International Journal of Plant Sciences https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps <div id="i-scholarabout">International Journal of Plant Sciences is an official publication of the HAS. It features the original research in all branches of Plant and other cognate sciences of sufficient relevance. The journal publishes three types of articles. i.e. Review/Strategy/Case study (exclusively by invitation from the personalities of eminence), Research paper and Research Note. The manuscripts should be submitted in triplicate with CD in al l respect to the Editor, international Journal of Plant Sciences</div> Hind Agri-Horticultural Society en-US International Journal of Plant Sciences 0973-1547 Assessment of Chilli Genotypes for Anthracnose Resistance Under Field Conditions https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204336 Anthracnose caused by complex of Colletotrichum species is an economically important disease of chilli. The study involved 132 genotypes grown under field conditions. Among the genotypes evaluated, fifteen genotypes were moderately resistant to anthracnose with fairly high yield. In the order of merit, the genotypes were CA 177 (10.74%), Paramakudi 1 (16.64%), F 507 (17.17%), Bird’s eye chilli (17.85%), Kadaladi 1 (19.70%), Ramnad local (20.64%), CO 1 (20.82%), TA/CA/ 10 (21.56%), CA 166 (21.94%), CA 188 (22.29%), Paramakudi 2 (22.45%), CA 13/6 (23.42%), Chilli CO hybrid 1 (24.36%), IC 342465 (24.68%) and CA 165 (25.70%). whereas, 40 genotypes were susceptible with PDI ranging from 26.30 to 50.69 per cent and majority of the genotypes (77nos) were found to be highly susceptible to anthracnose with per cent disease index ranging from 51.81 to 96.42 per cent. The moderately resistant genotypes identified in the present investigation will serve as donors or source of resistance for anthracnose. K. Arjun T. Arumugam M. Karthikeyan H. Usha Nandhini Devi S. Mohankumar 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Cytological and Anatomical Assessment of a Few Planting Materials of Tea (<I>Camellia</I> spp.) https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204337 In the present investigation, an effort was made to characterize and estimate the variation of 20 tea germplasm on the basis of cytological and anatomical characteristics. All the germplasm showed highly significant difference amongst them in all the parameters except the ploidy level. Here, all the germplasm were observed to be diploid having 2n=30 no. of chromosome. From the anatomical parameters it was observed that THT8 followed by THT5, THT7, THT13 showed characteristic more likely towards Cambod type also recorded with higher phloem index. The planting material noted with higher phloem index in the present study can be considered as hybrid population which may be a good parent material for breeding programme. Alija Burhagohain Aditi Smith Gogoi 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Study on Induced Mutations in M<sub>1</sub> Generation in Sorghum [<I>Sorghum bicolor</I> (l.) Moench ] https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204338 An investigation was carried out to create the variability generated through induced mutation in two sorghum populations viz., 296 B (<em>Kharif</em>) and Parbhani Moti (<em>Rabi</em>). Two mutagens viz., gamma irradiation (10 kR, 20kR, 30kR and 40kR) and EMS (0.1%EMS, 0.2%EMS, 0.3%EMS and 0.3%EMS) and their combination were used M<sub>1</sub> generation. Mutagenic sensitivity in M<sub>1</sub> generation on the basis of reduced germination and plant survival revealed a dose dependent reaction and differential response of the populations. LD<sub>50</sub> was found to be 20-30 kR in case of gamma irradiation and 0.3-0.4 per cent in EMS irrespective of the genotype. The irradiated population produced more number of superior segregants in respects of seed yield and its contributing traits compared to other populations. Three dwarf mutant, one brown midrib and tree drought tolerance confirmed from Parbhani Moti. S. M. Surashe H. V. Kalpande S. B. Borgaonkar 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Integrated Management of Bacterial Wilt of Ginger Incited by <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204339 An experiment was conducted to find out the integrated management of Ralstonia solanacearum infecting ginger. Two antibiotics, two biocontrol agents, one phytoextract and one organic amendment and their combination were used. The average reduction in pre emergence seed rot and post emergence seedling mortality recorded with all the