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Srivastava, Rajesh K.
- Petrology Geochemistry of the Late Archaean Siliceous High-Magnesian Basalts (SHMB) from Kaklur, Southern Bastar Craton, Central India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IN
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 53, No 6 (1999), Pagination: 693-704Abstract
Greenschist facies rnetabasalts showing relict spinifex texture, associated with the Late Archaean Bengpal Group, are well exposed in the Kaklur area, Bastar craton. They are classified as siliceous high-magnesian basalts (SHMB) on the basis of its distinct chemistry, such as high SiO2 (52.83-54.52 wt%), high MgO (11.40-18.35 wt%), high Cr, Ni, enriched Rb and K, depleted Nb and Ti, and enriched-LREE patterns, as well as the presence of spinifex texture. Low Al2O3/TiO2 and Sc/Y ratios, high Ti/Zr and Sr/Nd ratios less than chondrite corroborate SHMB nature of these basalts and clearly distinguishes them from komatiites/lcomatiitic basalts and boninites. They show close geochemical similarities, particularly in high field strength and rare earth element concentrations, with other well studied Western Australian SHMB. Such SHMB are reported in literature to be derived either from komatiitic magma by crustal contamination though assimilation-fractional crystallization (AFC) processes or from magma generated from the refractory continental lithosphere.Keywords
Geochemistry, Late Archaean, High-Mg Basalt, Bastar Craton, Madhya Pradesh.
- Petrology, Petrochemistry and Genesis of the Alkaline Rocks Associated With the Ambadungar Carbonatite Complex, Baroda District, Gujarat, India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University. Varanasi 221 005, IN
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University. Varanasi 221 005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 43, No 1 (1994), Pagination: 23-39Abstract
The present paper describes the petrology, protochemistry and genesis of alkaline rocks related to the Ambadungar Carbonatite Complex. These alkaline rocks have been classified as tinguaite, phonolite/phononephelinite, melanephelinite and syenite/nepheline syenite. The porphyritic variety dominates in the area and important phenocrysts are aegirine/aegirine-augite. feldspars, nepheline, hauyene, analcite, and minor mealnite. Chemically they are undersaturated. In the tight of new petrological and chemical data presented. the alkaline rocks of Ambadungar are shown to be genetically related to the Carbonalite-Nephelinite magmatism. These are inferred as products of liquid immiscibility from a parental carbonated nephelinilic magma.Keywords
Ambadungar, Alkaline Rocks, Petrology, Geochemistry, Gujarat.- Contrasting Precambrian Mafic Dykes of the Bastar Craton, Central India: Petrological and Geochemical Characteristics
Abstract Views :254 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth POI 3QL, GB
2 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
1 Department of Geology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth POI 3QL, GB
2 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 48, No 5 (1996), Pagination: 537-546Abstract
Numerous mafic dykes occur within the Archacan-granite-gneisses of the Bastar (Bhandara) craton of central India. Width of these dykes varies from about 20 to 200 metres and are 1 to 20 kilometers long. The dykes trend mainly NW-SE, following the foliation of the granite gneiss and major regional structural trend. They mainly comprise two different types, one, amphibolitic and the other doleritic. The amphibolite dykes have a granoblastic texture whereas the unaltered dolerite dykes are ophitic or sub-ophitic. All of the dykes are sub-alkaline Fe-rich tholeiites. However, variations in the incompatible elements such as Nb, P, Ti, Zr, Y and the light rare earth elements (LREE), suggest that the Bastar dykes infact comprise two different sets. The amphibolite dykes were derived from an earlier relatively high-Mg, low-Ti olivine tholeiite magma. These dykes have high field strength element (HFSE) values only around six times higher than those of primordial mantle. In contrast, the doleritic dykes have fractionated HFSE levels 10 to 30 times higher than primitive mantle values; they are also characterised by a marked negative Sr anomaly not present in the older dykes. One subset of amphibolitic dykes corresponds geochemically to the predominantly doleritic swarm. These latcr dykes are derived from a low-Mg, high-Ti quartz-tholeiitic magma. The two different Bastar dyke sets are recognized here as the older, BD1 amphibolitic dykes and younger, BD2 doleritic dykes. Age constraints for these dykes are set by the ages of the enveloping host gneisses and discordant granitoids and hence they are placed at or near the end-Archaean.Keywords
Petrology, Mafic Dykes, Precambrian, Bastar Craton, Central India.- Petrology of the Proterozoic Alkaline Carbonatite Complex of Samalpatti, District Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu
Abstract Views :172 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, IN
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 51, No 2 (1998), Pagination: 233-244Abstract
The gneissic rocks of Samalpatti area are intruded by the Proterozoic carbonatites, alkaline rocks, pyroxenites and minor dunites. Mineralogically carbonatites show wide variations in their composition but chemically most of them are silico-carbonatites. Presence of hornfelsic textures and metamorphic minerals like chlorite, scapolite, diopside and grossularite, suggest metamorphism of the present carbonatites. Alkaline rocks are either syenites or lamprophyres. Both carbonatites and alkaline rocks are generally enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) and high-field strength elements (HFSE) relative to the primordial mantle. Although carbonatite samples have lower concentration of LILE and HFSE than the average values of known carbonatites, they fall within the range of magmatic carbonatite concentrations. Lower concentrations of these elements are a result of hydrothermal metamorphism by hot fluids.
