Journal of Literature, Culture and Media Studies https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS <span>It is Multi-disciplinary International Referred Research Journal of Higher Education on Literature &amp; Literacy theory, Art &amp; Aesthetics, Culture &amp; Media Studies, Critical &amp; Creative Language Teaching, Philosophy and Philology, Hypertext &amp; Communication Studies, Humanities &amp; Social Sciences.</span> Mrs. Prabha Chandra en-US Journal of Literature, Culture and Media Studies 0974-7192 Into the Snares of Chastity:Reading the Smarthavicharam in History and Literature https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177083 Through an analysis of the Smarthavicharam of Kriyedathu Thatri (the ritual inquisition, trial and excommunication of an antharjanam or Kerala Brahmin woman), this study attempts to theorize social changes initiated through micro-level, personal rebellions. The trial and excommunication of Kuriyedathu Thatri and her sixty four partners in sin along with their families in 1905 is an episode in Kerala history that continues to intrigue scholars and fascinate writers and artists. Speaking the truth about her transgressions in a ritual trial presided over by a monarch (the Maharaja of Cochin) and veteran brahmin priests deletis was Thatri's strategic challenge to outmoded moral norms sanctioned by textual traditions (smritis and dharmasastras) and social practices. By making her own body the site of protest, Thatri subverted the very notion of chastity by exposing its hollowness and biases. The first part of the paper will read into historical accounts, archival materials and newspaper reports concerning Thatri to contextualize her transgression and confession, a doing - telling rebellion, which I argue had played a key role in abolishing certain customs that had virtually confined antharjanams to a life of suffering. Significantly, after Thatri's trial, there had been significant movements towards improving the conditions of antharjanams. The Nambutiris (Kerala Brahmins) were comparatively insular to the impacts of colonial education, missionary reform zeal and interactions with other cultures. When there happened heated debates, reform movements and negotiations for social mobility in other castes during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the Nambutiri community was somewhat indifferent to cultural readjustments and negotiations. Eminent Nambutiri reformer, V.T. Bhattathirippad compares Thatri to a volcano that had burnt down the fortress of brahminical authority and a nightmare that had woken up a complacent community from their centuries-long slumber. In the second part of the paper, I examine representations of Kuriyedathu Thatri in films and literature as a revolutionary resisting a caste-ridden patriarchal society. Thatri's confession led to her excommunication or symbolic death which had been interpreted as ironic martyrdom. Kuriyedathu Thatri survives her symbolic and real deaths through representation and interpretation. B. S. Bini 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 <i>Londonstani</i>:The Language of Indo-Brit Rudeboy-Multiculturalism https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177084 Gautam Malkani's Londonstani (2006) is a marvel of Literary Fiction. Stylistically, it has stunning originality. Malkani has made, what F. R. Leavis has describes as "exploratory creative use of language." This means finding a poetic style, even in prose, to express an original content. Malkani's novel presents a multicultural situation in which Indian youngsters settled in West London speak and act in highly objectionable ways. But, then, it is their language and their life which communicates their vulgar kind of existence. The novel reveals how different the multicultural position for the Indo-Brit relations has become for this new generation in West London. The present paper analyses the narrative, the language and the dialogue, each of which is highly original. The British, pretending to be Indian, narrator in the novel is unique because he is its tale as well as the teller. That even expletives and vulgarity can be used to create literary fiction, has been argued in this paper. Abhimanyu Pandey 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 The Aspects of Human Relationship in Galsworthy’s The Skin Game https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177085 Galsworthy’s concern for the problems of society also meant observing the relationships of people affected by the existing social problems. He deals with the different types of human relationships. He has clearly stated his aim of objectivity in the art of writing. He has striven successfully to ‘see life whole and steadily’. He omits everything from his mind–the desire to please the audience, the actors or theatrical managers. He is prepared to include in his work ‘nothing because it pays nothing because it will make sensation, no situations faked, no characters falsified, no fire works,’ but only things imagined and put down in a passion of sincerity. Galsworthy is quite deft in maintaining an impartial attitude throughout his plays. He knows quite clearly that there are two sides to every coin. The conflict between class