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- G. L. Datta
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Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Das, Santanu
- Editorial
Abstract Views :269 |
PDF Views:215
Authors
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 49, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 17-17Abstract
After last few years of commendable service as the Chief Editor, Prof. Dr. Tapan Kumar Pal got relieved of this responsibility as per his desire, and the onus came to the undersigned to act as the Chief Editor. It is really not possible for me to fill up the gap that has been created due to absence of Prof. Pal. However, with the support of all members of the Editorial Board, others concerned and taking the advice of Prof. Pal, now a Member of Editorial Board, hope I can manage the task assigned to me as much as possible.Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :273 |
PDF Views:183
Authors
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 49, No 2 (2016), Pagination: 17-17Abstract
The Golden Jubilee Day of the Institute, HW-India will be held at The Stadel, Salt Lake City, Kolkata on April 22nd 2016. Hope large number of members would assemble at the venue to commemorate this Golden Jubilee celebration. For a professional institute like ours, colourful and eventful existence of fifty years is really worth-noting.
Full Text
- Weld Cladding with Austenitic Stainless Steel for Imparting Corrosion Resistance
Abstract Views :662 |
PDF Views:7
Authors
Biswajit Khara
1,
Nanda Dulal Mandal
1,
Anindya Sarkar
1,
Mithun Sarkar
1,
Bhaskar Chakrabarti
1,
Santanu Das
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741 235, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741 235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 49, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 74-81Abstract
Weld cladding is a process of depositing a thick layer of a material on a corrosion-, or erosion-, prone material to protect it from corrosion or erosion respectively. In this process, service life of the clad component increases substantially even under hostile conditions. In the present work, austenitic stainless steel cladding is done on low alloy steel specimens to make the clad components resistant to corrosion wearing under a chemically reactive environment. Corrosion-resistance characteristics of clad layer is explored along with its dependency on clad bead geometry, clad composition, etc. that are controlled by process parameters. It is, therefore, essential to select appropriate process parameters to obtain sound clad quality. Experiments are conducted on cladding with austenitic stainless steel on low alloy steel plates under varying conditions using gas metal arc welding. Performance of cladding is experimentally explored to find out suitable parameter combination to obtain high corrosion resistance. At 100 A weld current, 8.7 mm/s torch travel speed and 24 V weld voltage, minimum corrosion rate is seen, and hence, may be adopted in practice.Keywords
Cladding, Welding, GMAW, MAG, Stainless Steel, Austenitic Steel, Corrosion Resistance.
- Editorial
Abstract Views :298 |
PDF Views:188
Authors
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 49, No 3 (2016), Pagination: 17-17Abstract
The July 2016 issue ofthe Indian Welding Journal is now ready to publish. As usual, Mr. P. K. Das has edited the Branch reports and other reports, etc. The column, "Tit Bit in Welding" includes this time two articles. "An Approach to Best Welding Practice: Part-III"- the 4th article in a series, has been written by Mr. S. K. Gupta and "Crain Rail Welding by MMAW Process Replacing Thermit Welding" has been contributed by Mr. Prabir Kumar Bhattacherjee of Larsen & Toubro Limited.Full Text
- Preamble
Abstract Views :252 |
PDF Views:5
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 48, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 27-27Abstract
It has been a long standing desire to include a separate section bearing a title, "Technical Brief", or some other suitable name, within the Indian Welding Journal. However, the Editorial Team of the Indian Welding Journal could not gather enough input to start this section effectively. After a long wait, the Honorary Secretary General, Mr. Parimal Biswas, could identify Mr. S. K. Gupta, a person having long standing experience in welding and fabrication sector of industry, to obtain some write up that can be included in the respective section, named, "Tit Bit in Welding" of the Journal. Therefore, from this October 2015 issue of the Journal, this section is being started with a write up obtained from Mr. Gupta bearing the title, "An Approach to Best Welding Practice". I as the Joint Editor wish to give sincere thanks to Mr. Gupta to enable us to start this section.- Editorial
Abstract Views :282 |
PDF Views:209
Authors
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 49, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 15-15Abstract
Celebration of the Golden Jubilee of Indian Institute of Welding is being continued since the Golden Jubilee Day, April 22,2016. All IIW-Indians take immense pride of being associated with this prestigious organization. Different branches, chapters and sections all over India are celebrating the Golden Jubilee in their own way in the most befitting manner. All the events are experiencing huge success.Full Text
- Selection of Appropriate Process Parameters for Gas Metal Arc Welding of a Steel under 100% Carbon Dioxide Gas Shield
Abstract Views :347 |
PDF Views:6
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741234, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741234, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 49, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 79-88Abstract
Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) is a semiautomatic, versatile process that offers high rate of weld metal deposition with all positions welding capability. It can weld different metallic materials to produce quality weld suppressing the problem of moisture and slag entrapment. In the present work, a gas shield of 100% carbon dioxide is provided during joining of typical steel flats. To derive good welded joints, a multi-response optimization problem is formulated to find out optimal parametric combinations. Experimental runs are chosen following Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array (OA). Grey relational analysis is performed on the results obtained to evolve the appropriate condition within the domain of experiments conducted. Finally a set of process parameters is recommended to achieve desired weldability.Keywords
