International Journal of Agricultural Engineering

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Performance Evaluation of Different Sowing Equipment for Cultivation of Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum G.)


Affiliations
1 Department Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Shriram College of Agriculture Engineering (JNKVV) Paniv, Solapur (M.S.), India
2 Central Farm Machinery Training Testing Institute, Budni (M.P.), India
     

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The performance and evaluation of four sowing equipment treatment was determined for cultivation of wheat crop. Four different treatment such as zero till seed-cumfertilizer drill, Roto till seed-cum-fertilizer drill, 1xcultivator + 1x disc harrow + seed-cum- fertilizer drill,1x cultivator + 2x disc harrow + raised bed planter (Aikins and Afuakwa, 2010) all prevailing environmental condition such climatic condition i.e. temperature and relative humidity, physical properties of soil i.e. soil moisture content, bulk density and shear strength, as well as machine and crop parameters were studied before sowing treatment (Benjamin and Cruse, 1987). There are several drills like conventional, zero till, rototill, raised bed planting etc. can be used for sowing wheat. The improved machines not only deliver the desired amount of seed and fertilizer but also save time and energy. The performance of seed drill is improved by manipulating the depth of sowing and thickness of soil cover over the seed as well as pressing the soil cover (Baumgartl and Horn,1991.) The initial bulk density of soil reduced in treatment T1, T2, T3 and T4 as the soil manipulation occurred. The soil moisture content after sowing decreased in all the treatments at different depths. The highest reduction was observed in treatment T4 due to more tillage operation and used of raised bed planter. Better soil pulverization was observed in case of treatment T2 where seed bed was prepared by rotary tiller. The cone index of soil was increased with depth. It was found to be minimum at different depths in treatment T4 which includes 1 x cultivator followed by 2 x disc harrow then sowing by using raised bed planter. The similar trend was observed even at 100 DAS. The field efficiency was found to be maximum (77.02%) in treatment T1 and minimum (60.91%) in treatment T4. This is because maneuverability and initial in case of zero till dril. The plant height varied in different treatments till 15DAS, however, at latest age of crop growth. The plant height was near to each others though it was more in treatments T3 and T4. This is because soil was tilled deeper which probably helped in more ischolar_main growth. The number of plants/m length, seed emergence was minimum in treatment T1 and similar in other treatment. The plant population was also less in treatment T1 and similar in treatment T2, T3 and T4. It was found more in treatment T4. Length of ear head in all the treatment was almost similar. The weed count was found to be minimum in treatment T4 and maximum in treatment T1 as there was no soil manipulation in treatment T1. The crop cutting yield was minimum (48.3q/ha) in treatment and maximum in treatment T4 (51.7q/ha), in treatments T2 and T3 there is slight difference in grain yield. The straw yield was minimum (57.95q/ha) in case of treatment T1 probably due to less tillers and less plant population. 1000 grain weight was found similar in all the treatments (Bhattacharyya et al., 2008).

Keywords

Seed Drill, Cultivator, Disc Harrow, Planter, Soil Properties, Energy, Economics.
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  • Performance Evaluation of Different Sowing Equipment for Cultivation of Wheat Crop (Triticum aestivum G.)

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Authors

Arun Waghmode
Department Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Shriram College of Agriculture Engineering (JNKVV) Paniv, Solapur (M.S.), India
Rajneesh Patel
Central Farm Machinery Training Testing Institute, Budni (M.P.), India

Abstract


The performance and evaluation of four sowing equipment treatment was determined for cultivation of wheat crop. Four different treatment such as zero till seed-cumfertilizer drill, Roto till seed-cum-fertilizer drill, 1xcultivator + 1x disc harrow + seed-cum- fertilizer drill,1x cultivator + 2x disc harrow + raised bed planter (Aikins and Afuakwa, 2010) all prevailing environmental condition such climatic condition i.e. temperature and relative humidity, physical properties of soil i.e. soil moisture content, bulk density and shear strength, as well as machine and crop parameters were studied before sowing treatment (Benjamin and Cruse, 1987). There are several drills like conventional, zero till, rototill, raised bed planting etc. can be used for sowing wheat. The improved machines not only deliver the desired amount of seed and fertilizer but also save time and energy. The performance of seed drill is improved by manipulating the depth of sowing and thickness of soil cover over the seed as well as pressing the soil cover (Baumgartl and Horn,1991.) The initial bulk density of soil reduced in treatment T1, T2, T3 and T4 as the soil manipulation occurred. The soil moisture content after sowing decreased in all the treatments at different depths. The highest reduction was observed in treatment T4 due to more tillage operation and used of raised bed planter. Better soil pulverization was observed in case of treatment T2 where seed bed was prepared by rotary tiller. The cone index of soil was increased with depth. It was found to be minimum at different depths in treatment T4 which includes 1 x cultivator followed by 2 x disc harrow then sowing by using raised bed planter. The similar trend was observed even at 100 DAS. The field efficiency was found to be maximum (77.02%) in treatment T1 and minimum (60.91%) in treatment T4. This is because maneuverability and initial in case of zero till dril. The plant height varied in different treatments till 15DAS, however, at latest age of crop growth. The plant height was near to each others though it was more in treatments T3 and T4. This is because soil was tilled deeper which probably helped in more ischolar_main growth. The number of plants/m length, seed emergence was minimum in treatment T1 and similar in other treatment. The plant population was also less in treatment T1 and similar in treatment T2, T3 and T4. It was found more in treatment T4. Length of ear head in all the treatment was almost similar. The weed count was found to be minimum in treatment T4 and maximum in treatment T1 as there was no soil manipulation in treatment T1. The crop cutting yield was minimum (48.3q/ha) in treatment and maximum in treatment T4 (51.7q/ha), in treatments T2 and T3 there is slight difference in grain yield. The straw yield was minimum (57.95q/ha) in case of treatment T1 probably due to less tillers and less plant population. 1000 grain weight was found similar in all the treatments (Bhattacharyya et al., 2008).

Keywords


Seed Drill, Cultivator, Disc Harrow, Planter, Soil Properties, Energy, Economics.

References