Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Naveen Kumar, R.
- Food Safety in Domestic Refrigerators - A Mixed Methods Study to Identify Key Messages for Promoting Safe Storage Practices among Households
Abstract Views :286 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Ramya Yella
1,
R. Naveen Kumar
2,
Sudershan R. Vemula
2,
Balakrishna Nagalla
3,
SubbaRao M. Gavaravarapu
4
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007 Telangana State, IN
2 Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
3 Division of Biostatistics National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
4 Extension and Training Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007 Telangana State, IN
2 Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
3 Division of Biostatistics National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
4 Extension and Training Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 53, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 1-14Abstract
A significant proportion of foodborne diseases arise from practices in home kitchens. Not only how food is handled but also how it is stored determines its safety. The current study aimed to assess knowledge and practices of households related to storage of foods in refrigerator and identify key messages to promote safe storage practices. A cross-sectional study employing mixed methods (combination of quantitative and qualitative methods) was carried out among households who owned refrigerators. Quantitative data on knowledge and practices were collected from women (n=120) who were responsible for cooking and storing foods at household level using a pretested questionnaire and qualitative data on status of the refrigerators was collected using non-participant observation technique. Leftover foods stored in refrigerators for > 24h were collected from a sub-sample (n=18) to assess the presence of food pathogens. Over 34.2% preserved leftover non-vegetarian foods at room temperature. About 65% stored leftover foods in refrigerators for >24h. Only 10% cleaned the refrigerator every week and about 20% had knowledge of the working temperature of the refrigerators. There was a significant association (P<0.05) between education and knowledge as well as practices among households. Salmonella spp. (44.4%), E. coli (27.7%), fecal coliforms (11.1%) and S. aureus (5.5%) were detected in refrigerated leftover foods. Observational studies revealed some risky storage behaviors. Most of the households are not aware of the safe storage and refrigeration practices. The detected foodborne pathogens in refrigerated leftover food samples indicate a potential hazard in refrigerated foods. The study identified five key messages for food safety communication.Keywords
Refrigeration, Food Safety, Practices, Knowledge, Key Messages.
References
- World Health Organisation. 2006 - Food Safety and foodborne diseases. Fact Sheet No. 237.Availablefromhttp://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs237/en/index.html [Accessed on 5 June 2013].
- Gavaravarapu, S.M., Smith, K.C. and Rima, R.N. A case for refining the WHO Global Strategy on Food Safety: perspectives from India. Lancet Glob. Health., 2013, 1, 254-255.
- Scott, E. Foodborne disease and other hygiene issues in the home. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 1996, 80, 5-9.
- Bryan, F.L. Risks of practices, procedures and processes that lead to outbreaks of foodborne diseases. J. Fd. Prot., 1988, 51, 663–673.
- Scott, E., Bloomfield. S.F. and Barlow, C.G. An investigation of microbial contamination in the home. J. Hygiene. 1982, 89, 279–293.
- Medeiros, C.L., Hillers, N.V., Bergmann, V., Kendall, P. and Schroeder, M. Food safety education: What should we be teaching to consumers? J. Nutr. Edu., 2001, 33, 108–113.
- Polasa, K., Sudershan, R.V., Subba Rao, G.M., Rao, M.V.V., Rao, P. and Sivakumar, B. KABP study on food and drug safety in India - A report. Hyderabad: Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, National Institute of Nutrition, 2006.
- World Health Organization. Five keys to safer food manual. Geneva: WHO. 2006. Available at: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/5keysmanual/en/ [Accessed on 18th April 2015]
- Kennedy, J., Jackson, V., Blair, I.S, McDowell, D.A., Cowan, C. and Bolton, D.J. Food safety knowledge of respondents and the microbiological and temperature status of their refrigerators. J. Fd. Prot., 2005, 68, 1421-1430.
- Nthenge, K.A., Chen, C.F. and Godwin, L.S. Occurrence of Listeria and Entero bacteriaceae in domestic refrigerators. J. Fd. Prot., 2008, 71, 608-612.