GMAW, MAG, Taguchi Approach, Orthogonal Array, Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Optimisation, Grey Relational Analysis.- Some Issues on Education, Training and Skilling of Welding Personnel in India
Abstract Views :229 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
G. L. Datta
1,
Santanu Das
2
Affiliations
1 IIT, Kharagpur, IN
2 Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani, IN
1 IIT, Kharagpur, IN
2 Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 47, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 21-21Abstract
India is a fast developing country with large population having huge potential for fast growth. Welding is extensively used in India in various industrial sectors such as railways, automotive, ship building, off-shore structures, pipes and vessels, construction, nuclear power plants, and energy. India's road network is the third largest and its rail network is the fourth largest in the world. Fabrication by welding has a major role in the infrastructure growth and the manufacturing sector including welding contributes to 15% to GDP growth in India.
Welding has been in practice in India since time immemorial. Industries, educational institutions and research organizations have been contributing to the development of welding science and technology in the country. While many industries are using state of art technologies, the breakup of the share of welding processes in fabrication and joining in India is roughly: SMAW 75%, GMAW plus GTAW 15%, SAW 3%, other fusion welding processes 3% and solid phase welding 4%. Over a million personnel are engaged in welding-related activities in India. They are engaged in development of consumables, manufacture of welding equipment and accessories, fabrication including repair and maintenance, development of welding automation and simulators, R&D in welding, and education and training in welding.
There are about 4 lakh welders working in organized and unorganized sectors in the country - majority (about 70%) of them are in the unorganized sector. Training and retraining of welders of such large number is indeed a daunting task. Vocational schools, Industrial Training Centres, Training Institutes and industrial houses provide training and certification to welders. Several educational institutions including degree and diploma colleges train welding engineers and supervisors. IIW-India also conducts AMIIW examination to certify qualified engineers and also facilitates issue of various certificates like International Welder, International Welding Engineer, etc.
The facilities available for educating, training and skilling of welding personnel in India seem to be inadequate. There seems to exist a huge gap between the projected demand and the supply. The gap can only be narrowed down if Distance Mode of Education with appropriate technologies such as Welding Training Simulators can be resorted to. The Government of India and several private organizations are taking various initiatives to rise to the occasion raising the hope of a bright future ahead.
- Welding of Acryalics Using Laser Beam:An Experimental Investigation
Abstract Views :238 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 47, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 23-23Abstract
Laser beam welding (LBW) uses high energy density beam making it suitable for welding of wide category of materials. As energy density around the focal point of laser beams is quite high, this technique is being increasingly used in the fabrication industry. Since laser beams follow the principle of optics, it can be easily regulated by selecting appropriate lenses. In this paper, a report on the experimental work involving laser beam welding (LBW) is presented where lap joints of two acryalic (polycarbonate) flats-one opaque and the other transparent, are tried to make. Laser beam passes through the transparent piece of plastic flat, and is focused on to the opaque flat around the interface region. Laser beam gets absorbed in the opaque flat in the interface region and generates heat energy causing local melting, and subsequent welding of both the flats. This method is named as through transmission laser welding. The bonding between the two components is likely to occur by interpenetration of molecular chains in the area that is promoted by fluidity of acrylic during welding. Process parameters such as clamping pressure and current are varied at some selected scanning speeds to explore the appropriate condition to obtain sound, strong weld joint within the experimental domain. The laser has a repetitive operating current less than 60 A with pulse frequency of 0.25-10 kHz. The used 30 W laser system is having spectral width of 1.69 nm, beam divergence of less than 0.20 N.A. and beam diameter of 800 urn with a wavelength of 809.40 μn. Scanning speed of 240,280,320 and 360 mm/min, current flow of 25,28,31 and 34 A, and clamping pressure of 20, 30,40 and 50 Kg/cm2 are chosen in this work. Sound welded joint between transparent and opaque acryalic components with high weld strength above 8 MPa is obtained under scanning speeds of 280 and 360 mm/min and 20 Kg/cm2 clamping pressure with weld current setting of 28, 31 and 34 A. Suitable heat input to the weld interface may have resulted in this observation. Therefore, these conditions may be recommended to apply to obtain large weld strength.- On the Effectiveness of Duplex Stainless Steel Cladding Deposited by Gas Metal Arc Welding
Abstract Views :273 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Anup Kumar Verma
1,
Bidhan Chandra Biswas
1,
Protap Roy
1,
Samiran De
1,
Sukanta Saren
1,
Santanu Das
1
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
1 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 47, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 24-24Abstract
