Journal of Endocrinology and Reproduction

M. R. Vijayababu ¹, P. Kanagaraj ¹, A. Arunkumar ¹, Siva Dhanammal ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, IN

Abstract

Recent estimates have placed prostate cancer as the most commonly diagnosed malignancy. It is the fourth most common cancer in men worldwide. Androgen dependent prostate cancer can responds to androgen ablative therapy. However, if the cell contains heterogeneous population of both androgen dependent and androgen independent, the androgen ablative therapy can only responds to androgen dependent cell population but not to independent cancer.

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M. Sridhar ¹, P. Venkataraman ¹, S. Dhanammal ¹, A. Arunkumar ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of Aroclor 1254 (2 mg/kg bwt/day/IP) for 30 days, induced oxidative stress in prostate of adult albino rats. Additionally antioxidants such as Quercetin (2 mg/kg bwt/day/oral), Vitamin C (500 mg/kg bwt/day/oral) and Vitamin E (50 mg/kg bwt/ day/oral) were administrated to evaluate their therapeutic potency against Aroclor 1254 induced stress for 10 days.

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S. Dhanammal ¹, M. Sridhar ¹, P. Venkataraman ¹, M. R. Vijayababu ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, M. M. Arlildhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALMPGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Aroclor 1254 (2mg/kg bwt/day/ip/30 days) induced oxidative stress in epididymis of adult albino rats. Antioxidants such as vitamin C (500mg/kg bwt/day/oral) were administered for 10 days to counter the effect of Aroclor 1254 induced oxidativestress.

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P. Mary Julie ¹, T. Malini ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

Effects of luteinizing hormone (LH), insulin and their combination on the regulation of prolactin (PRL) receptors on Leydig cells were studied. Leydig cells were isolated from adult male Wistar rats and measurement of PRL binding and internalization was done by incubating the cells with saturating concentration of ¹²⁵I-PRL in the presence or absence of different doses of unlabeled LH/ insulin. LH exposure caused biphasic pattern of changes in Leydig cells surface binding of ¹²⁵I-PRL was increased only by 100 and 200 ng doses of LH. Exposure of insulin at all doses registered no significant change in both cell surface bound and internalized PRL receptors. In normal cells, surface binding of ¹²⁵I-PRL was greater than the internalization at 34°C but at 4°C, surface binding remained lower than that at 34°C with negligible internalization.

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R. Sivakumar ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, P. Govindarajulu ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

Therapeutic or experimental radiation exposure is known to impair testicular Leydig cell function. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie such effects are largely unknown. Our previous study demonstrated that higher doses of gamma radiation impair basal and LH-stimulated cAMP production. The present study deals with the dose dependent effects of gamma radiation on LH and cAMP stimulated steroidogenesis in human Leydig cells. Testicles removed from advanced prostatic carcinoma patients, who do not have any endocrine or metabolic disorders known to affect the testicular functions were used in the present study. Prior to orchidectomy, serum hormones such as FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol were assayed to evaluate the testicular functions.

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P. Kanagaraj ¹, M. R. Vijayababu ¹, S. Sitta-Djody ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, P. Govindarajulu ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALMPGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600 113, IN

Abstract

Insulin like growth factors have been implicated in the regulation of prostate epithelial cell proliferation and induction of prostate cancer. Estrogens play an important role in prostate physiology and disease development. E₂ has been reported to regulate the production of IGFs and IGFBPs in prostate cell lines. Hence, it is attempted to study the effects of E₂ on the production of IGFs and IGFBPs in PC-3 cell line. The PC-3 cells (1x10⁵ cells/ well) were treated with different doses of E₂ (1,10 and 10 nM) for 24 hrs and 48 hrs, the conditioned media were collected and assayed for IGF-I and IGFBP-5. Dose and duration dependent effect of E₂ on IGF-I and IGFBP-5 on PC-3 eel lines will be discussed with available literature.