treatments tested were ranged from 16.50 to 80.39 per cent over untreated. However, significantly highest reduction in average preemergence seed rot and post- emergence seedling mortality was recorded with streptocycline + <em>P. fluorescens</em> (80.39%). This was followed by streptocycline + karanj cake (72.31%), streptocycline + <em>T. viride</em> (69.55%), streptocycline (58.68%), karanj cake + <em>A. sativum</em> (48.49%), <em>P. fluorescens</em> (44.94%), karanj cake (36.79%). Whereas, <em>T. viride</em>, <em>A. sativum</em> and gentamycin were found least effective with comparatively minimum reduction in average mortality, 26.94, 20.94 and 16.50 per cent, respectively. Of the treatments tested, significantly highest ischolar_main length (8.60 cm), shoot length (18.43 cm) and vigour index (2342.69) were recorded with streptocycline + <em>P. fluorescens</em>. Roop Singh 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Correlation Studies for Seed Yield and Yield Attributes in Soybean [<I>Glycine max</I> (l.) Merrill] https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204340 An investigation entitled as “Correlation for yield and yield contributing traits in soybean [Glycine max (L).Merrill.] was conducted during Kharif 2018 at Instructional Farm, Department of Agriculture Botany, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agriculture University, Parbhani. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and seven treatments viz., T<sub>1</sub>-untreated seeds,T<sub>2</sub>-Polymer coating, T<sub>3</sub>-T<sub>2</sub>+Vitavax, T<sub>4</sub>-T<sub>3</sub>+GA3 100ppm, T<sub>5</sub>-T<sub>3</sub>+CCC 100ppm, T<sub>6</sub>-T<sub>3</sub>+, NAA 50ppm, T<sub>7</sub>- T<sub>3</sub>+IAA 50ppm. Seed yield is a complex character and is dependent on number of component characters. Therefore, study of relationship of characters with each other and with seed yield become more important in crop improvement programme. Therefore, it is essential to find out relative contribution of each of the component character with yield. In present study yield and yield contributing character of seed yield was positive and significant correlated with field plant height, number of branches per plant, chlorophyll content, leaf area, germination per cent, moisture per cent, total dry weight, 100 seed weight, oil content, protein content, harvest index and no. of seeds per pod. The results also obtained from this study days to 50 per cent flowering and days to harvest are negative significant to other yield and yield parameter. P. S. Chavan H. V. Kalpande S. V. Kalyankar S. B. Borgaonkar 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Management of Wilt and Dry Root Rot Diseases of Redgram [<I>Cajanus cajan</I> (l.) Millsp.] by using Actinomycetes https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204341 <em>Actinomycetes</em> were tested for their antagonistic activity against <em>Fusarium udum</em> and <em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em> under in vitro condition. Among the tested isolates of <em>Actinomycetes</em> AC (5) reported highest 82.85 per cent reduction of mycelial growth of <em>Fusarium udum</em> and 85.13 per cent reduction of mycelial growth of <em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em>. In the field experiment, five treatments were tested for the management of wilt and dry ischolar_main rot disease, T3- ST+ SA with <em>Actinomycetes</em> (AC 5) significantly recorded 71.92 and 70.38 per cent reduction of the wilt and dry ischolar_main rot diseases, respectively. These biocontrol agents were used an alternative to the chemical fungicide for controlling the wilt and dry ischolar_main rot incidence and enhanced the plant growth parameters and there by increased yield in redgram. S. Malathi 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Studies on Correlation and Path Analysis in Germplasm of Indian Mustard [<i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern and Coss.] https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204342 Studies on correlation revealed that seed yield per plant and harvest index exhibited significant positive correlation and both traits also demonstrated significant positive correlation with days to 50 per cent flowering and number of secondary branches per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic level. This indicated the strong association of seed yield per plant, harvest index, days to 50 per cent flowering and number of secondary branches per plant. Both genotypic and phenotypic correlation co-efficient for seed yield per