- Gettings, A.M. and Kiernan, E.N. Practices and perceptions of food safety among seniors who prepare meals at home. J. Nutr. Edu., 2001, 33, 148-154.
- Gavaravarapu, S.M. and Nair, K.M. From farm to plate and beyond – A culture & context specific perspective for food safety. Ind. J. Med. Res., 2015, 141, 377-379.
- Jay, S.L., Comar and Govenlock, D.L. A National Australian food safety telephone survey. J. Fd. Prot., 1999, 62, 921-928.
- Marklinder, I.M., Lindblad, M., Eriksson, L.M., Finnson, A.M. and Lindqvist, R. Home storage temperatures and consumer handling of refrigerated foods in Sweden. J. Fd. Prot., 2004, 67, 2570-2577.
- Towns, E.R., Cullen, W.R., Memken, A.J. and Nnakwe, E.N. Food safety-related refrigeration and freezer practices and attitudes of consumers in Peoria and surrounding countries. J. Fd. Prot., 2006, 69, 1640-1645.
- FSIC (food Safety Information Council). Food safety tips – fruits and vegetables. Available at: http://www.foodsafety.asn.au/resources/fruit-and-vegetables/ (Accessed on 29th November 2015)
- Mitakakis, T.Z., Sinclair, M.I., Fairley, C.K., Lightbody, P.K., Leder, K. and Hellard, M.E. Food safety in family homes in Melbourne, Australia. J. Fd. Prot., 2004, 67, 818-822.
- Exposure Assessment of Artificial Sweeteners among Type 2 Diabetic, Overweight and Obese Individuals
Abstract Views :390 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
2 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
3 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Division of Biostatistics, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
2 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
3 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Division of Biostatistics, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 53, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 268-276Abstract
In recent years consumption of artificially sweetened foods and beverages became popular in India, with the regulatory formulations to use them in selected foods; their inclusion especially in sweets, biscuits and beverages has increased. There are many concerns rising regarding their safety and is becoming an area of controversy. So an exposure assessment has been carried out to evaluate intake levels among type II diabetic, overweight and obese individuals. A cross-sectional study design was applied and a food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain the information on consumption pattern. Range, standard deviation and mean daily intake levels were calculated and the values were compared with an appropriate Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). Results indicated that, the mean daily intake levels of aspartame (0.85±0.75) were found to be high among type 2 diabetic individuals whereas sucralose (0.41±0.41) and acesulfame-k (0.07±0.02) were high among overweight group. There was a significant difference (p<0.0001) observed in intake levels among both groups and all the sweeteners were found to be well within the ADI levels.Keywords
Artificial Sweeteners, Diabetes, Aspartame, Overweight and Obesity.References
- Ahmad, S., Farooq, A.K., Abdul, H. and Muhammad, S.N. A Review on potential toxicity of artificial sweeteners vs. safety of stevia: A natural bio-sweetener J. Bio, Agric. Healthcare., 2014, 4, 137-147.
- JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives), Neotame – food additive series 52, First draft prepared by Dr P.J. Abbott, 2004.
- Sam Kacew., Taylor and Francis. Lu’s Basic Toxicology: Fundamentals, target organs and risk assessment. ADI: LU, Frank C., 2002, 8, 364 - 415.
- FDA (Food and Drug Administration), FDA’s response to European Aspartame Study. [Last accessed on 2011 Feb 4]. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/NEWS/2006/ NEW01369.html.
- FSSAI, Food safety and standards authority of India, regulations 2011 part I and part II, prohibition and restriction on sales. [Last accessed on 2015 Feb 11].
- Bellisle, F. and Drewnowski, A. Intense sweeteners, energy intake and the control of body weight. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 2007, 61, 691–700.
- Rejeanne, G., Kristy, L. and Catherine, J. Canadian diabetes association national nutrition committee technical review: non-nutritive intense sweeteners in diabetes management. Canada J. diab., 2004, 28, 385-399.
- DeNoon, Daniel, J. Drink more diet soda, gain more weight? Overweight risk soars 41% with each daily can of diet soft drink, Web MD Medical News (2005) [Last accessed on 2015 Feb 11].