Parts of a mechanical system or structure operating, or located, in corrosive environment get corroded gradually, and after a period of operation, it may fail prematurely, thus increasing cost of servicing and maintenance. There are various solutions which can be used to protect components or structures from the detrimental effect of their surrounding environment. Metal cladding is one of the solutions which are used widely and is economical. In the present experimental investigation, duplex stainless steel electrode is taken for cladding employing gas metal arc welding process. Tests are carried out on low alloy steel plates under different parametric combinations. Metallographic study and corrosion test are performed to evaluate changes in microstructure and corrosion behaviour of the clad portion respectively. At a welding voltage of 28 V, weld current of 145 A, and weld speed of 516 mm/min, when heat input is 0.38 kJ/mm, corrosion rate is found to be minimum. Hence, this parameter combination may be recommended for cladding to obtain more service life of components under similar corrosive environment.- An Experimental Investigation on Laser Beam Welding of Acrylics
Abstract Views :335 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 47, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 75-80Abstract
Laser beam welding (LBW) is nowadays increasingly used in the fabrication industry due to some of its distinct advantages. LBW offers high energy density around its focus thereby making it well suited for welding of certain category of materials that are considered difficult-to-weld. Since the laser follows the principles of optics, it is easy to regulate the laser beam by selecting appropriate lenses. In the present work, laser beam welding (LBW) is carried out to make lap joint of two acrylic flats- one opaque and the other transparent. Laser beam passes through the transparent piece of plastic flat and is focused on to the opaque flat around the interface region. Laser beam gets absorbed in the opaque flat in the interface region and generates heat energy causing local melting, and subsequent welding of both the flats. Clamping pressure is varied four times, and two levels of current flow and scanning speeds are set to find out a condition corresponding to sound, strong weld joint within the experimental domain. Good quality joint between transparent and opaque acrylic components with high weld strength of 8.33 MPa is obtained under 280 mm/min scanning speed and 2 MPa clamping pressure with 34 A weld current set, and hence, this condition may be recommended to apply to obtain enough weld strength.Keywords
Laser, Welding, LBW, Laser Beam Welding, Acrylic, Plastic Welding.- Application of L6 Orthogonal Array for Optimal Selection of Some Process Parameters in GMAW Process
Abstract Views :480 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Production Engineering, Nazrul Centenary Polytechnic, P. 0. Hindustan Cables, Rupnarayanpur-713 335, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, Dist. Nadia, West Bengal, IN
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, IN
4 Larson & Toubro Limited-ECC Division, Kanak Building, 4th. Floor, 41, Chowringhee Road, Kolkata-700071, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of Production Engineering, Nazrul Centenary Polytechnic, P. 0. Hindustan Cables, Rupnarayanpur-713 335, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, Dist. Nadia, West Bengal, IN
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, IN
4 Larson & Toubro Limited-ECC Division, Kanak Building, 4th. Floor, 41, Chowringhee Road, Kolkata-700071, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 45, No 4 (2012), Pagination: 41-50Abstract
Desired performance of Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) needs optimum selection of process parameters. A multi-response optimization problem has been formulated in this work in search of an optimal parametric combination to obtain a favourable butt joint by GMAW process using C02 gas shield. Taguchi's L6 orthogonal array design, and the concept of signal-to-noise ratio have been used to derive an objective function to be optimized within the experimental domain. All experimental runs have been repeated twice to check repeatability. The welding performance has been assessed through measurement of microhardness of the weld bead, and ultimate tensile strength of the weldment. The significance of factors on overall output features of the weldment has been evaluated quantitatively by ANOVA which shows that welding voltage has the maximum influence to obtain a sound weld within the range of experimental parameters considered.Keywords
GMAW, MAG, CO2 Gas Shield, Optimization, Butt Joint, Orthogonal Array, Taguchi Approach, ANOVA.- Parametric Optimisation of Spot Welding of 17-4 Ph Stainless Steels Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Abstract Views :356 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 44, No 4 (2011), Pagination: 69-77Abstract
Resistance spot welding is traditionally employed for joining thin sheet metals. However, flawless resistance spot welding of steels with large amount of alloying elements is a challenge to the welding engineers and scientists. In this work, resistance spot welding is done on 17-4 precipitation hardened stainless steel sheets that are widely applied in aerospace industries. Effect of variation of set weld current and welding time on the weldment is investigated. First, welding time is varied keeping weld current constant, and then, under a constant welding time, weld current is varied. Weld nugget diameter and its form are observed macroscopically, and tensile shear load tests are done to determine the spot strength. Metallographic observation is made to compare the heat affected zone and the weld zone. Details of the experimental conditions and procedure are presented in this paper. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is then applied to optimize the process parameters within the experimental domain. The optimal condition to have a quality weld is found at 5 cycles of welding time and 8 kA of set weld current under a load of 4 kN.Keywords
Welding, Resistance Spot Welding, AHP, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Parametric Optimization.- Editorial
Abstract Views :300 |
PDF Views:231
Authors
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 50, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 15-15Abstract
When January 2017 issue of Indian Welding Journal will reach you, it will be the colourfull Spring. Hope you will all enjoy the Seasonal Beauty merrily.
