International Journal of Plant Protection

M. R. Taware ¹, V. M. Gholve ¹, S. S. Wagh ¹, D. P. Kuldhar ¹, D. V. Pawar ¹, A. A. Chavan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Prabhani (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Eight culture media, eight temperature levels, nine pH levels, seven carbon and six nitrogen sources tested exhibited better growth of Alternaria carthami. Results revealed that Potato dextrose agar gave significantly highest growth (90.00 mm), followed by Potato malt agar (84.16 mm) with excellent sporulation. Temperature levels indicated that highest mean mycelial growth (85.66 mm) was recorded at 30°C followed by 25°C (83.83 mm) and 20°C (66.33 mm). However, maximum mean mycelial growth (85.83 mm) was recorded at pH 6.5 with excellent sporulation, followed by at pH 6 (82.00 mm) and pH 7 (70.33 mm) with excellent and good sporulation, respectively. The carbon sources exhibited varied radial mycelial growth and sporulation of the test pathogen. However, highest radial mycelial growth (86.00 mm) and excellent sporulation was recorded on glucose, followed by on maltose (82.83 mm) and starch (80.33 mm) with excellent sporulation. Nitrogen sources resulted highest radial mycelial growth (82.55 mm) and excellent sporulation on potassium nitrate, followed by on peptone (75.83 mm) with good sporulation. Least radial mycelial growth (19.00 mm) was recorded on urea with poor sporulation.

Keywords

Alternaria Carthami, Mycelial Growth, Carbon And Nitrogen Sources

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A. A. Wanggikar ¹, S. S. Wagh ², D. P. Kuldhar ², D. V. Pawar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Latur (M. S.), IN
2 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Prabhani (m.s.), IN
3 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Prabhani (M.S.), IN

Abstract

A study was conducted in the of Department Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Latur, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India, during 2011 to control Alternaria porri causing Alternaria blight of onion with fungicides, botanical and bio-agents. Among nine treatments, six fungicides (@ 100, 200, 250 and 500 ppm concentrations), one plant extract and two bioagents (@ 500 ppm) were evaluated in vitro in vivo and were found effective against A. porri and recorded significant inhibition of the test pathogen over untreated control. However, in vitro result revealed that in hexaconozole cent per cent (100.00 %) inhibition was observed, followed by difenoconazole (83.91 %), mancozeb (63.58%), P. florescence (58.94 %) and T. viride (54.45%). The minimum per cent inhibition was observed in chlorothalonil (31.40 %) followed by plant extract NSKE (43.92 %), copper oxychloride (46.87 %) and carbandazim (47.11 %). In vivo results revealed that hexaconozole (0.1%) was found most effective and recorded significantly least mean disease incidence (6.03 %) and intensity (13.33 %) with corresponding significantly increased bulb yield (438.00 q/ha) followed by mancozeb (@ 0.2%) and copper oxychloride (0.25%) which recorded significantly mean disease incidence of 6.83 and 8.53 per cent and intensity, 15.00 and 20.00 per cent, respectively and gave correspondingly bulb yield, respectively of 375.00 and 429.00 q/ha. The botanical tested, A. indica (@ 5%) was found antifungal against A. porri and recorded significantly disease incidence (7.96 %) and intensity (27.00 %), and gave the bulb yield (290.00 q/ha). Both fungal and bacterial antagonists tested were found not so effective to reduce incidence and intensity, attempt increased the bulb yield over unsprayed control.

Keywords

Onion, Alternaria Porri, Purple Blotch, In Vitro And in Vivo Evaluation

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S. D. Patil ¹, J. R. Kadam ², A. G. Chandele ², S. S. Wagh ², R. S. Jadhav ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Station, Niphad, Nasik (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Entomology, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidhyapeeth, Rahuri, Ahmednagar (M. S.), IN

Abstract

The entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschinikoff) Sorokin was mass produced in different liquid media. The nine media of various nutrient sources were evaluated to find out the most suitable medium for growth, biomass and viability of M.anisopliae. Sabouraud's dextrose broth with yeast extract proved to be the superior which gave significantly highest cfu (12.33x108/ml) and biomass (7.20g). The next best medium was Sabouraud's maltose broth with yeast extract and potato dextrose broth with yeast extract which registering cfu count of (10.33 × 108 and 10.67 × 108cfu/ml) and biomass (6.27 and 5.73 g), respectively. The lowest (48.33%) medium surface coverage and least biomass (1.57g) and cfu (4.33 × 108/ ml) were registered in medium with malt extract. Thus, considering growth, development and viability of M.anisopliae, Sabouraud's dextrose broth with yeast extract (SDY) emerged as the most potential medium for biomass production.