- Swithers, S.E. and Davidson, T.L. A role for sweet taste: Calorie predictive relations in energy regulation by rats. Behav. Neurosci., 2008, 122, 161–173.
- Mathur, P. and Arushi Jain. Intake of processed foods and selected food additives among teenagers of 13-19 years of Delhi, India: Asian J. multidiscipl. stud., 2014, 4, 64-77.
- Tripathi, M., Khanna, S.K. and Das, M. Usage of saccharin in food products and its intake by the population of Lucknow, India. J. Fd. Additives. Contaminants, 2006, 23, 1270-1275.
- Llback, N.G., Alzin, M., Jahrl, S., Enghardt-Barbieri, H. and Busk, L. Estimated intake of the artificial sweeteners acesulfame-k, aspartame, cyclamate and saccharin in a group of Swedish diabetics. J. Fd. Addit. Contam., 2003, 20, 99-114.
- Poonam singhal and Pulkit Mathur, Availability and consumption pattern of artificial sweeteners among diabetics, overweight individuals and college girls in Delhi. Ind. J. Dietet., 2008, 45, 26.
- Leclercq, C., Berardi, D., Sorbillo, M.R. and Lambe, J. Intake of saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame- K and cyclamate in Italian teenagers: present levels and projections. J. Fd. Addit. Contam., 1999, 16, 99–109.
- Arcella, D., Le Donne, C., Piccinelli, R. and Leclercq, C. Dietary estimated intake of intense sweeteners by Italian teenagers. Present levels and projections derived from the INRANRM2001 food survey. J. Fd. Chem. Toxicol., 2004, 42, 677–685.
- Wilson, L.A., Wilkinson, K., Crews, H.M., Davies, A.M., Dick, C.S and Dumsday, V.L. Urinary monitoring of saccharin and acesulfame-K as biomarkers of exposure to these additives. J. Fd. Addit. Contam., 1999, 16, 227–238.
- Bemrah. N., Leblanc, J.C. and Volatier, J.L. Assessment of dietary exposure in the French population to 13 selected food colours, preservatives, antioxidants, stabilizers, emulsifiers and sweeteners. J. Fd. Addit. Contam., 2008, 1, 2–14.
- Serra-Majem, L., Bassas, L., Garcia-Glosas, R., Ribas, L., Ingles, C., Casals, I., Saavedra, P. and Renwick, A.G. Cyclamate intake and cyclohexylamine excretion are not related to male fertility in humans. J. Fd. Addit. Contam., 2003, 20, 1097–1104.
- Leth, T., Jensen, U., Fagt, S. and Andersen, R. Estimated intake of intense sweeteners from non-alcoholic beverages in Denmark, 2005. J. Fd. Addit. Contam., 2008, 25, 662–668.
- Garnier-sagne, I., Leblanc, J.C. and Verger, P. Calculation of the intake of three intense sweeteners in young insulin-dependent diabetics. J. Fd. Chem. Toxicol., 2001, 39, 745-749.
- Christina, R., Boullata, J. and McCauley, L.A. The potential toxicity of artificial sweeteners. Work place, Health and Safety, 2008, 56, 251-259.