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A. Arunkumar ¹, P. Kanagaraj ¹, M. R. Vijayababu ¹, K. Balsubramanian ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

The cytochrome P450s are hemoproteins, which play critical role in the bioactivation and detoxicfication of a majority of xenobiotic substances such as drugs, environmental pollutants and dietary chemicals, and endogenous compounds such as steroids, fatty acids and prostaglandins. Environmental pollutants are main cause of several carcinogenesis, among these, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), are persistant environmental contaminants. Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies imply that garlic can be considered as a dietary anticarcinogenic component.

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P. Venkataraman ¹, M. Sridhar ¹, S. Dhanammal ¹, P. Murugesan ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai-600113, IN

Abstract

Effects of quercetin, vitamin C and E on PCB exposed ventral prostaitc zinc content were studied in adult albino rats, a group of 20 rats were treated with Aroclor 1254 (2 mg/kg bwt/day/IP) for 30 days. Five rats were treated as PCB control. The remaining 15 rats were subdivided into the following subgroups of five animals each. They were given vitamin C (500 mg/kgbwt/day/oral) for 10 days; vitamin E (50 mg/kg bwt/day/oral) for 10 days; quercetin (2 mg/kg bwt/day/oral) for 10 days.

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P. Murugesan ¹, J. Senthilkumar ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, P. Govindarajulu ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

To find out the effect of polychlorinated biphenyl compound Aroclor 1254 on rat Leydig cellular antioxiSant system, adult male rats were exposed to Aroclor 1254 (2 mg/kg b.wt.) mixed with com oil through intraperitoneal (ip) injection daily for 30 days. The control rats were administered com oil as vehicle. Testes were removed on the both groups and Leydig cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion and purified on discontinous percoll gradient.

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P. Kanagaraj ¹, M. R. Vijayababu ¹, B. Ravisankar ¹, J. Anbalagan ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr ALM Post-Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600 113, IN

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer that leads to death in elderly men. The risk of prostate cancer prevalence is often associated with elevated level of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and decreased level of IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3). Lycopene, a carotenoid, reduces the proliferation of cancer cells and, thus, induces apoptosis. Hence, higher intake of lycopene can be associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer. However, the mechanism of action of lycopene in prostate cancer is still unclear. The present study was carried out to find the effects of lycopene on the components of IGF system and apoptosis in an androgen-independent prostate cancer cell (PC-3). PC-3 cells were treated with various concentrations of lycopene, 20, 40 and 60 μM, each for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) levels and indication of apoptosis were evaluated. The proliferation of lycopene-treated PC-3 cells decreased significantly. At a concentration of 40 μM lycopene treatment significantly increased the level of IGFBP-3. Lycopene-induced apoptosis was indicated in annexin V and PI binding. Lycopene-induced DNA fragmentation was not detectable after 24 h after the treatment whereas the same was observed after 48 h treatment. There was a significant decrease in the IGF-IR expression after the cells were treated with lycopene and IGF-I. The data obtained suggest that the components of the IGF system may act as a positive regulator for lycopene-induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells. The results obtained are encouraging and may lead to the development of lycopene as a potential therapy for prostate cancer.

Keywords

Lycopene, IGFBP-3, IGF-I, IGF-IR, Prostate Cancer.

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R. llangovan ¹, M. Balaganesh ¹, S. Sittadjody ¹, R. Sivakumar ¹, M. Sridhar ¹, R. C. Vignesh ¹, B. Ravi Sankar ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, M. Michael Aruldhas ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600 113, IN

Abstract

In the present investigation, 100 osteoporotic men with 100 age-matched normal were studied for serum sex steroids, parathyroid hormone (PTH), thyroid hormone (T₃), cytokines and bone turnover markers. Serum dihydrotestosterone (DHT) was significantly decreased in osteoporotic men compared with normal. In osteoporotic men, there was a significant increase in serum interleukin (IL)-lalpha. A marked increase in bone formation marker, serum osteocalcin (OCN) and bone resorption marker, serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) reflects high bone turnover in osteoporotic men. In conclusion, the present findings point out an important role of DHT in maintaining BMD in men. A strong positive correlation of serum DHT with BMD offers new perspectives in understanding the role of non-aromatizable androgen in the regulation of bone metabolism in men.

Keywords

BMD, Cytokines, DHT.

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