Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78)

M. S. Pandian ¹, B. K. Bhadra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, IN

Abstract

Earthquake of magnitude 3.9 occurred in Tiruppattur area of Tamil Nadu on 31 January 1997. The epicentral location lies on a seismically active N45°E fault zone, along which many late Proterozoic alkaline intrusives are emplaced. The earthquake resulted in the opening of few fractures on the surface and as a secondary effect, induced liquefaction of soil at the base of Elagiri Hills. Excessive rainfall which preceded this event could have possibly played a role in causing the earthquake.

Keywords

Earthquake, Liquefaction of Soil, Granulile Terrain, Tamil Nadu.

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B. K. Bhadra ¹, A. K. Gupta ¹, J. R. Sharma ¹, B. R. Choudhary ²

Affiliations
1 Regional Remote Sensing Service Centre, Dept. of Space, CAZRI Campus, Jodhpur - 342 003, IN
2 Department of Mines and Geology, Govt. of Rajasthan, Jodhpur, IN

Abstract

Remote sensing and GIS techniques have been found to be useful in mapping of mining areas, management of mineral resources and environmental impact analysis. These techniques help to monitor dynamic growth of mine areas and assess environmental impact caused by the mining activity. In the present study, multi-temporal satellite data have been used for mine area mapping and the environmental impact in Makrana marble and Jodhpur sandstone mines. Based on the satellite data analysis for the year 2003, the mining area of Makrana marble and Jodhpur sandstone has been estimated as 3.13 sq. km and 17.35 sq. km respectively. Mine mapping shows 495 smaller (<10000 sq. m) mines in Makrana and only 22 mines of same dimension in Jodhpur area. Department of Mines and Geology, Rajasthan allotted 817 lease areas (2.51 sq. km) in Makrana and 11948 lease areas (21.5 sq. km) in Jodhpur mining area. This indicates a vertical growth of mining activity for Makrana marble and lateral growth for Jodhpur sandstone. In the last 10-15 years, Jodhpur mining activity caused more damage on the natural drainage (destruction of 27.4 km length) in comparison to the damage on drainage (only 1.66 km length) in Makrana. Sandstone mining also paralyzed 50% of the Main Keru Canal in Jodhpur area. The present analysis indicates that unscientific and non-Mechanized methods in smaller mines pose threat to the environment, life and property. Hence, it is suggested that smaller and clustered mines need to be amalgamated through Co-Operative society for proper extraction of precious mineral resources and better environmental management.

Keywords

Mine Mapping, Mineral Resources, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Satellite Data, Makrana Marble, Jodhpur Sandstone, Rajasthan.

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B. K. Bhadra ¹, A. K. Gupta ¹, J. R. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Regional Remote Sensing Service Centre, Dept. of Space, CAZRI Campus, Jodhpur - 342 003, IN

Abstract

Sudden spurt of sub-Surface water oozing at Kalayat village in Jind district of Haryana has been reported in December, 2005. Oozing water has high temperature, high fluoride content but low in TDS, nitrate and total hardness indicative of palaeochannel source. This incidence coupled with the occurrence of a major earthquake in the Hindukush region on 13^th December, 2005 indicate source of the oozing water at Kalayat could possibly be from a palaeochannel of lost Saraswati.

Keywords

Groundwater, Palaeochannel, Kalayat, Saraswati, Haryana.

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B. K. Bhadra ¹, A. K. Gupta ¹, J. R. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Regional Remote Sensing Service Centre, Dept. of Space, CAZRI Campus, Jodhpur - 342 003, IN

Abstract

Detailed studies on the status of Saraswati Nadi of northern Haryana have been carried out using multi date and multi resolution satellite images, GIS techniques and ground data. Palaeochannels have been delineated using remote sensing techniques and validated using discovered archaeological sites, sedimentological data from drilled wells and water quality data. Detailed analysis of hydrological data (rainfall and stream discharge), catchment area and petrographic analysis of rock samples have been done to decipher the dwindling state of Saraswati Nadi. Likelihood of Adi Badri as the place of origin of Saraswati Nadi and its possible linkage with the Vedic Saraswati River is discussed. Suggestions have been given for safeguarding and revival of Saraswati Nadi as a national heritage.

Keywords

Remote Sensing, GIS, Palaeodrainage, Hydrogeology, Archaeology, Saraswati Nadi, Adi Badri, Haryana.

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