- Development of Ingenious Technique for Salmonella Decontamination of Spices Using Hybrid Technology of Ozone-Pulsed UV
Abstract Views :282 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, IN
2 Eesavyasa Technologies Pvt.Ltd., Hyderabad, IN
1 Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Jamai Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, IN
2 Eesavyasa Technologies Pvt.Ltd., Hyderabad, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 54, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 376-386Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of using hybrid technology of ozone pulsed UV to decontaminate Salmonella on spices such as chilli and pepper. The effect of ozone in combination with UV was tested against the pure culture of Salmonella. The results indicated that 0.2 ppm concentration of ozone was very effective in reducing (2 log reduction) the Salmonella population. Effect of ozone and extended duration of UV on Salmonella showed a significant reduction at 0.2 ppm (5 log), 0.8 ppm (2 log) and 1.4 ppm (5 log) along with 20 min of extended UV exposure. Inactivation of Salmonella in chilli (six trials) and their log reduction by ozone with extended UV indicated a significant reduction of 1 log at 1.4 ppm conc. of ozone and 15 min of exposure time along with 30 mins of UV exposure. Similarly 2 log reduction of Salmonella was observed in pepper. Analysis of moisture, ash and fat content of ozone treated and non treated spice samples indicated that they are not significant to each other. The results demonstrated that the hybrid technology of ozone pulsed UV is an effective alternative microbial reduction technique for spices.Keywords
Hybrid Technology, Ozone Pulsed UV, Fumigator, Spices, Decontamination, Salmonella.References
- Grover, J.M., Luna, A.J., Wood, T.L., Chamakura, K.R. and Everett, G.F.K. Complete Genome of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium T5-Like Siphophage Stitch. Genome Announcement, 2015, 3, 01435-14.
- World Health Organization, 2013. Salmonella (Non Typhoidal). Fact Sheet N° 139. Retrieved June 6, 2016 from. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs139/en/
- Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Report No. 937 FIPM/ R937 (En). Report of the FAO expert workshop on the application of biosecurity measures to control Salmonella contamination in sustainable agriculture. Mangalore, India, 19–21 January 2010, Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i1547e/i1547e00.pdf Accessed 20-06-16.
- American Spice Trade Association (ASTA), 2011. Clean, Safe Spices: Guidance from the American Spice Trade Association (Washington DC). Available at: http://www.astaspice.org/food-safety/clean-safe-spices-guidance-document/. Accessed 20-10-16.
- Food and Drug Administration. Import Refusal Reports. Available at: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/importrefusals/ Accessed 01-06-16.
- Chmielewski, A.G. and Migda³, W. Radiation decontamination of herbs and spices. NUKLEONIKA, 2005, 50, 179-184.
- Nicorescu, B., Nguyen, M., Moreau-Ferret, A., Agoulon, S., Chevalier, N. and Orange. Pulsed light inactivation of Bacillus subtilis vegetative cells in suspensions and spices. Fd. Control., 2013, 31, 151-157.
- Dababneh, B.F. An innovative microwave process for microbial decontamination of spices and herbs. African J. Microbiol. Res., 2013, 7, 636-645.
- Kim, C. and Hung, Y.C. Inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 on blueberries by electrolyzed water, ultraviolet light and ozone. J. Fd. Sci., 2012, 77, 206-211.
- Selma, M.V., Ibanez, A.M, Cantwell, M. and Suslow, T. Reduction by gaseous ozone of Salmonella and microbial flora associated with fresh-cut cantaloupe. Fd. Microbiol., 2008, 25, 558-565.
- Zhao, J. and Cranston, P.M. Microbial decontamination of black pepper by ozone and the effect of the treatment on volatile oil constituents of the spice. J. Sci. Fd. Agric., 1995, 68, 11-18.
- Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. (2005). 18th edition, Vol. 1, Sec 4-1.03; 10
- Kim, J., Yousef, A.E. and Chism, G.W. Use of ozone to inactivate microorganisms on lettuce. J. Fd. Safety, 1999, 19, 17-34.
- Kaess, G. and Weidemann, J.F. Effects of ultraviolet irradiation on the growth of microorganisms on chilled beef slices. J. Fd. Technol., 1973, 8, 59-69.
- Khadre, M.A., Yousef, A.E. and Kim, G. Microbiological aspects of ozone applications in food: A Review. J. Fd. Sci., 2001, 66, 1242-1252.
- Dodd, J.G., Vegi, A., Vashisht, A., Tobias, D., Schwarz, P., Wolf-Hall. C.E. Effect of ozone treatment on the safety and quality of malting barley. J. Fd. Protect., 2011, 74, 2134-2141.
- Li, M.M., Guan, E.Q. and Bian, K. Effect of ozone treatment on deoxynivalenol and quality evaluation of ozonised wheat. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess., 2015, 32, 544-553.
