Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78)

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Quantification of Flow Patterns in Sheared Tonalite Crystal-Melt Mush: Application of Fractal-Geometry Methods


Affiliations
1 Tectonics and Material Fabrics Section, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Germany
2 Dipartimento Geomineralogico, Universita degli Studi di Bari, Italy
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Fractal-geometry-based analysis techniques offer simple and efficient ways for analyzing magmatic fabrics that are otherwise difficult to describe quantitatively. This study shows an application of two different methods on flow patterns observed in a syntectonic magmatic body injected into the lower crust. XZ and YZ rock cuts are scanned, and the scans are automatically transferred to binary patterns of mafic and felsic minerals. These are analyzed by boxcounting as well as the modified Cantor-dust method. Box-counting leads to characterization of the entire patterns, proves their fractality in two different scale ranges, and yields information about magma mingling and grain-aggregate forming processes. The modified Cantor-dust method quantifies the anisotropy of pattern complexity and represents a potentially powerful method for determination of shear sense during magmatic flow. Both methods represent useful tools specifically for analyzing diffuse magmatic fabrics and for connecting field-related studies with analyses on the microscale.

Keywords

Fabric Quantification, Box-Counting, Modified Cantor-Dust Method, Magmatic Flow, Syntectonic Intrusion.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • ALBERTZ, M. (2006) Relationships between melt-induced rheological transitions and finite strain; observations from host rock pendants of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, Sierra Nevada, California. Jour. Struct. Geol., v.28, pp.1422- 1444.

  • ALTENBERGER, U. and KRUHL, J.H. (2000) Dry high-temperature shearing in the fossil Hercynian lower crust of Calabria (southern Italy). Per. Mineral, v.69, pp.125-142.

  • ANDERSON, J.L. and SMITH, D.R. (1995) The effects of temperature and fO2 on the Al-in-hornblende barometer. American Mineralogist, v.80, pp.549-559.

  • BOUCHEZ, J.L., DELAS, C., GLEIZES, G., NEDELEC, A. and CUNEY, M. (1992) Submagmatic microfractures in granites. Geology, v.20, pp.35-38.

  • BUTTNER, S.H. (1999) The geometric evolution of structures in granite during continuous deformation from magmatic to solidstate conditions; an example from the central European Variscan Belt. American Mineralogist, v.84, pp.1781-1792.

  • CAGGIANELLI, A., PROSSER, G. and DI BATTISTA, P. (1997) Textural features and fabric analysis of granitoids emplaced at different depths: the example of the Hercynian tonalites and granodiorites from Calabria. Mineral. Petrogr. Acta, v.XL, pp.11-26.

  • CAGGIANELLI, A. AND PROSSER, G. and ROTTURA, A. (2000) Thermal history vs. fabric anisotropy in granitoids emplaced at different crustal levels: an example from Calabria, southern Italy. Terra Nova, v.12, pp.109-116.

  • CAGGIANELLI, A. and PROSSER, G. (2002) Modelling the thermal perturbation of the continental crust after intraplating of thick granitoid sheets: a comparison with the crustal sections in Calabria (Italy). Geol. Mag., v.139, pp.699-706.

  • DI BATTISTA, P. (1997) Studio petrologico e strutturale delle tonaliti erciniche di Squillace - Petrizzi (Serre, Calabria). PhD Thesis, Bari University, 103p.

  • FESTA, V., DI BATTISTA, P., CAGGIANELLI, A. and LIOTTA, D. (2003) Exhumation and tilting of the late Hercynian continental crust in the Serre Massif (southern Calabria, Italy). Boll. Soc. Geol It., v.2, pp.79-88.

  • FLOOK,A.G. (1979) The characterization of textural and structural profiles by the automated measurement of their fractal dimensions. 2nd European Symp. Particle Characterization, pp.591-599.

  • FUETEN, F. (1997) A computer controlled rotating polarizer stage for the petrographic microscope. Computers & Geosciences, v.23, pp.203-208.

