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Balakrishna, N.
- Exposure Assessment of Artificial Sweeteners among Type 2 Diabetic, Overweight and Obese Individuals
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
2 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
3 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Division of Biostatistics, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
2 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Food and Drug Toxicology Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
3 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Division of Biostatistics, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 53, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 268-276Abstract
In recent years consumption of artificially sweetened foods and beverages became popular in India, with the regulatory formulations to use them in selected foods; their inclusion especially in sweets, biscuits and beverages has increased. There are many concerns rising regarding their safety and is becoming an area of controversy. So an exposure assessment has been carried out to evaluate intake levels among type II diabetic, overweight and obese individuals. A cross-sectional study design was applied and a food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain the information on consumption pattern. Range, standard deviation and mean daily intake levels were calculated and the values were compared with an appropriate Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). Results indicated that, the mean daily intake levels of aspartame (0.85±0.75) were found to be high among type 2 diabetic individuals whereas sucralose (0.41±0.41) and acesulfame-k (0.07±0.02) were high among overweight group. There was a significant difference (p<0.0001) observed in intake levels among both groups and all the sweeteners were found to be well within the ADI levels.Keywords
Artificial Sweeteners, Diabetes, Aspartame, Overweight and Obesity.
References
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- Models for the Patterns of Growth by Socio-Economic Status
Abstract Views :212 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 37, No 12 (2000), Pagination: 391-397Abstract
Growth status of children (1-18 years) has been found influenced by season of birth, improvements of socio-economic status, maternal nutritional status and nutrient adequacies. In countries like Japan, generations of today are found taller and heavier than those of earlier generations. Americans of today are observed taller and heavier than those of earlier decades. Prevalence rates of overweight or obesity are found increasing with a higher level by age and sex. In India, children of all ages are observed to have varying heights and weights by variations in social and economic status. In some countries, children of all well-to-do communities are as tall and heavy as those of Harvard, NCHS and others in USA. Dietaries of well-to-do communities were also better in quality and quantity than those of poor income groups in many countries including India. It is of interest to quantify the variations in patterns of growth by age and sex and assess the differentials if any between children of Urban Hyderabad (India) and USA.- Validity of Human Development Index
Abstract Views :246 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania P.O., Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
1 Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania P.O., Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 37, No 1 (2000), Pagination: 6-19Abstract
There are varieties of indices developed for grading the degree of human development. Human Development Index (HDI) is one among them generated by the United Nations. Human Development is a process of expanding human choices and enabling people to enjoy long, healthy and creative lives. The HDI is calculated based on three indicators, longevity, educational attainment and the real standard of living. Longevity is measured by the life expectancy at birth. Educational index is calculated as a combination of adult literacy (two thirds weight) and the combined first, second and third-level gross school enrolment ratio (one third weight). Standard of living, is measured by real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, converted into international dollars/purchasing power parity (ppp$).- Relative Utility of Various Anthropometric Indices for the Nutritional Assessment of Pregnant Women
Abstract Views :178 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad - 500 007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 35, No 7 (1998), Pagination: 175-179Abstract
Pregnant women constitute an important segment of population with higher nutrient requirements. Though extensive work has been carried out on various aspects of nutrition in pregnant women, there have been very few attempts to identify a best and suitable anthropometric index for the assessment of nutritional status. The need for this work was also made in the literature. In the present study, the relative utility of the following indices has been studied.- Relative Merits of some Anthropometric Indices for Use among School Age Children and Adolescents
Abstract Views :158 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania P.O., Hyderabad, IN
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania P.O., Hyderabad, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 30, No 2 (1993), Pagination: 37-47Abstract
The index weight/height which has been known as the body mass index, was found useful for the assessment of the current or short duration forms of mainutrition among infants, preschool children and adults. It was also found closely correlated with growth rates of infants and preschool children.- Growth and Development of Infants in Urban Slums of Hyderabad
Abstract Views :169 |
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Authors
Leela Raman
1,
G. Vasanthi
1,
C. Parvathi
1,
N. Vasumathi
1,
A. Rawal
1,
K. Visweswara Rao
1,
N. Balakrishna
1
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutiition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania PO., Hyderabad 500007, IN
1 National Institute of Nutiition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania PO., Hyderabad 500007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 26, No 7 (1989), Pagination: 196-205Abstract
In the last decade, with WHO code for breast feeding and marketing for infant weaning foods, the breast feeding practices have gained considerable importance. It is well known that breast fed infants have lower morbidity and mortality in different countries.- Critical Limits of some Anthropometric Measurements and Indices for the Assessment of Nutritional Status
Abstract Views :171 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania PO, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
1 National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Jamai Osmania PO, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 23, No 4 (1986), Pagination: 88-99Abstract
There have been many anthropometric measurements and indices suggested for the assessment of the nutritional status of preschool children. Prominent among them are height, weight, circumferences of arm and calf, weight for height (%), weight/height, arm circumference/head circumference and chest circumference/head circumference. Classifications of malnutrition based on these measurements or indices have been in use.- A Raw Food Based Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire to Assess Long-Term Dietary-Intake Among Urban Adults of South India:Relative Validity and Reproducibility
Abstract Views :300 |
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Authors
Sarin S. Jose
1,
T. Shalini
1,
N. Balakrishna
2,
M. S. Radhika
3,
G. N. V. Brahmam
3,
G. Bhanuprakash Reddy
1
Affiliations
1 Division of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, IN
2 Department of Statistics, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, IN
3 Department of Community Studies, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, IN
1 Division of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, IN
2 Department of Statistics, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, IN
3 Department of Community Studies, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500007, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 55, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 1-17Abstract
Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) is a commonly used tool for the measurement of food intake of a large population. However, FFQ could be influenced by the cultures, seasons and food habits. Thus FFQ should be validated against a known or standard tool like a multiple 24-hour dietary recalls (24h) and also needs to be tested for its reproducibility. Hence, in this study, the reproducibility of a Raw food based quantitative FFQ (RFFQ) was assessed and validated against the standard multiple 24h method. A community-based longitudinal study was conducted among 106 urban adult subjects in Hyderabad Metropolitan city of South India. The reproducibility of RFFQ was assessed at two reference periods of a year and seasonal variation was investigated across three seasons. Further, RFFQ was validated against 24h across three seasons of the year. The median and Inter Quartile Range (IQR) of food and nutrient intakes have shown that the RFFQ was comparable to 24h of four months duration and also between baseline and final RFFQs. No significant seasonal difference in food and nutrient intake was observed by the RFFQs (p>0.05). Bland-Altman analysis showed an agreement between the RFFQ and 24h indicating relative validity of the RFFQ in the study population. The reproducibility of the RFFQs was found to be good as observed by Intra class Correlation Coefficients (ICC). The RFFQ of one year duration is thus a valid tool to elicit long-term habitual dietary intake pattern of urban adult subjects in South India. As the RFFQ used in this study is raw food based it could be adopted to other parts of the country.Keywords
Diet Survey, 24-Hour Dietary Recall, Raw Food Based Quantitative FFQ, Validity, Reproducibility.References
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