plant was found significant positive correlation with days to 50 per cent flowering, number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant and harvest index. Number of siliqua per plant was found significant positive correlation with number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant and seed yield per plant. Number of secondary branches per plant was found significant positive correlation with days to 50 per cent flowering, number of primary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, seed yield per plant and harvest index. Further, the path co-efficient analysis showed lowresidual effect (0.00482, 0.00304 and 0.00167) during Rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18 indicating that most of the major yield components were included in the study. Harvest index percentage had the highest direct positive effects on seed yield per plant, number of siliqua per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, number of secondary branches per plant and days to maturity. Based on result it has been concluded that two traits namely seed yield per plant and harvest index exhibited significant positive correlation as well as direct effect on seed yield may be considered for selection and to improve the seed yield of the mustard germplasm. Dinesh Awasthi V. K. Tiwari V. S. Kandalkar 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Study on Mutagenic Effectiveness and Efficiency of Mutagens in Inducing Chlorophyll Mutations in M<sub>2</sub> Generation in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (l.) Moench ] https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204343 An investigation was carried out to create the variability generated through induced mutation in two sorghum populations viz., 296 B (<em>Kharif</em>) and Parbhani Moti (<em>Rabi</em>). Two mutagens viz., gamma irradiation (10 kR, 20kR, 30kR and 40kR) and EMS (0.1%EMS, 0.2%EMS, 0.3%EMS and 0.3%EMS) and their combination were used M<sub>2</sub> generation. Mutagenic sensitivity in M<sub>2</sub> generation on the basis of reduced germination and plant survival revealed a dose dependent reaction and differential response of the populations. In general, chlorophyll mutation frequency expressed on M<sub>2</sub> seedling basis increased linearly with doses of three the mutagens in 296 B and Parbhani Moti. The frequency was more in 296 B followed by Parbhani Moti of three mutagens. The spectrum of chlorophyll mutations comprised albina, xantha, viridis, xanthaviridis, chlorina. The most frequently occurred mutant was viridis type followed by chlorina in all the populations. The population 296 B had expressed largest frequency of chlorophyll mutants followed by Parbhani Moti. S. M. Surashe H. V. Kalpande S. B. Borgaonkar 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Effect of Integrated Nitrogen Management on Quality of Rice https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204344 A field experiment was conducted during <em>Kharif</em>, 2012 at Rice Research Unit, Bapatla to study the quality of rice affected by integrated use of nitrogen. The experiment was laidout in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments. Results of the investigation revealed that significantly the highest quality parameters of rice like head rice recovery, volume expansion ratio, iron and zinc content were recorded by the application of 50 per cent nitrogen though organics and 50 per cent nitrogen through in-organics and it was on par with 100 per cent RDN through organic source treatment. K. Anny Mrudhula B. Krishna Veni 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Effect Of Seed Coating On Seed Quality And Yield Of Soybean [<I>Glycine max</I> (l.) Merrill] https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204345 An investigation on effect of seed coating on seed quality and yield of soybean [<em>Glycine max</em> (L).Merrill] was conducted during <em>Kharif</em> 2018 at Instructional Farm, Department of Agriculture Botany, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agriculture University, Parbhani. The experiment was laid out inRandomized BlockDesign with three replications and seven treatments viz., T<sub>1</sub>-Untreated seeds,T<sub>2</sub>-Polymer coating, T<sub>3</sub>-T<sub>2</sub>+Vitavax, T<sub>4</sub>-T<sub>3</sub>+GA3 100ppm, T<sub>5</sub>-T<sub>3</sub>+CCC 100ppm, T<sub>6</sub>-T<sub>3</sub>+, NAA 50ppm, T<sub>7</sub>- T<sub>3</sub>+IAA 50ppm. The experiment was conducted to study effect of different seed coating treatments such as seed on quality and yield of soybean. From the