We have passed really a joyful Golden Jubilee Year 2016 of The Indian Institute of Welding. IIW-Indians and concerned others have celebrated the Golden Jubilee with overwhelming zeal and enthusiasm all over India, at the Head Quarter and at different branches, chapters and sections. Now it is the turn of Indian Welding Journal to bring out Volume 50 of its publication throughout this year 2017 with some added features.
Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :307 |
PDF Views:247
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Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 50, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 13-13Abstract
Volume 50, April 2017 issue of Indian Welding Journal is being published amidst scorching sun after the joyful spring. Hope a spell of thunder storm and rain would bring relief to people.
The Editor is happy to note that Volume 50 No.1 2017 issue is well taken by the welding fraternity with the new introduction of DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and Plagiarism Checking through Crossref of iThenticate System from this first issue of Golden Jubilee volume of Indian Welding Journal. We continue this system to the second issue of this 50th Volume. With this step, hope visibility of Indian Welding Journal would increase across the globe, and high quality of published articles would be maintained. In this connection, a letter of Mr. S. V. Sambamurti, the 1st Editor of the Indian Welding Journal, to the Editor is printed in this issue. His good wishes and kind words put forward lot of encouragements to the Editor and Editorial Board Members.
Full Text
- An Investigation on the Anti-Corrosion Characteristics of Stainless Steel Cladding
Abstract Views :497 |
PDF Views:10
Authors
Anup Kumar Verma
1,
Bidhan Chandra Biswas
1,
Protap Roy
1,
Samiran De
1,
Sukanta Saren
1,
Santanu Das
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 50, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 52-63Abstract
Cladding through GMAW can be done on surfaces of components and structures exposed to corrosive environment to raise their service life. Corrosion resistant materials are clad up on to a corrosion prone material up to a desired thickness. Since clad materials are basically of different compositions, they are dissimilar in nature. In the present work, cladding of austenitic stainless steel (316) is done on to low alloy steel specimens under varying parametric combinations. Clad quality including metallography is studied on clad specimens at different locations of it. Corrosion tests performed on clad specimens show substantially less corrosion pits present on the surface of clad portions than that on the surface of unclad portion. At a weld voltage of 26 V, weld current of 145 A, and weld speed of 535.8 mm/min, with a heat input of 0.338 kJ/mm, corrosion rate is observed to be the minimum among the experiments conducted, and hence, can be recommended to adopt.Keywords
Cladding, Austenitic Stainless Steel, Corrosion, Welding, GMAW, Heat Input.References
- [ I ] Alam N, Jarvis L, Harris D and Solta A (2002); Laser cladding for repair of engineering components, Australian Welding Journal, 47, pp.38-47.
- Ratkus A, Torims T and Gutakovskis V (2012); Research on bucket bore renewal technologies. Proceedings of the 8th Int. DAAAM Baltic Conference, Tallinn, Estonia, pp.1-5.
- Kumar V, Singh G and Yusufzal MZK (2012); Effects of process parameters of gas metal arc welding on dilution in cladding of stainless steel on mild steel, MIT International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2(2), pp.127-131.
- Murugan N and Parmar RS (1994); Effects of MIG process parameters on the geometry of the bead In the automatic surfacing of stainless steel. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 41, pp.381s-398s.
- Kannan T and Yoganandh J (2010); Effect of process parameters on clad bead geometry and its shape relationships of stainless steel claddings deposited by GMAW, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 47, pp.1083-1095.
- Sabiruddin K, Das S and Bhattacharya S (2013); Selection of appropriate process parameters for gas meatal arc welding of medium carbon steel specimens. International Journal of Analytic Hierarchy Process, 5(2); pp.252-267.