- Kim, J.G., Yousef, A.E. and Dave, S. Application of Ozone for enhancing safety and quality of Foods: A Review. J. Fd. Protect., 1999, 62, 1071-1087.
- Wade, W.N., Scouten, A.J., McWatters, K.H., Wick, R.L., Demirci, A., Fett, W.F. and Beuchat, L.R. Efficacy of ozone in killing Listeria monocytogenes on alfalfa seeds and sprouts and effects on sensory quality of sprouts. J. Fd. Protect., 2003, 66, 44-51.
- Otto, C., Zahn, S., Rost, F., Zahn, P., Jaros, D. and Rohm, H. Physical methods for cleaning and disinfection of surfaces. Fd. Engg. Rev., 2011, 3, 171-188.
- Thanomsub, B., Anupunpisit, V., Chanphetch, S., Watcharachaipong, T. Poonkhum and Srisukonth, C. Effects of ozone treatment on cell growth and ultrastructural changes in bacteria. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 2002, 48, 193-199.
- Jitrakam, N., Mai, C., Whangchai, K., Mai, C., Uthaibutra, J. and Mai, C. Effect of ozone on microbial contaminants and aflatoxin reduction of dried chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.) FAO., (2010). Retrieved Octobar 21, 2016, from. http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=TH2010000705.
- Emer, Z., Akbas, M.Y. and Ozdemir, M. Bactericidal activity of ozone against Escherichia coli in whole and ground black peppers. J. Fd. Protect., 2008, 71, 914-917.
- Torlak, E., Sert, D. and Ulca, P. Efficacy of gaseous ozone against Salmonella and microbial population on dried oregano. Int. J. Fd. Microbiol., 2013, 165, 276-280.
- A Review on Regulatory Aspects of Food Contact Materials (FCM’S)
Abstract Views :362 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Food Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, IN
1 Food Toxicology Research Center, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR), Hyderabad, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 55, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 500-519Abstract
Since the advent of commercial production of Food Contact Materials (FCM) and their extensive use in day to day life, many harmful effects on health were reported to be caused due to ingestion of food contaminated with constituents that migrated from FCM. Over the years, this aspect of food safety from FCM rose to be an important research interest and thus added scientific information on FCM. Based on the scientific evidence and new issues being raised (E.g. BPA replaced by other substances), these regulations are also being molded from time to time across the world. Therefore this review aims at providing an overview of regulations and amendments on FCM in various countries with emphasis on important aspects (e.g. traceability and safeguard measures of EU framework regulations, Food contact notification of USFDA, etc.) in FCM laws. Hereunder, for a better understanding of these regulations, various countries reviewed in this article are grouped into 3 categories, i.e. – countries having 1) specific regulations 2) Non- specific/ few regulations 3) No data available on FCM regulations. Though these regulations differed from one country to other, all were formulated with a primary objective, of ensuring consumer food safety. This review will not only help in ensuring food safety but also helps in, to strengthen regulatory framework and grow in trade, fulfilling the gaps with global FCM regulations.Keywords
Food Contact Materials, Food Packaging, Indirect Food Additives, Regulations.References
- Geueke, B., Wagner, C.C. and Munke, J. Food contact substances and chemicals of concern: a comparison of inventories. J. Fd. Add. Contam., Part A, 2014, 31, 1438-1450. https:// doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2014.931600
- Ahmed, R.G. Maternal bis-phenol alters fetal endocrine system: thyroid adipokine dysfunction. Fd. Chem. Toxicol., 2016, 95, 168-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.fct.2016.06.017
- Icoz, A. and Eker, B. Selection of food packaging material, migration and its effects on food quality, 1st International Conference on Quality of Life. 2016. Retrieved from http:// cqm.rs/2016/cd1/pdf/papers/focus_1/28.pdf
- Kurunthachalam, S.K. Possible adverse implications of chemical migration from food pack materials in India. Hydrol. Current. Res. 2013, 4, 156. doi:10.4172/2157-7587.1000156
- Muncke, J., Myers, J.P. and Scheringer, M. Food packaging and migration of food contact materials: will epidemiologists rise to the neotoxic challenge? J. Epidemiol. Comm. Health., 2014, 68, 592–594. doi:10.1136/jech-2013-202593
- Indian Institute of Packaging (2016, October). Study on the chemical contamination of prepackaged food (Retail) through packaging material, Revised project proposal (Amendment 2) Submitted to Food Safety and Standards Authority of India.
