M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

It is now universally acclaimed world over that nutrition is the third and a major tenet to enhance sports, performance. It can provide the 'much sought after' edge over the opponent. Several nutritional strategies are formulated in a sporadic and subjective fashion to suit individual athletes or groups. However there is a dire need to rope in all or at least some of them into an overall coaching regimen to improve athletic performance overtime.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

Athletes and their trainers have understood that adequate nutrition and hydration give the winning edge to athletes. Volume 59 of the Medicine and Sport Science Series concentrates on the efficacy of sports supplements to enhancing the athletic performance.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

Dietary nutrients are the building blocks for cellular function. Nutrients modify immune responses and this book summarises the role of immuno nutrients in health and nutrition. Several topics on immuno nutrition have been discussed. First chapter deals with arginine and asthma. This chapter deals with altered nitric oxide homeostasis in asthma and altered arginine metabolism.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

The book on Nutrition, Fertility and Human Reproductive Function is rather a treatise to the whole life approach to the link between nutrition and reproductive function in humans.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

Book Review Title:

* Food Irradiation.

 

 

 

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K. Sujatha ¹, M. Sylvia Subapriya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore - 641043, IN

Abstract

School going age is a dynamic period of growth and development as children undergo physical, social and rapid mental and emotional changes and nutrition is one of the major environmental factors responsible for these changes. The elementary school going period (10-12 years) is nutritionally significant because it is the prime time to build up stores of nutrients in preparation for the rapid growth during adolescence.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

Book Review Title:

* Measurement and Control in Food Processing.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

Book Review Title:

* Issues in Complementary Feeding.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya ¹, Usha Chandrasekhar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam Deemed University for Women, Coimbatore -641 043, IN

Abstract

Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) is a problem of public health significance in India. Clinical VAD is prevalent at two digit levels in some parts of the country. Night blindness from VAD is common among pregnant women especially during the later half of pregnancy. Nearly six lakh women die from child birth related disorders each year, a vast majority from complications which could be reduced by the provision of vitamin A. Prevalence of night blindness among pregnant women is a sure indicator of VAD among other age groups also in a particular geographic area.

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K. Amrutha Veena ¹, M. Sylvia Subapriya ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam University for Women, Coimbatore - 641 043, IN

Abstract

Sports and exercise provide immense and innumerable benefits and piay especially important roles among adolescent boys and girls. Studies indicate that exercise is an effective therapy along with nutritional care and weight control in the management of hypertension, diabetes and elevated blood lipids in later life1. Adolescence is a period of immense stress, representing an important physiological phase of life characterized by rapid growth and development, both at the physical and physiological levels. Girls need greater care and attentions since dietary inadequacies are more prevalent among them. Though sports and games have gained good recognition all over the country, yet today's youth are still under the spell of television watching, internet and computer games. The vast physical, mental and psychological benefits provided by outdoor playing and sports are ignored. The fact that sports offers the best antidote to tension and stress and increases life expectancy has been either forgotten or neglected. The question of how to improve the quality of life can be overcome with the three golden concepts - diet, work and play.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

Book Review Title:

* Statistics on Children In India- Hand Book 2009.

 

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

Book Review Title:

* Handbook of Meat, Poultry and Seafood Quality.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

Book Review Title:

* Vitamin D and Rickets.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya ¹, U. Chandrasekhar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore - 641 043, IN

Abstract

The most common micronutrient deficiency disorder among pregnant women is Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD), which becomes obvious in the form of night blindness during the third trimester, when the demand by both the unborn child and the mother is the highest. Night blindness in women is recognized as a public health problem and its occurrence can be used as a simple and reliable indicator of VAD in the community as a whole. The effects of maternal VAD on the infant are manifold, gruesome and lifelong.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

Book Review Title:

* Nutrition and Metabolism.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya ¹, U. Chandrasekhar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore - 641 043, IN

Abstract

Vitamin A Deficiency Disorders (VAD) encompass the full spectrum of clinical consequences associated with sub optimal vitamin A status, which occur mainly during childhood and pregnancy. VAD is a significant public health problem in India with clinical and subclinical manifestations, both of which have not been quantified in women of childbearing age. Studies report that prevalence of night blindness among pregnant women can be used as a sure indicator to identify VAD in population groups in a region. The need of the hour therefore lies in assessing the magnitude of VAD among pregnant women through systematic, region wise, planned studies to implement region specific solutions. The present investigation is an effort in this direction. The major objective of the study was to quantify the prevalence of clinical and subclinical VAD among pregnant women in selected areas of Tamil Nadu.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya ¹, V. Ragini ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam Deemed University, Coimbatore - 641 043, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Recent epidemiological, clinical and laboratory research focus attention on investigating the role of diet in reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as heart diseases and cancer. In fact it is proclaimed that death rates from all chronic diseases could be reduced by making practical changes in the diet in terms of nutritional factors which exert a protective influence, namely, micronutrients. Researchers have poised a positive approach to vitamins and minerals and the focus is now on their prophylactic and chemopreventive effect.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya ¹, S. Premakumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Deemed University, Coimbatore-641 043, IN