Carbonatites are also enriched in δ13C and δ18O-values. The Rayleigh fractionation together with post-magmatic secondary processes, particularly exchange with magmatic fluids of high δ18O content, are the best explanation for the C and 0 isotope enrichments. The carbonatites and alkaline rocks have probably crystallized from the carbonate and silicate melts separated from a postulated carbonated nephelinitic magma by Iiquid immiscibility at shallow levels.
Keywords
Petrology, Carbonatite, Alkaline Rocks, Liquid immiscibility, Tamil Nadu.- Precambrian Mafic Magmatism in the Indian Shield: An Introduction
Abstract Views :158 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
2 Department of Geology, Delhi University, Delhi - 110 007, IN
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
2 Department of Geology, Delhi University, Delhi - 110 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 72, No Spl Iss 1 (2008), Pagination: 9-13Abstract
No Abstract.- Geochemistry of Distinct Mafic Intrusive Rocks from Darba-kukanar and Kerlapal-Sukma-Mokhpal Areas, Southern Bastar Craton: Further Data on the Early Precambrian Mafic Magmatism of Central India
Abstract Views :189 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Igneous Petrology Laboratory, Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
1 Igneous Petrology Laboratory, Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 69, No 6 (2007), Pagination: 1176-1188Abstract
Geochemistry of mafic igneous rocks of early Precambrian age of the southern Bastar craton in and around Darba-Kukanar and Kerlapal-Sukma-Mokhpal areas are presented. Most of these mafic rocks occur as NW-SE trending dykes intruded into the Archaean granitelgranite-gneiss and over metamorphic rocks. Few intrusives also occur as sills or plutonic bodies. On the basis of field relationships between mafic rocks and other exposed rock types and also between the mafic rocks, available geochronological data, petrological and geochemical characteristics, the studied mafic rocks are classified into three main types: (i) Group I (BDI): Mesoarchaean mafic rocks, metamorphosed under mid-amphibolite facies conditions, showing concentration of high-field strength element (HFSE) higher than the Group 3 (boninite-norite) mafic rocks, and lower than the Group 2 (BD2: dolerite-diorite), (ii) Group 2 (BD2): Paleoproterozoic mafic rocks of dolerite-diorite composition, characterized by higher concentration of HFSE than the other two types, and (iii) Group3 (BN: boninite-norite): Neoarchaean mafic rocks, metamorphosed under greenschist-amphibolite transitional conditions, characteristically showing high-Mg and Si, very low-Ti, and HFSE composition close to boninite. These observations are very similar to the previously studied mafic rocks from the other parts of the southern Bastar craton. It is suggested that the BD1 mafic rocks are derived from depleted sub-alkaline basaltic magma, whereas enriched sub-alkaline basaltic magma was responsible for the BD2 mafic rocks. High-Mg boninite-norite (BN) mafic rocks were probably derived from a primary boninitic magma originated from a refractory lherzolitic mantle source. These observations clearly suggest heterogeneous mantle source beneath the Bastar craton during the early Precambrian.Keywords
Geochemistry, Mafic Intrusive Rocks, Boninite, Bastar Craton, Central India.- 5th International Dyke Conference, Rovaneimi, Finland
Abstract Views :215 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 67, No 1 (2006), Pagination: 123-125Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
- Group Discussion on Indian Dykes
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Group Discussion Meeting on Indian Dykes, BHU, Varanasi 221 005, IN
1 Group Discussion Meeting on Indian Dykes, BHU, Varanasi 221 005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 68, No 1 (2006), Pagination: 151-151Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
- Geochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Oceanic Plagiogranites Associated with South Andaman Ophiolite Suite, India: A Late Stage Silicate Liquid Immiscible Product
Abstract Views :196 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Asmara, Asmara, ER
2 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, IN