and capital and labour have been poined out by the author most impartially. S. P. Bhadauria 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Tagore’s <i>Gora</i> in the Light of Women Characters https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177086 The women characters in Tagore's novel seamlessly take up a pivotal role in framing his novels or short stories. The author has a talent of moulding and positioning his women characters in a narrative so much so that without these characters the larger narrative would just be a meaningless caricature. Considering Tagore's immense sense of advancement and love for his country, he takes into careful consideration on how he represents the women folk in all his works. Womanhood has been portrayed as an important entity present in an Indian society and he echoes his views of tradition and modernity through his women characters. This paper explores the number of women characters from his novel Gora, the complexity and the difference in personalities and values held by each women character. The role taken up by women in the nationalist propagandas, with respect to the independence movement which Tagore felt a strong attachment to, is closely analysed and presented through this study. Somnath Koley N. D. R. Chandra 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Feminist Perspective in the Novel of Atwood's <i>The Penelopiad</i> https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177087 Margaret Atwood has taken on many of the political and social issues of her time. Feminist perspective is to understand women's oppression in terms of race, gender, class and sexual preference and how to change it. Penelope also feels that she has been as brave and resourceful as Odysses himself. Silence can frequently be kept at a cost as Penelope confesses to the terrible effort she makes to say nothing. She has learned this strategy of patient from her mother. Auradkar Sarika Pradiprao 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Immigrants’ Life in The Novel <i>The Inheritance</i> of Loss https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177088 Winner of the Booker prize 2006, Kiran Desai was born in India in 1971. Daughter of an eminent Indian English author Anita Desai, Kiran Desai has carved out a name for herself as a novelist by writing just two novels, Hullabaloo in the Guava Orchard and The Inheritance of Loss. The plot of Inheritance of Loss narrates the parallel stories of a Gujarati family in the foothills of the north-eastern Himalayas and of undocumented immigrants in the New York. She brilliantly charts the map of Indian diaspora where past and present live in uneasy juxtaposition. Set in mid-1980s' India, on the cusp of the GNLF movement for an independent state, the novel brings together many contemporary issues like migration, exile, effects of colonialism, modernity, identity and better way of living etc. She writes not just about India but about Indian communities in the world. Kiran has described her own sense of alienation from America even though it is her permanent home now. A member of the Indian diaspora, Kiran's love for India is unlimited. This paper discusses the immigrants' life in the novel The Inheritance of Loss. T. V. N. Swathi 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Mulk Raj Anand as Short Story Writer:A Critical Assessment https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177089 Mulk Raj Anand is one of the three major novelists of modern Indian writing in English. Although he was born in Peshawar, he became a part of Allahabad and studied in England even before the independence. He started writing with his first novel <strong>Untouchable</strong>. Besides writing the novels like Coolie, <strong>The Road</strong>, he started writing stories more proficiently and continuously. His shorts tires are published in several collections- Lajwanthi and Other Stories, The Corn Goddess and Other Stories and Barber Trade Union and Other Stories etc. In his short stories he described the life of the people in the Indian villages, their troubles and travails. His depiction of character is vivid and he narrates incidents vividly. He has simple technique of narrating in the third person with an eye on the other elements like atmosphere.etc. The dialogue is also an important part of his stories. The raciness of language and his English has the impact of Punjabi, his mother tongue, In his English he uses many Hindi and Punjabi words. His range of social themes is wide-poverty, childhood, corruption, caste discrimination, evils of dowry, marital disharmony, male dominance etc.Thus he proves to be major short story writers in our country. V. R. Badiger 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 An Eco-Critical Perspective on Temsula Ao's Collection of Short Stories <i>Laburnum for My Head</i> https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177090 Temsula Ao is a poet, short story writer and ethnographer. She is a retired Professor of English in North Eastern Hill University (NEHU), where she has taught since 1975. In 2013, She received the Sahitya Akademi Award for her short story collection, Laburnum for My Head, given by the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Literature. This