- USFDA – Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances, Searchable database. Retrieved from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/fdcc/?set=IndirectAdditives.
- Francis, J. Wiley Encyclopedia of food science and technology, 2nd ed. 1999, 3. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
- Jery D’Souza, Pradhan, J. Handbook of food processing, packaging and labeling, SBS Publishers and Distributors. 2010.
- Jung H. Innovations in food packaging, 2nd Edition, Academic Press. 2013.
- Kees van der Heijden et al., International Food Safety Handbook: Science, international regulation, and control. Marcel Dekker Inc., 1999, 273 – 286.
- Milan (2015). Guidelines to food contact materials in India Legislation for packaging and materials in contact with food- Indian Market. Foltran Luca SergioAdamo. 7 – 9.
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) - Bisphenol A – re-evaluation. (2017, December) Retrieved from http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/bisphenol.
- Food Safety and Standards Authority of India – FSS legislation, food safety and standards regulations. Retrieved from http://www.fssai.gov.in/home/fss-legislation/fssregulations.html.
- Lago, M.A. and Ackerman, L.K. Identification of print-related contaminants in food packaging. Fd. Addit. Contam. Part A. Chem. Anal. Cont. Expo. Risk Assess., 2016, 33, 518529. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1136435.
- Crosby, N.T. Food packaging materials, aspects of analysis and migration of contaminants.
- London, Appl. Sci., 1981.
- Baughan, J. S. Global Legislation for Food Contact Materials, 1st Edition, Woodhead Publishing Series. 2015, 79 – 83.
- Rinus Rijk and Rob Veraart. Global legislation for food packaging materials. Wiley- VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. 2010.
- European commission – Food contact materials. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/ food/safety/chemical_safety/food_contact_materials_en.
- Karamfilova, E. and Sacher, M. Food contact materials – regulation (EC) 1935/2004. European Implementation Assessment study. 2016 Retrieved from http://www.europarl.europa.eu/ RegData/etudes/STUD/2016/581411/EPRS_STU(2016)581411_EN.pdf.
- Magnuson, B., Munro, I., Abbot, P., Baldwin, N., Lopez-Garcia, R., Ly, K. and Socolovsky, S. Review of the regulation and safety assessment of food substances in various countries and jurisdictions. Fd. Addit. Contam. Part A, Chem. Analy. Contl. Expo. Risk Assess., 2013, 30, 1147–1220. http://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2013.795293
- Food contact Materials - Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration (DVFA). Retrieved from https://www.foedevarestyrelsen.dk/ english/Food/Food%20Contact%20Materials/Pages/default.aspx.
- Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/1416 of 24 August 2016, amending and correcting Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food. (2016, August 25). Retrieved from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2016.230.01.0022.01.ENG
- Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/752 of 28 April 2017, amending and correcting Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food. (2017, April 29) Retrieved from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/ ?uri=CELEX:32017R0752ASEAN Center for Food Contact Materials Testing. Retrieved from http://foodcontact.dss.go.th/index.php/en/home.
- EU Science Hub- EURL for Food contact materials – Substance database. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/eurl/food-contact-materials/substance-database.
- China National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) – list of 53 mandatory national standards (GB Standards) for FCM, 2016. Retrieved from http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/ sps/s7891/201611/06ed87a09dad4cf6aee48cd89efbef35.shtml .
- USFDA - Determining the regulatory status of components of a food contact material. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/PackagingFCS/ RegulatoryStatusFoodContactMaterial/default.htm.
- Japan – Ministry of Health Labor and Welfare – Food safety information. Retrieved from http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/policy/health-medical/food/index.html.
- ASEAN Center for food contact materials testing. Retrieved from http://foodcontact.dss.go.th/ index.php/en/home.