  • GAILLOT, P., DARROZES, J., DE SAINT BLANQUAT, M. and OUILLON, G. (1997) The normalized optimized anisotropic wavelet coefficient (NOAWC) method; an image processing tool for multiscale analysis of rock fabric. Geophys. Res. Lett., v. 24, pp. 1819-1822.

  • GERIK, A. and KRUHL, J.H. (2009) Towards automated pattern quantification: time-efficient assessment of anisotropy of 2D pattern with AMOCADO. Computers & Geosciences, v.35, pp.1087-1097.

  • HARRIS, C., FRANSSEN, R. and LOOSVELD, R. (1991) Fractal analysis of fractures in rocks: the Cantor's Dust method - comment. Tectonophysics, v.198, pp.107-111.

  • HIGGINS, M.D. (2000) Measurement of crystal size distributions. American Mineralogist, v.85, pp.1105-1116.

  • KAYE, B.H. (1978) Specification of the ruggedness and/or texture of a fine particle profile by its fractal dimension. Powder Technology, v.21, pp.207-213.

  • KAYE, B.H. (1989) Random Walk through Fractal Dimensions. VCH Pubishers, Weinheim, New York.

  • KRUHL, J.H. (1992) The structural history of a lower crustal section (Calabria, Italy). 29th Int. Geol. Congress, Kyoto, Abstract Vol.3, 663p.

  • KRUHL, J.H. and NEGA, M. (1996) The fractal shape of sutured quartz grain boundaries: application as a geothermometer. Geologische Rundschau, v.85, pp.38-43.

  • KRUHL, J.H., ANDRIES, F., PETERNELL, M. and VOLLAND, S. (2004) Fractal geometry analyses of rock fabric anisotropies and inhomogeneities. In: D. Kolymbas (Ed.), Fractals in Geotechnical Engineering. Advances in Geotechnical Engineering and Tunnelling, v.9, Logos, Berlin, pp.115-135.

  • LAUNEAU, P. and ROBIN, P.Y.F. (1996) Fabric analysis using the intercept method. Tectonophysics, v.267, pp.91-119.

  • LAUNEAU, P. and CRUDEN,A.R. (1998) Magmatic fabric acquisition mechanisms in a syenite: results of a combined anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and image analysis study. Jour. Geophys. Res., v.103, pp.5067-5089.

  • LAVALLEE, Y., MEREDITH, P., DINGWELL, D.B., HESS, K.-U., WASSERMANN, B., CORDONNIER, B., GERIK,A. and KRUHL, J.H. (2008) Seismogenic lavas and eruption forecasting. Nature, v.453, pp.507-510.

  • LIOTTA, D., CAGGIANELLI, A., KRUHL. J.H., FESTA, V., PROSSER, G. and LANGONE,A. (2008) Multiple injections of magmas along a Hercynian mid-crustal shear zone (Sila Massif, Calabria, Italy). Jour.Struct. Geol., v.10, pp.1202-1217.

  • MANDELBROT, B.B. (1977) Fractals. W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco.

  • MARSH, B.D. (1988) Crystal size distribution (CSD) in rocks and the kinetics and dynamics of crystallization; 1. Theory. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.99, pp.277-291.

  • ORFORD, J.D. and WHALLEY, W.B. (1987) The quantitative description of highly irregular sedimentary particles: the use of fractal dimension. In: J.R. Marshall (Ed.), Clastic Particles. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, pp.267-280.

  • PANOZZO, R. (1987) Two-dimensional strain determination by the inverse SURFOR wheel. Jour. Struct. Geol., v.9, pp.115-119.

  • PATERSON, S.R., VERNON, R.H. and TOBISCH, O.T. (1989) A review of criteria for the identification of magmatic and tectonic foliations in granitoids. Jour. Struct. Geol., v.11, pp. 349-363.

  • PETERNELL, M. and KRUHL, J.H. (2009) Automation of pattern recognition and fractal-geometry based pattern quantification, exemplified by phase mineral distribution patterns in igneous rocks. Computers & Geosciences. doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2008. 11.001

  • PETERNELL, M., ANDRIES, F. andKRUHL, J.H. (2003) Magmatic flowpattern anisotropies - analyzed on the basis of a new 'mapcounting' fractal geometry method. Jour. Czech Geol. Soc., v.48(1), p.104.