set of short stories is deeply embedded in the lives of people who belong to the region from where she writes, the north east. She finds her characters in people, flora and fauna of her region. The reader can find the laburnum an equally interesting role to play in the story as Lentina. The wild boar and elephant also have an equally important role in The Hunter and likewise. This paper analyses the first and the last of the stories to present the gamut of ecological symbols she uses to narrate her stories. Mrudula Lakkaraju 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Nationalism in India as Reflected in the Hindi Poetry https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177091 The Hindu Poetry is the cultural record of the development of nationalism in India. It reflects how the Hindu nationalism germinated as early as in Chandra Bardai’s Prithvi Raj Raso, how it became militant in the Poetry of Bhushan who used the sentiment of heroism to develop national and ethnic pride, how it began to give way to secular nationalism in the trasitional phase of Bharatendu who lamented the glorious past and the miserable present of India, how it gradually became more and more vocal, liberal, all-embracing and even militant,especially in such hands as Maithilisharan Gupta and Sheedhar Pathak, and then - when nationalism under Gandhi’s leadership was on a full swing - in such poets as Makhan Lal Chatturvedi. In the postcolonial phase, however, there developed the notes of frustration, disillusion, resentment and anger as the people’s expectations remained unfulfilled, and consequently a mixed sense of doubt and critical inquiry creeped in and the emotional mode of expression was replaced by the realistic one. The Poetry of the nineteen-sixties particularly marks the significant change as reflected in such poets as Girija Kumar Mathur, Dinkar, Raghuvir Sahay and Sarveshwar Dayal Saxena, and in a more pungent tone in the anti-establishment poets, Rajkamal Choudhury and Dhoomil. Shambhu Lal Verma 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 K.R. Srinivasa Iyenger:A New Icon in Spiritual Poetry https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177092 K.R. Srinivasa Iyengar begins his literary career in a complex age, confused by the currents and cross-currents of various movements. As a historian of Indian English Literature, he has kept a close watch over the trends generated by Colonialism, Nationalism, Modernism and Post Modernism since 1943, when he published his book Indo-Anglian Literature. Suruchi Dubey 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Ezekiel's New Perspective for Women https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177093 The women have been a focal subject in world literature from the earliest fumbling literary efforts of men, and have also been long conventionally accepted as an ideal homemaker as a dutiful wife, a loving mother and a caring daughter who keeps her birth in her parents' house and it is believed that her corpse would go from her 'Sasural' (in law's house). Indian literature has been quite generous in giving esteemed place to women. The world's two greatest epics <strong>The Ramayana</strong> and <strong>The Mahabharata</strong> written by Rishi Valmiki and Rishi Ved Vyas, respectively, revolved around women being the central characters in the forms of Sita and Draupadi.It is equally true of India where the ancient religions, spiritual Vedic treatises and the Upnishadas abound in references extolling her role and status in the society that the gods live there where women are worshipped. 1It is an ultimate admiration of women heard everywhere in the world.But in actual sense we worship the lady who as a child, lives: Ram Sharma Anshu Sharma 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Depiction of Tribes and Women in Jayanta Mahapatra's Poetry https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177094 In Mahapatra's poetry the 'living' includes the tribals of Orissa. The poet has highlighted the plight of these poor people in Orissa. The ongoing clash of interests is expressed in his poems. These tribals are ischolar_mained to their land. They consider that the spirit of Goddess is enshrined in the land. Metal extraction will threaten their religious belief. They are not only displaced physically but they are disturbed psychologically. The Supreme Court of India has restricted the expansion of these factories. The horrible drought of Kalahandi has also been depicted in his poems. The poet identifies himself with this account of exploitation and suffering. The poet's grandfather had to undergo this suffering in the famine in 1866, which had affected Orissa. Much will remain unsaid if we do not touch upon the role of women in the emergence of Oriya identity in literature and society. The educated women always fought for their own identity and at the same time, they took an active interest in building up Oriya identity. The writings of women definitely influenced Mahapatra. In his poems Mahapatra shows an awareness of his Oriya upbringing, culture and its landscape. He loves his people and brings to the fore their suffering and joys. Debaprasad Bandyopadhyay 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Portayal