- Taiwan Food and Drug Administration – Laws and regulations. Retrieved from https:// www.fda.gov.tw/EN/lawContent.aspx?cid=16&id=1395.
- Thai Legislation (Thailand). Retrieved from http://foodcontact.dss.go.th/index.php/en/ legislation/thai-regislation.
- Bureau of Indian Standards. Retrieved from http://www.bis.org.in/standardsdata/
- Uganda National Bureau of Standards Retrieved from https://www.unbs.go.ug/ content.php?src=uganda-standards-catalogue&pg=content.
- Comments of EU relating to notification of India- Draft Food Safety and Standards (Packaging) regulations, 2017. (2018, January 5). Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/growth/ toolsdatabases/tbt/en/search/?tbtaction=search.detail& Country_ID=IND&num= 64&dspLang=en&basdatedeb=&basdatefin=&baspays=IND&basnotifnum= 64&basnotifnum2=& bastypepays=& baskeywords.
- Food Safety and Standards Authority of India – FSS legislation, WTO – SPS notifications.
- http://www.fssai.gov.in/home/fss-legislation/wto-notifications/wto-spsnotifications. html.
- Food Safety Authority of Ireland – Food Contact Materials - Legislation. Retrieved from https://www.fsai.ie/legislation/food_legislation/materials_articles/general.html#national.
- Agri- Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore – Legislation. Retrieved from https:// www.ava.gov.sg/legislation.
- Tanzania Food and Drugs Authority – Food control regulations. Retrieved from https:// www.tfda.go.tz/index/?q=food_downloads.
- Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) - A Food Additive
Abstract Views :379 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Pathology and Microbiology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
1 Pathology and Microbiology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 57, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 98-107Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) also known as glutamic acid is a non essential amino acid used as a flavor enhancer worldwide. MSG is found naturally in tomatoes, grapes, cheese, mushrooms and other foods. It is one of the most widely used food additive in commercial foods. Monosodium glutamate is believed to be associated with different health problems viz., obesity, asthma, metabolic disorders, Chinese restaurant syndrome, neurotoxic effects and detrimental effects on the reproductive organs. Literature showed MSG was associated with adverse side-effects particularly in animals including induction of obesity, diabetes, hepatotoxic, neurotoxic and genotoxic effects. Literature showed that increased consumption of monosodium glutamate may be associated with harmful health effects. Further Intensive research is required to explore monosodium glutamate–related molecular and metabolic mechanisms.
Keywords
Monosodium Glutamate, Flavour Enhancer, Food Additive, Chinese Restaurant Syndrome.References
- Bera, T.K., Kar, S.K., Yadav, P.K., Mukherjee, P., Yadav, S. and Joshi, B. Effects of sodium glutamate on human health: Asystematic review. World J. Pharma. Sci., 2017, 5, 139-144.
- Zia, M.S., Hanif, K.R. and Khalil, M. Effect of monosodium glutamate on the serum estrogen and progesterone levels in female rat and prevention of this effect with diltiazem. J. Ayub. Med. Coll. Abbollabad., 2014, 26, 18 -20.
- Xiong, J.S., Branigan, D. and Lim. Peciphering the MSG Controversy. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med., 2009, 2, 329-336.
- Singh, 2005. Fact or Fiction, The MSG Controversy. 2005 Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu.
- Anonymous. History of Invention and use of MSG. n.d. 2016 Retrieved from http://www.truthinlabelling.org.
- Wijayasekara, K. and Wanaspal, J. Uses, effects and properties of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on food and nutrition. Int. J. Fd. Sci. Nutr., 2017, 2, 132-143.
- Win. C., ed. Principles of Biochemistry. Boston, MA: Brown Pub Co. 1995.
- Yamaguchi, Shizuko, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Japan; Ninomiya, Kumiko, Technical Committee, Umami Manufacturers Association of Japan. What is umami?. Fd. Rev. Int., 1998, 14, 123-138.
- Kazmi, Z., Fathma, I., Perveen, S. and Malik, S.S. Monosodium glutamate: review on clinical reports. Int. J. Fd. Proper., 2012, 1807-1815.
