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Joshi, Veena U.
- Progress in Palaeohydrology: Focus on Monsoonal Areas-an Introduction
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Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 64, No Spl Iss 4 (2004), Pagination: 381-382Abstract
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- Palaeohydrological Reconstructions Based on Analysis of a Palaeochannel and Toba-Ash Associated Alluvial Sediments in the Deccan Trap Region, India
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1 Department of Geography, University of Pune, Pune - 41 1 007, IN
2 Department of Geography, S P College, Pune - 411 030, IN
3 Department of Geography, HPT/RYK College, Nashik - 422 005, IN
1 Department of Geography, University of Pune, Pune - 41 1 007, IN
2 Department of Geography, S P College, Pune - 411 030, IN
3 Department of Geography, HPT/RYK College, Nashik - 422 005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 64, No Spl Iss 4 (2004), Pagination: 481-489Abstract
The Pleistocene-Holocene palaeohydrological and palaeoenvironmental conditions of the Deccan Trap rivers are not Well-Established. This is mainly on account of the limited extent of alluvial deposits and scarcity of palaeochannels to estimate former river discharges. This paper reports the results of recent investigations it a palaeochannel and the Volcanic-Ash associated alluvial materials at two sites located in the Semi-Arid parts of the Deccan Trap region. The palaeochannel is preserved in, and defined, by the volcanic ash. The ash is believed to be associated with the 74 ka Toba Mega-Eruption.The geometry of the palaeo and modern channels were determined by undertaking EDM surveys. The mean, maximum and bankfull discharges of the palaeo and modern channels were estimated on the basis of published relationships between discharge and channel dimensions. The estimates indicate a bankfull discharge of about 15-40 m3s1 for the palaeochannel and between 600 and 900 m3s1for the modern channel. The estimates suggest that modern discharges are higher by about one order of magnitude.Stratigraphical studies at the sites show that the ash layer is often associated with thick black clays, referred to as fissured clays, which belong to marine isotope stage 3 andior 4 On the basis of modern analogs it was inferred that the Ash-Associated fissured clays represent sediments of seasonal, Low-Energy wetlands. The sedimentological characteristics indicate that during and after the Toba event the monsoonal climate was drier and river discharges were depleted. This inference is also supported by estimated mean and maximum discharges passing through the Kukadi Palaeochannel. We infer that at the time of the Toba event, which occurred during marine isotope stage 5-4 transition, the monsoon discharge and rainfall were much lower than the present in the Deccan Trap region.
Keywords
Palaeochannel, Fissured Clays, Palaeohydrology, Palaeoclimate, Deccan Traps.- Grain Surface Features of Alluvial Sediments of Upper Pravara Basin and their Environmental Implications
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1 Department of Geography, University of Pune, Pune - 411 007, IN
1 Department of Geography, University of Pune, Pune - 411 007, IN
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Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 74, No 6 (2009), Pagination: 711-722Abstract
Quartz sand grains obtained from a deeply gullied topography along the banks of two tributaries of River Pravara in Godavari Basin, Maharashtra have been examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to make the environmental interpretations of these deposits. The sediments reveal features resulting from mechanical grinding as well as from chemical alteration. Conchoidal fractures, cleavage planes, grooves, v-shaped indentations etc. are the mechanical features documented on the grains whereas solution pits of varying sizes and intensity, precipitation surfaces, oriented v-pits, solution crevasses and etching are the features of diagenetic origin. Few sand grains show the evidence of wind transported sediments. Several evidence indicate that the samples have undergone digenetic changes. Few grains exhibit the features of intense chemical breakdown. The overall assemblages of the grain surface features suggest that the samples have been subjected to subaqueous transport for a considerable period of time. The chemical features such as etching, solution pits or semi circular arcuate steps that are found in abundance in these grains are due to the dissolution of the sediments in a low energy fluviatile environment, such as in floodplain region.Keywords
SEM, Quartz Grains, Subaqueous, Digenesis, Conchoidal Breakage, Cleavage Planes, Grooves Fluviatile Environment, Maharashtra.References
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- Application of Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) to Recently Reclaimed Badlands along the Adula and Mahalungi Rivers, Pravara Basin, Maharashtra
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Authors
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1 Department of Geography, University of Pune, Pune - 411 007, IN
1 Department of Geography, University of Pune, Pune - 411 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 80, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 341-350Abstract
The rapid erosion of soil by wind and water has been a problem since man began cultivating the land. Moreover soil erosion, as a hazard, has always been associated mainly with agriculture in the tropical and semi-arid areas. Soil loss through rill, gully and sheet erosion is a major environmental problem in India. Among all the predictive equations developed to estimate soil loss, the most accepted, used, convenient and suitable technique, for smaller areas like hillslopes and fields, is the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). This method has been applied to the cultivated fields on either side of the gullied banks of the Adula and Mahalungi rivers, to estimate soil loss from fields under different crops. Rainfall data from the IMD has been used for the purpose. Field slope measurements, textural analysis of soil and determination of soil organic matter have also been carried out. Finally the soil loss has been computed from the generated data. The results have been used to ascertain whether the soil loss in the area is within or beyond the tolerance limit. It has been found that the soil loss in these areas have exceeded the tolerance limit and hence require due attention.Keywords
Soil Loss, Nomograph, Tolerance Limit, Usle, Rusle, Erodibility, Erosivity, Pravara Basin, Maharashtra.References
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