Abstract

The term 'Adolescence' represents a hyperanabolic phase of growth, mediated by hormonal factors and characterised by peak velocities of growth. Studies by pioneer nutritionists drive home the fact that the average, adolescent girl in India suffers gross nutritional inadequacies. Socio economic status, heredity, food habits and environment also affect their nutritional status to a great extent. Undernourished girls become undernourished mothers among whom still births are common. Survivors remain malnourished through out life due to continuing poverty. At the domestic level, the viscious cycle of the malnourished mother-child - mother continues, laying waste the cost and effort involved in pregnancy, parturition and puerperium.

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M. Sylvia Subapriya

Abstract

This book on sports endocrinology is a complete handbook which provides wholesome insights into the effects of environmental, psychological and physical activity factors on endocrine functions. It is divided into two major sections. The first section deals with the effects of physical activity and training on endocrine function and second one deals with the use of performance-enhancing endocrine drugs (doping) in competitive and recreational sports activity. There is a detailed discussion of how homeostatic disruption of exercise causes differing responses in each hormone axis. The hormones studied include Thyroid hormone, growth hormone, insulin like growth factor prolactin, their interaction and potent physiological stimulus upon pituitary gland and hypothalamus has also been discussed at length. The role of sex hormones in neuromuscular adaptations to exercise in females and males is discussed in depth. The Biochemistry of energy supply to the exercising muscle on the molecular mechanisms involved and the physiology of energy metabolism during exercise in healthy individuals and diabetics forms the crux of the following chapter. The book also throws light on the effect of exercise on bone strength and thyroid hormone metabolism.

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R. V. Lakshmi ¹, M. Sylvia Subapriya ², K. Kalaivani ¹, Prema Ramachandran ¹

Affiliations
1 Nutrition Foundation of India, C-13, Qutab Institutional Area, IN
2 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinshilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, IN

Abstract

Respiratory infection, diarrhea and fever are three common infections in underfive children; there are substantial differences in the reported prevalence and ranking of these three morbidities between studies and surveys. Seasonal and year to year variation in prevalence of morbidity and impact of health care on the duration and severity of infection has not been explored. A large scale mixed longitudinal study of under-five children from urban low income households was carried out to document year to year and seasonal variations in the prevalence and type of morbidity and utilization of health care for morbidity and their impact on duration and severity of morbidity. Between January 2012 and Dec 2015 a total of 3888 pre-school children were investigated and 74636 observations were made; prevalence of morbidity was 10.3% (range 7.2%-11.6%). Prevalence of morbidity was higher between July and October. Respiratory infection was the most common and diarrhea was the least common illness in children. Over years there was a rise in the respiratory illness because of increase in construction activity in the study area. There was a fall in diarrhoeal diseases after construction of water supply and drainage system. Majority of the households accessed health care; as a result duration of illness was short and severe morbidity was rare. Improvement in environmental hygiene can result in reduction in morbidity. Access to health care reduces duration and severity of infection.

Keywords

Pre-School Children, Morbidity, Seasonal Changes, Health Care, Environmental Hygiene.

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R. V. Lakshmi ¹, M. Sylvia Subapriya ², Kalaivani Krishnamurthy ¹, Prema Ramachandran ¹

Affiliations
1 Nutrition Foundation of India, New Delhi - 110 016, IN
2 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore - 641 043), IN

Abstract

India is currently the home of the largest number of under-nourished and over-nourished children in the world. Data from longitudinal studies in India indicate that both under nutrition and over-nutrition in childhood is associated with higher risk of over-nutrition and noncommunicable diseases in adult life. A community based mixed longitudinal study of underfive children from urban low income families was taken up to assess their nutritional status. Weight was taken every month in all; length was measured every month in infants and height was measured once in three months in 1-5 year children. BMI was computed in all. Nutritional status was assessed using the WHO anthro software package. Between 2012 and 2015, 3888 pre-school children were enrolled (49.4% boys and 50.6% girls); mean age of these children at enrolment was 22.5±16.17 months. The mean Z scores for height for age was - 1.79; weight for age was - 1.41 and -0.47 for BMI for age. Prevalence of stunting was 43.4%; underweight was 31.9%, wasting was 12% and over-nutrition was between 3-5%. The reduction in wasting rate between 0-3 years was mainly due to the increase in prevalence of stunting. With universal screening for early detection of wasting and over-nutrition and effective management of these, it will be possible to achieve the WHA targets of reducing and maintaining wasting below 5% and preventing increase in over-nutrition in this population. This may reduce the risk of over-nutrition and non-communicable diseases in these children during their adult life.

Keywords

Under-Five Children, Nutritional Status, Stunting, Underweight, Wasting, Over-Nutrition.

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