Keywords

Metarhizium Anisopliae, Yeast Extract, Biomass, Colony Forming Unit

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Amreen Begum ¹, M. S. Dadke ¹, S. S. Wagh ², D. P. Kuldhar ², D.V. Pawar ², A. A. Chavan ², D. S. Thaware ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Latur (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani (M. S.), IN

Abstract

Stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. has been observed to cause rapid mortality in chilli plantations. Among eight fungicides and eight botanicals tested in vitro against S. rolfsii, the result revealed that maximum (100%) inhibition was observed in carboxin, propiconazole, hexaconazole, difenconazole and carbendazim at all three concentrations viz., 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm followed by captan (79.30, 82.76 and 85.23%) and triadimenfon (49.13, 60.23 and 65.33%) over control. Minimum per cent of inhibition was observed in the plates poisoned with copper oxychloride (47.26, 51.63 and 54.40%), respectively at all three concentrations. Among botanicals, at 5 and 10 per cent concentrations, significantly highest average inhibition was recorded with neem (74.81%), followed by tulsi (67.10%) and nirgudi (65.81%). Significantly least average inhibition was recorded with sorghum (47.23 %). The rest of the botanicals recorded more than 50.00 per cent average inhibition of mycelial growth over untreated control (00.00%).

Keywords

Chilli, S. Rolfsii, Stem Rot, in Vitro Evaluation, Fungicides, Botanicals

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V. M. Gholve ¹, S. V. Pawar ¹, S. S. Wagh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Survey was conducted in four districts of Marathwada region of Maharashtra during Rabi 2013 to know the incidence and intensity of leaf blight disease caused by Alternaria carthami. The disease was predominant in all the districts surveyed. Highest per cent disease incidence and intensity was reported in Hingoli (42.08 and 38.46 %, respectively). This was followed by Nanded (40.07 and 36.03 %, respectively).

Keywords

Alternaria Blight, Incidence, Carthamus tinctorius, Severity Survey.

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V. M. Gholve ¹, V. R. Tatikundalwar ¹, S. S. Wagh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Brinjal or egg plant (Solanum melongena L.) is widely grown vegetable crop in India. Of the various diseases affecting brinjal, damping off caused by Pythium ultimum Trow. is one of the most destructive diseases causing several yield losses. The pathogen (P.ultimum) from naturally diseased brinjal plant showing typical symptoms of damping off was successfully isolated on the basal culture medium potato dextrose agar. The fungus P.ultimum produce nonseptate, well branched, colourless to whitish mycelium, sporangia on indeterminate sporangiophores when observed under the microscope. Pathogenicity of Pythium ultimum Trow. was proved by sick soil method in pot culture, sowing brinjal cv. HADGAON LOCAL under screen house condition. The pathogen was reisolated on PDA from artificially diseased brinjal seedling, and compared its cultural and morphological characteristics with the original fungus isolated from the naturally damping off diseased brinjal plant. Based on the typical symptoms of damping off, morphological and cultural characteristics, microscopic observations and pathogenicity test; the test pathogen was identified and confirmed as P. ultimum. Results revealed that of 13 brinjal cultivar lines, five lines viz., EPM-564, Ajay, Kranti seed, Brinjal MG and Puneri Kateri were moderately susceptible with disease incidence in the range of 11.10 to 16.66 per cent and five lines viz., Vishal, Arnav, Local Pingali, Local Kinwat, Local Hadgaon were susceptible with the disease incidence of about 22.21 to 44.44 per cent.

Keywords

Brinjal, Isolation, Pathogenicity, In vitro, Screening, Pythium ultimum.

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