  • PETERNELL, M., BITENCOURT, M.F. and KRUHL, J.H. (2007) New Methods for large-scale rock fabric quantification - the Piquiri Syenite Massif, Southern Brazil. In: M. Peternell, Gefugemuster in magmatischen Gesteinen - Methodenentwicklung, Automatisierung und geologische Relevanz. PhD thesis, Technische Universität München, 125p.

  • ROTTURA, A., BARGOSSI, G.M., CAIRONI, V., DEL MORO, A., MACCARRONE, E., MACERA, P., PAGLIONICO, A., PETRINI, R., PICCARRETA and POLI, G. (1990) Petrogenesis of contrasting Hercynian granitoids from the Calabrian Arc, southern Italy. Lithos, v.24, pp.97-119.

  • SCHENK, V. (1980) U-Pb and Rb-Sr radiometric dates and their correlation with metamorphic events in the granulite-facies basement of the Serre, Southern Calabria Italy. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., v.73, pp.23-38.

  • SCHENK, V. (1989) P-T-t paths of the lower crust in the Hercynian fold belt of southern Calabria. In: J.S. Daly, R.A. Cliff and B.W.D.Yardley (Eds.), Evolution of Metamorphic Belts. Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., v.43, pp.337-342.

  • SELINGER, P. (2003) Potrace: a polygon-based tracing algorithm. - Available at http://potrace.sourceforge.net/potrace.pdf

  • SMIT, TH.H., SCHNEIDER, E. and ODGAARD, A. (1998) Star length distribution: a volume-based concept for the characterization of structural anisotropy. Jour. Microscopy, v.191, pp.249-257.

  • THOMSON, S.N. (1994) Fission track analysis of the crystalline basement rocks of the Calabrian Arc, southern Italy: evidence of Oligo-Miocene late-orogenic extension and erosion. Tectonophysics, v.238, pp.331-352.

  • VELDE, B., DUBOIS, J., TOUCHARD, G. and BADRI,A. (1990) Fractal analysis of fractures in rocks: the Cantor's Dust method. Tectonophysics, v.179, pp.345-352.

  • VOLLAND, S. and KRUHL, J.H. (2004) Anisotropy quantification: the application of fractal geometry methods on tectonic fracture patterns of a Hercynian fault zone in NW-Sardinia. Jour. Struct. Geol., v.26, pp.1489-1500.


Abstract Views: 201

PDF Views: 0




  • Quantification of Flow Patterns in Sheared Tonalite Crystal-Melt Mush: Application of Fractal-Geometry Methods

Abstract Views: 201  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Axel Gerik
Tectonics and Material Fabrics Section, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Germany
Jorn H. Kruhl
Tectonics and Material Fabrics Section, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Germany
Alfredo Caggianelli
Dipartimento Geomineralogico, Universita degli Studi di Bari, Italy

Abstract


Fractal-geometry-based analysis techniques offer simple and efficient ways for analyzing magmatic fabrics that are otherwise difficult to describe quantitatively. This study shows an application of two different methods on flow patterns observed in a syntectonic magmatic body injected into the lower crust. XZ and YZ rock cuts are scanned, and the scans are automatically transferred to binary patterns of mafic and felsic minerals. These are analyzed by boxcounting as well as the modified Cantor-dust method. Box-counting leads to characterization of the entire patterns, proves their fractality in two different scale ranges, and yields information about magma mingling and grain-aggregate forming processes. The modified Cantor-dust method quantifies the anisotropy of pattern complexity and represents a potentially powerful method for determination of shear sense during magmatic flow. Both methods represent useful tools specifically for analyzing diffuse magmatic fabrics and for connecting field-related studies with analyses on the microscale.

Keywords


Fabric Quantification, Box-Counting, Modified Cantor-Dust Method, Magmatic Flow, Syntectonic Intrusion.

References