of Women in the Works of Shakespeare:A Discourse on Feminism https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177095 Much water has flown on the life and works of Shakespeare during the past few centuries and in light of this it would be superfluous and uncalled for to probe further into the many themes running deep in the world wide acclaimed plays of Shakespeare. Research and essays on Shakespeare's works have dealt with every aspect of his life and his plays have been fraught to the force, leaving nothing to add or substantiate to the surviving knowledge and understanding of the playwright's mind. This paper is a humble effort of the authors to place before its readers some aspects of Feminism and its exposition in the works of Shakespeare. This aspect of feminism is one vital thread of isms ever glaringly seen and experienced in the homogeneous composition of almost all the plays of Shakespeare. This so called veins of feminism runs deep and is firmly embedded in his philosophy and intellectual thought process. It forms the vital core of his perspectives and ideals which are clearly and explicitly propounded in almost all of his masterpieces. The genre of feminism and its implications can be felt and experienced in all aspects of life and literature. We the authors of this paper wish to cull out the judicious emphasis of feminism which can be seen in the works of Shakespeare. The scholarship of Shakespeare has come a long way from the days of its birth in the early 20's where readers in the realm of scarcity of expository material, were left to fumble through the maze of old archaic syntax and prosody, to grasp what promised to look like real life happenings. The evils of society and human characteristics radiated itself rather brilliantly in the works of Shakespeare. Feminism is one such retrospective element that forms the crux of this paper. This paper shall attempt to highlight the infusion of feminism into the works of Shakespeare and the subsequent ripples and effects it had created in the lives of people living in society of that time. Scholars are of the opinion that even today at this present time and age, this fantastic fusion of feminism experienced in the plays of Shakespeare continues to have a profound effect and repercussion which can never fade into oblivion. B. K. Vidyasagar K. Chakrapani 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Finding Meaning in a Meaningless Harold World in Pinter's <i>No Man's Land</i> https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177096 My aim through this article is to propagate that the play No Man's Land by Pinter pictures the world, as a meaningless place to live in without any potential way out. He spotlights on the matter of people's isolation from each other and from the intellect of their own living. They are forced to engage in recreation the nonstop match just because they do not challenge to stop it, and they get fixed in every day routine, as a consequence. The concept of nothingness goes hand in hand with certain human feelings like fear, insecurity and hopelessness. These human characteristics are distinctive Pinter subjects elaborated in his plays. The unfair system and its persecutors find their complement in Pinter's plays of ambiguity, violence, loneliness and loss of identity, all caused by an unidentifiable menace in their world, and these lonely characters, with their destroyed identities and with no support, trying to survive but failing in a hostile world close to the realm of The Theatre of the Absurd. Amit Pandey 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Operationalizing Strength-Based TraumaInformed Leadership Programming (SBTIL) in Community Settings https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177097 <p>* Our Story.</p><p>* Mission.</p><p>* Goals.</p><p>* Trauma and Resiliency.</p><p>* Building Trauma-informed Community Programs.</p><p>* Who is Involved.</p> Judy Nelson 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7 Exploration into Different Phases of Research-Work https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JLCMS/article/view/177098 An exploration into different phases of research work is not a comprehensive study of the subject. Within the length of an essay, the problem of research has been introduced to the beginners : How do we choose a topic – is the first question. Where do we conduct the research? Is there any need to change the topic in consultation with the supervisor, DRC and other academic bodies? Abstracts are to be consulted. Bibliography; primary sources and secondary sources are to be explored. Reading and Writing should go together. Hypothesis, synopsis should be written. Outlines of research-work is to be prepared. Documentation–the MLA style sheet should be followed. These points are to be considered : language and style, grammar and spelling; originality puts life into the research-work. Plagiarism causes loss of value of work. Intellectual honesty is required. In viva-voce the right attitude should be there. Though the subject has been handled in a sketchy manner, I trust it will inspire the scholars to do good work with dedication, integrity and sincerity. Sharmistha Rout 2015-01-01 2015-01-01 7