Maringa: Eduem;1996. p. 169.
- Kreiner A, Van Der Lingen CD, Freon P. A comparison of condition factor and gona dosomatic index of sardine Sardinops sagax stocks in the northern and southern Benguela upwelling ecosystems, 1984-1999. South African Journal of Marine Science. 2001; 23:123–34. https://doi.org/10.2989/025776101784528791
- de Souza Braga FM. Feeding and condition factor of charcid fish in the Ribeirao Grande System, South eastern Brazil. Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences. 2005; 27(3):271–6. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v27i3.1336
- Kumolu-Johnson CA, Ndimele PE. Length-weight relationships and condition factors of twenty-one fish species in Ologe Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2010; 2(4):174–79.
- Le Cren ED. The length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the perch (Perca fluviatilis). The Journal of Animal Ecology. 1951; 201–19. https://doi.org/10.2307/1540
- Jones RE, Petrell RJ, Pauly, D. Using modified length-weight relationships to assess the condition of fish. Aquacultural Engineering Society. 1999; 20(4):261–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8609(99)00020-5
- Anene A. Condition factor of four Cichlid species of a man-made lake in Imo State, Southeastern Nigeria. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2005; 5(1):43–47.
- Bervian G, Fontoura NF, Haimovici M. Statistical model of variable allometric growth: Otolith growth in Micropogonias furnieri (Actinopterygii, Sciaenidae). Journal of Fish Biology. 2006; 68(1):196–208. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2006.00890.x
- Fontoura NF, Jesus AS, Larre GG, Porto JR. Can weight/ length relationship predict size at first maturity? A case study with two species of Characidae. Neotropical Ichthyology. 2010; 8(4):835–40. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252010005000013
- Gutierrez-Estrada JC, Pulido-Calvo I, Prenda J. Gonadosomatic index estimates of an introduced pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) population in a Mediterranean stream, using computational neural networks. Aquatic Sciences. 2000; 62(4):350–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001340
- Lucifora LO, Menni RC, Escalante AH. Reproductive ecology and abundance of the sand tiger shark, Carcharias taurus, from the southwestern Atlantic. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2002; 59(3):553–61. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.2002.1183
- Amtyaz KM, Khan MZ, Hashmi MUA. Studies on Gonadosomatic Index and Stages of Gonadal Development of Striped piggy fish, Pomadasys stridens (Forsskal, 1775) (Family; Pomadasyidae) of Karachi Coast, Pakistan. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2013; 1(5):28–31.
- Lenhardt M, Jaric I, Cakic P, Cvijanovic G, Gacic Z, Kolarevic J. Seasonal changes in condition, hepatosomatic index and parasitism in sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L.). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 2009; 33(3):209–14.
- Arukwe A, Goksoyr A. Eggshell and egg yolk proteins in fish: Hepatic proteins for the next generation: oogenetic, population, and evolutionary implications of endocrine disruption. Comparative Hepatology. 2003; 2(4):1-21. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-5926-2-4 PMid:12685931. PMCid:PMC153486
- Alonso-Fernandez A, Saborido-Rey F. Relationship between energy allocation and reproductive strategy in Trisopterus luscus. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 2012; 416:8–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2012.02.001
- Kullander SO, Fang F, Delling B, Ahlander E. The fishes of the Kashmir Valley. In River Jhelum, Kashmir Valley: Impact on the Aquatic Environment. (L. Nyman, ed.) Swedmar, Sewden. 1999; p. 99–162.
- Htun-han M. The reproductive biology of the dab Limanda limanda (L) in the North Sea; gonadosomatic index, hepatosomatic index and condition factor. Journal of Fish Biology. 1978; 13:369–78. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03445.x
- Duncan DB. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics. 1955; 11(1):1–42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478
- Anderson RO. Length, weight and associated structural indices. Fisheries techniques. 1996.
- Froese R. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 2006; 22(4):241–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14390426.2006.00805.x
- Gubiani EA, Gomes LC, Agostinho AA. Length-length and length-weight relationships for 48 fish species from reservoirs of the Parana State, Brazil. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management. 2009; 14:289–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1770.2009.00411.x
- Jobling M. Environmental factors and rates of development and growth. Handbook of fish biology and fisheries. 2002; 1:97–122. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470693803.ch5
- Pauly D. Fish population dynamics in tropical waters: a manual for use with programmable calculators. ICLARM Studies and Reviews 8. ICLARM, Manila, Philippines; 1984.
- Wootton JT. Indirect effects, prey susceptibility, and habitat selection: Impacts of birds on limpets and algae. Ecology. 1992; 73:981–91. https://doi.org/10.2307/1940174
- Salgado-Ugarte IH. Nonparametric methods for fisheries data analysis and their application in conjunction with other statistical techniques to study biological data of the Japanese sea bass Lateolabrax japonicus in Tokyo Bay. Ph.D. in Aquatic Bioscience Thesis, Laboratory of Fisheries Biology, University of Tokyo, Japan. 1995.
- Pena-Mendoza B, Gomez-Marquez JL, Salgado-Ugarte IH, Ramirez-Noguera D. Reproductive biology of Oreochromis niloticus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) at Emiliano Zapata dam, Morelos, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical. 2005; 53(34):22-515. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v53i3-4.14666. PMid:17354460
- Freitas TMDS, Almeida VHDC, Montag LFDA, Rocha RMD, Fontoura NF. Seasonal changes in the gonadossomatic index, allometric condition factor and sex ratio of an auchenipterid catfish from eastern Amazonia. Neotropical Ichthyology. 2011; 9(4):839–47. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252011005000044
- Zabihy M, Pourkazemi M, Kazemi R, Kamali A. Determination spawning season and changes in
- reproduction cycle of Schizothorax zarudnyi and condition factor in Hamoon Lake. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal. 2004; 12(4):41–56.
- Yeldan H, Avsar D. A preliminary study on the reproduction of the rabbit fish Siganus rivulatus (Forsskal.1775) in the North eastern Mediterranean. Turkish Journal of Zoology. 2000; 24:173–82.
- Shafat S, Bhat FA, Balkhi MH, Najar AM, Mudasir H. Reproductive traits of Schizothorax niger (Heckel, 1838) in Dal Lake, Kashmir. SKUAST J. Res. 2016; 18(2):138–45.
- Jan M, Jan U, Shah GM. Studies on fecundity and Gonadosomatic index of Schizothorax plagiostomus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Journal of Threatened Taxa. 2014; 6(1):5375–79. https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3269.5375-9
- Saint-Paul U. Investigations on the seasonal changes in the chemical composition of liver and condition from a neotropical characoid fish Colossoma macropomum (Serrasalmidae). Amazoniana: Limnologia et Oecologia Regionalis Systematis Fluminis Amazonas. 1984; 9(1): 147–58.