3 Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, NF A1 B 3x5, CA
1 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Asmara, Asmara, ER
2 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, IN
3 Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, NF A1 B 3x5, CA
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 59, No 3 (2002), Pagination: 233-241Abstract
Plagiogranite is a leucocratic low-K member of the Andaman Ophiolite Suite (AOS) that occurs as bands (dykes?) of irregular shapes and sizes, particularly in the cumulate sequence of the suite. It is medium- to coarse-grained and commonly shows hypidiomorphic granular texture. At places granophyric texture (intergrowth between feldspar and quartz) is also seen. Thc main mineral constituents are plagioclasc (mainly albite), quartz and minor mafic minerals. Mineralogically and chemically these rocks are classified as low-K dacite (trondhjemite/tonaIite type). Low Rb concentrations (< 5) and low RblSr ratios (<0.01 5), observed in studied plagiogranites and associated Fe-Ti enriched rock, are characteristic of oceanic derivatives. All elements, plotted on the primordial mantle normalized multi-element spidergrams show enriched patterns. Variations in the concentrations of Nb, Sr, Zr, and Y arc limited but other elements show wide variations. Strong negative anomalies for Nb are also observed. These rocks show characters analogous to those of orogenic granites, emplaced in volcanic arc settings. On the basis of observed petrological and gcochernical characteristics and their spatial association with Fe-Ti enriched mafic rocks, it is concluded that the Andaman plagiogranites are the integral part of AOS having crystallized from late stage immiscible silicate liquid.Keywords
Plagiogranite, Fe-Ti enriched mafic rocks, Geochemistry, Liquid Immiscibility, Andaman Ophiolite Suite.- Precambrian Mafic Magmatism in the Indian Shield: Retrospect and Prospect
Abstract Views :154 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
2 Department of Geology, Delhi University, Delhi - 110 007, IN
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
2 Department of Geology, Delhi University, Delhi - 110 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 73, No Spl Iss 1 (2009), Pagination: 7-11Abstract
No Abstract.- Precambrian Mafic Magmatism in the Bastar Craton, Central India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Igneous Petrology Laboratory, Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
1 Igneous Petrology Laboratory, Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 73, No Spl Iss 1 (2009), Pagination: 52-72Abstract
The Bastar craton has experienced many episodes of mafic magmatism during the Precambrian. This is evidenced from a variety of Precambrian mafic rocks exposed in all parts of the Bastar craton in the form of volcanics and dykes. They include (i) three distinct mafic dyke swarms and a variety of mafic volcanic rocks of Precambrian age in the southern Bastar region; two sets of mafic dyke swarms are sub-alkaline tholeiitic in nature, whereas the third dyke swarm is high-Si, low-Ti and high-Mg in nature and documented as boninite-norite mafic rocks, (ii) mafic dykes of varying composition exposed in Bhanupratappur-Keskal area having dominantly high-Mg and high-Fe quartz tholeiitic compositions and rarely olivine and nepheline normative nature, (iii) four suites of Paleoproterozoic mafic dykes are recognized in and around the Chattisgarh basin comprising metadolerite, metagabbro, and metapyroxenite, Neoarchaean amphibolite dykes, Neoproterozoic younger fine-grained dolerite dykes, and Early Precambrian boninite dykes, and (iv) Dongargarh mafic volcanics, which are classified into three groups, viz. early Pitepani mafic volcanic rocks, later Sitagota and Mangikhuta mafic volcanics, and Pitepani siliceous high-magnesium basalts (SHMB). Available petrological and geochemical data on these distinct mafic rocks of the Bastar craton are summarized in this paper. Recently high precision U–Pb dates of 1891.1±0.9 Ma and 1883.0±1.4 Ma for two SE-trending mafic dykes from the BD2 (subalkaline) dyke swarm, from the southern Bastar craton have been reported. But more precise radiometric age determinations for a number of litho-units are required to establish discrete mafic magmatic episodes experienced by the craton.