- Husarova, V. and Ostatnikova, D. Monosodium glutamate toxic effects and their implications for human intake: Areview. JMED Res., 2013, 1-13.
- He, K., Du, S., Xun, P., Sharma, S., Wang, H., Zhai, F. and Popkin, B. Consumption of monosodium glutamate in relation to incidence of overweight in Chinese adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), The Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2011, 93, 1328-1336.
- Hermanussen, M. and Tresguerres, J.A.F. Does high glutamate intake cause obesity?, J. Pediat. Endocrinol.Metabol., 2003, 16, 965-968.
- Collison, K.S., Makhoul, N.J., Inglis, A., Al-Johi, M., Zaidi, M.Z., Maqbool, Z., Saleh, S.M., Bakheet, R., Mondreal, R., Al-Rabiah, R., Shoukri, M., Milgram, N. W. and Al-Mohanna, F.A. Dietary trans-fat combined with monosodium glutamate induces dyslipidemia and impairs spatial memory. Physiol. Behavior., 2010, 99, 334-342.
- Das, R.S. and Ghosh, S.K. Long term effects of monosodium glutamate on spermatogenesis following neonatal exposure in albino mice- A histological study. Nepal Med. Coll. J., 2010, 12, 149-153.
- Kazmi, Z., Fatima, I., Perveen, S. and Malik, S.S. Monosodium glutamate: review on clinical reports. Int. J. Fd. Proper., 2017, 20, 1807-1815. Retrieved from https://www.fssai.gov.in/home/fss-legislation/fss-regulations.html.
- He, K., Zaho, L., Daviglus, M.L., Dyer, A.R., Horn, L.V., Garside, D., Zhu, L., Guo, D., Wu, Y., Zhou, B. and Stamler, J. Association of monosodium glutamate intake with overweight in chinese adults: the INTERMAPstudy. Obesity, 2008, 16, 1875-1880.
- Walker, R. and Lupien, J.R. The safety evaluation of monosodium glutamate. The J. Nutr., 2000, 130, 1049-1052.
- Iwase, M., Yamamoto, M., Lino, K., Ichikawa, K., Shinohara, N., Yoshinari, M. and Fujishima, M. Obesity induced by neonatal monosodium glutamate treatment in spontaneously hypertensive rats: an animal model of multiple risk factors. Hyperten. Res., 1998, 21, 1-6.
- Yang, W.H., Drouin, M.A., Herbert, M., Mao, Y. and Karsh, J. The monosodium glutamate symptom complex: assessment in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study. J. Aller. Clini. Immunol., 1997, 99, 757-762.
- Vautrin, M.D.A. Monosodium glutamate-induced asthma: study of the potential risk of 30 asthmatics and review of the literature. Allergie et Immunologie., 1987, 19, 29-35.
- Henry-Unaeze, H. N. Update on food safety of monosodium I-glutamate (MSG). Pathophysiol., 2017, 24, 243-249.
- Wijayasekara, K. and Wansapala J. Uses, effects and properties of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on food and nutrition. Int. J. Fd. Sci. Nut., 2017, 2, 132-143.
- Kasozi, K.I., Namubiru, S, Kiconco, O., Kinyi, H.W., Ssempijja, F., Ezeonwumelu J.O.C., Ninsiima, H.I. and Okpanachi, A.O. Low concentrations of monosodium glutamate (MSG) are safe in male Drosophila melanogaster. BMC Res. Notes, 2018, 11, 670.
- Fernstrom, J.D. monosodium glutamate in the diet does not raise brain glutamate concentrations or disrupt brain functions. Ann. Nutr. Metabol., 2018, 73, 43-52.
- Zanfirescu, A., Ungurianu, A., Tsatsakis, A.M., Nitulescu, G.M., Kouretas, D., eskoukis, A., Tsoukalas, D., Engin, A.B., Aschner, M. and Margina, D. Areview of the alleged health hazards of monosodium glutamate. Compreh. Rev. Fd. Sci. Fd. Safety, 2019, 18, 1111-1134.