present investigation it was observed that T<sub>4</sub> (T<sub>3</sub>+GA3) 100ppm followed by T<sub>6</sub>- (T<sub>3</sub>+, NAA50ppm) and T<sub>7</sub> - (T<sub>3</sub>+IAA) 50ppm, recorded higher seed quality and yield contributing traits. Mean days for 50 per cent flowering and mean days to harvest found non-significant. Treatment T<sub>4</sub>- (T<sub>3</sub>+GA3 100ppm) found superior in increasing plant height over treatment T<sub>5</sub>- (T<sub>3</sub>+CCC100ppm).In treatment T<sub>4</sub>-(T<sub>3</sub>+GA3) 100ppm was found superior for number of branches, leaf area content, chlorophyll content, number of pods per plant, number of seed per pod. Yield per plot and per ha., test weight, harvest index followed by treatments T<sub>6</sub>- (T<sub>3</sub>+NAA50ppm) and T<sub>7</sub>-(T<sub>3</sub>+IAA 50ppm than all other seed coating treatments over the control. Biochemical studies found that, oil content and protein content higher in T<sub>7</sub>-(T<sub>3</sub>+IAA50ppm) followed by treatments T<sub>6</sub>-(T<sub>3</sub>+,NAA50ppm) and T<sub>5</sub>-(T<sub>3</sub>+CCC100ppm) than all other coating treatments over the control. Seed germination (%), seed moisture (%), plant total dry weight, was significantly in treatment T<sub>4</sub>- (T<sub>3</sub> + GA3100ppm) followed by treatments T<sub>6</sub>-(T<sub>3</sub>+ NAA50ppm) and T<sub>7</sub>-(T<sub>3</sub>+IAA50ppm) than all other seed coating treatments over the untreated seed. H. V. Kalpande P. S. Chavan S. B. Borgaonkar A. B. Bagade 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Identification and Tagging of QTLs for Arjunolic Acid in <I>Terminalia arjuna</I> among Indian Sub Populations by Association Mapping and Linkage Disequilibrium https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204346 The content of cardiotonic arjunolic acid in <em>Terminalia arjuna</em> vary among the population. We studied the population structure and the association between the molecular markers and its active ingredient among 140 plants collected from various agroclimatic zones in India. Large variation was detected for the arjunolic acid in this study showing suitableness of the genotypes. The maximum arjunolic acid content was approximately 238 per cent higher than the lowest value for the genotypes and was found to be considerably correlated to bark thickness, bark fresh weight and bark dry weight. The population structure studies described the existence of nine subpopulations. As the distance increased between the associated markers, Linkage disequilibrium (LD) reduction and a considerable reduction in LD decay was ascertained. Eleven QTL regions associated with arjunolic acid were identified from a genome-wide marker-trait association study. Fine-scale resolution detected significant LD among 3.4 per cent RAPD paired loci and 8.7 per cent ISSR paired loci and 6.7 per cent RAPD paired loci and 13.3 per cent ISSR paired loci. Importantly LD decay found to start at a distance of &gt;20bp from the loci on the genome of <em>T. arjuna</em> accessions. Finally, association mapping (AM) in arjun tightly linked to OPT09 which can be a possible substitute to QTL mapping methodology. Sonu Bharti 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15 Mechanized System Rice Intensification (MSRI) in Rice Cultivation at Visakhapatnam District of Andhra Pradesh https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/Ijps/article/view/204347 Paddy is major predominant crop during <em>kharif</em> in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, cultivated in an area of 102074 ha, out of total cropped area of 180164 ha with productivity of 2524 kg/ha. Farmers grow crop by adopting traditional method of paddy cultivation, use more seed rate, close spacing, late transplanting with over aged seedlings common phenomenon due to erotic rainfall Scarcity of labour and escalation in labour wages, reduction in labor efficiency are leading to low net returns. Organized On Farm Trials (OFTs) in farmer fields in two seasons <em>Kharif</em>, 2018 and <em>Kharif</em>, 2019. MSRI technology in paddy recorded 20.76% yield over normal transplanting method of paddy cultivation during both <em>Kharif</em> seasons. The results from the study showed that the farmers realized additional net income of Rs.15038 due to increased grain yield by 20.76% with reduction of cost of cultivation by Rs. 1150, it could be attributed to reduction in manual labour per ha and also increase in yield attributes. K. Tejeswara Rao P. B. Pradeep Kumar E. Chandrayudu 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 15