It is also important to note that very close geochemical similarity exist between boninite-norite suite exposed in the Bastar craton and many parts of the world. Spatial and temporal correlation suggests that such magmatism occurred globally during the Neoarchaean-Paleoproterozoic boundary. Many Archaean terrains were united as a supercontinent as Expanded Ur and Arctica at that time, and its rifting gave rise to numerous mafic dyke swarms, including boninitenorite, world-wide.
Keywords
Mafic Magmatism, Dykes, Volcanics, Precambrian, Bastar Craton, Central India.- Plates vs Plumes: A Geological Controversy
Abstract Views :181 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, IN
1 Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 77, No 3 (2011), Pagination: 281-281Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
- Structural Analyses of the Crystalline Rocks between Dirang and Tawang, West Kameng District, Arunachal Himalaya
Abstract Views :245 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
1 Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 78, No 1 (2011), Pagination: 45-56Abstract
In Kameng Valley of Arunachal Pradesh, the crystalline rocks of Se La Group of Higher Himalaya are thrust over the Lesser Himalayan rocks of Dirang Formation, Bomdila Group along the Main Central Thrust and exhibit well preserved structures on macro- to microscopic scales. Detailed analysis of structures reveals that the rocks of the area have suffered four phases of deformation D1, D2, D3 and D4. These structures have been grouped into (i) early structures (ii) structures related to progressive ductile thrusting and (iii) late structures. The early structures which developed before thrusting formed during D1 and D2 phases of deformation, synchronous to F1 and F2 phases of folding respectively. The structures related to progressive ductile shearing developed during D3 phase of deformation, when the emplacement of the crystalline rocks took place over the rocks of Dirang Formation along the Main Central Thrust. Different asymmetric structures/kinematic indicators developed during this ductile/brittle-ductile regime suggest top- to -SSW sense of movement of the crystalline rocks of the area. D4 is attributed to brittle deformation. Based on satellite data two new thrusts, i.e. Tawang and Se La thrusts have been identified parallel to Main Central Thrust, which are suggestive of imbricate thrusting. Strain analysis from the quartz grains of the gneissic rocks reveals constriction type of strain ellipsoid where k value is higher near the MCT, gradually decreases towards the north. Further, the dynamic analysis carried out on the mesoscopic ductile and brittle-ductile shear zones suggest a NNE-SSW horizontal compression corresponding to the direction of northward movement of Indian Plate.Keywords
Crystalline Rocks, Structural Analyses, Main Central Thrust, Arunachal Himalaya.- Petrological and Geochemical Studies of Paleoproterozoic Mafic Dykes from the Chitrangi Region, Mahakoshal Supracrustal Belt, Central Indian Tectonic Zone: Petrogenetic and Tectonic Significance
Abstract Views :751 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi – 221 005, IN
1 Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi – 221 005, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 80, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 369-381Abstract
A number of Paleoproterozoic mafic dykes are reported to intrude volcano-sedimentary sequences of the Mahakoshal supracrustal belt. They are medium to coarse-grained and mostly trend in ENE-WSW to E-W. Petrographically they are metadolerite and metabasite. Geochemical compositions classify them as sub-alkaline basalts to andesites with high-iron tholeiitic nature. Both groups, i.e. metabasites and metadolerites, show distinct geochemical characteristics; high-field strength elements are relatively higher in metadolerites than metabasites. This suggests their derivation from different mantle melts. Chemistry does not support any possibility of crustal contamination. Trace element modeling advocates that metabasite dykes are derived from a melt originated through ~20% melting of a depleted mantle source, whereas metadolerite dykes are probably derived from a tholeiitic magma generated through <10% melting of a enriched mantle source. Chemistry also reveals that the studied samples are derived from deep mantle sources. HFSE based discrimination diagrams suggest that metabasite dykes are emplaced in tectonic environment similar to the N-type mid-oceanic ridge basalts (N-MORB) and the metadolerite dykes exhibit tectonic setting observed for the within-plate basalts. These inferences show agreement with the available tectonic model presented for the Mahakoshal supracrustal belt. The Chitrangi region experienced N-MORB type mafic magmatism around 2.5 Ga (metabasite dykes) and within-plate mafic magmatism around 1.5-1.8 Ga (metadolerite dykes and probably other alkaline and carbonatite magmatic rocks).Keywords
Mafic Dykes, Petrology, Geochemistry, Petrogenesis, Emplacement Environment, Late Paleoproterozoic, Chitrangi, Mahakoshal Supracrustal Belt, CITZ.References
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