Effectiveness of Early Physiotherapy Interventions for Weight Gain in Low Birth Weight Neonates

Background: Prematurity is a leading cause of death in Indian scenario. There are lack of studies done on early physiotherapy interventions in neonates. Early care interventions in premature newborns show positive effect. Growth retardation and demineralisation of bones in newborn are thought to be caused by prolong immobilisation or lack of physical activities. In this study we are going to give combination of massage, passive movements, facilitatory techniques, joint compression and kangaroo mother care, which has not been done before. Indeed this made us to study the effectiveness of early physiotherapy intervention on weight gain in low birth weight neonates. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of early physiotherapy intervention on weight gain in moderate premature neonates (32–37 weeks), very premature (28–32 weeks) and extremely premature neonates (less than 28 weeks). Methods: Individuals fulfilling the inclusive criteria were selected. Written consent was taken from parents and care taker of neonates. Total 20 low birth weight neonates were taken. They were differentiated into moderate premature, very premature and extremely premature neonates. The weight was measured and breast feeding frequency was noted before treatment. Then the neonates were given massage, passive movements, proprioception stimulation by individual joint compression, oral stimulation and kangaroo mother care. This was given for 25-30 minutes each session for two times per day for 7 days. After that again weight and breast feeding frequency was checked to see progression. Later evaluation and interpretation was done using statistical analysis. Results: The early physiotherapy intervention is effective in low birth weight baby for improving weight in pre mature neonates. Conclusion: On the basis of result it can be concluded that the early physiotherapy is effective in improving weight, breast feeding frequency in low birth weight neonates. Hence, early physiotherapy interventions should be considered to decrease the morbidity and mortality rate of LBW neonates.