- Sreeraj P, Kannan T and Maji S (2013); Prediction and control of weld bead geometry in gas metal arc welding process using simulated annealing algorithm. International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, 3(1), pp.213-222.
- Sarkar A and Das S (2011); Application of grey-based taguchi method for optimizing gas metal arc welding of stainless steels, Indian Welding Journal, 44(1), pp.37-48.
- Palani PK and Murugan N (2007); Optimisation of weld bead geometry for stainless steel cladding deposited by FCAW, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 190, pp.291-299.
- Ghosh PK, Gupta PC and Goyal VK (1998); Stainless steel cladding of structural steel plates using the pulsed current GMAW process. Welding Research Supplement, Welding Journal, pp.307s-314s.
- ChakrabartI B, Das H, Das S and Pal TK (2013); Study on clad quality of duplex stainless steel by gas metal arc welding process. Transactions of Indian Institute of Metals, 66(3), pp.221-230.
- Kannan T and Muguran N (2006); Effect of flux cored arc welding process parameters on duplex stainless steel clad quality. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 176, pp.230-239.
- Nouri M, Abdollah-Zadeh A and Maiek F (2007); Effect of welding parameters on dilution and weld bead geometry in cladding. Journal of Materials Science and Technology, 23(6), pp.817-822.
- Palani PK and Muguran N (2006); Development of mathematical models for prediction of weld bead geometry in cladding by flux cored arc welding. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 30, pp.669-676.
- Khara B, Mandal ND, Sarkar A, Sarkar M, Chakarbarti B and Das S (2016); Weld cladding with austenitic stainless steel for imparting corrosion resistance, Indian Welding Journal, 49(1), pp.74-81.
- Verma AK, Biswas BC, Roy P, De S, Saren S and Das S (2013); Exploring quality of austenitic stainless steel clad layer obtained by metal active gas welding, Indian Science Cruiser, 27(4), pp.24-29.
- Rao NV, Reddy GM and Nagarjuna S (2011); Weld overlay cladding of high strength low alloy steel with austenitic stainless steel structure and properties. Materials and Design, 32, pp.2496-2506.
- Tsal WT and Chen JR (2007); Galvanic corrosion between the constituent phases in duplex stainless steel. Corrosion Science, 49, pp.3659-3668.
- Mondal A, Saha MK, Hazra Rand DasS (2016); Influence of heat Input on weld bead geometry using duplex stainless steel wire electrode on low alloy steel specimens. Cogent Engineering, 3(1), p. 1143598.
- Funderburk RS (1999); Key concepts in welding engineering. Welding Innovation, 16(1), pp. 1-4.
- ElmerJW, Allen SM and Eager TW (1989); Microstructural development during solidification of stainless steel alloys. Metallurgical Transactions A, 20A, pp.217-231.
- Martins M and CastelettI LC (2005); Heat treatment temperature Influence on ASTM A890 GR 6A super duplex stainless steel microstructure. Materials Characterization, 55(3), pp.225-233.
- Editorial
Abstract Views :299 |
PDF Views:222
Authors
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 50, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 15-15Abstract
July 2017 issue of Volume 50 of Indian Welding Journal is brought out within rainy season amidst lush green surroundings. Due to some unavoidable circumstances, publication of this issue is somewhat delayed. The Editor is happy to state that recently this journal is included in the list of approved journals by the UGC (University Grants Commission).Full Text
- Pulse Current Gas Metal Arc Welding : Characteristics, Control and Applications
Abstract Views :273 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 50, No 3 (2017), Pagination: 31-31Abstract
This book is a part of the Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology book series. It has a total of 322 pages, and is primarily written for Masters and Ph.D. level students and for industries.
Gas Metal Arc Welding Process is widely employed in industry at present. However, for some distinct reasons. Pulse Current Gas Metal Arc Welding Process is gaining focus nowadays. In this monograph, therefore, the author discusses the basic concept of this process, special aspects of this process and applicability of this process in different areas.
- Effect of Activating Flux on Penetration in ATIG Welding of 316 Stainless Steel
Abstract Views :568 |
PDF Views:16
Authors
Sagar Roy
1,
Siladitya Samaddar
1,
Md. Nasim Uddin
1,
Aktarul Hoque
1,
Sagnik Mishra
1,
Santanu Das
1
Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani, West Bengal, IN
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 50, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 72-80Abstract
Tungsten inert gas welding is popular in some industries due to the possibility of obtaining good weld bead surface and high-quality joint without any weld defect. However, compared to many welding processes, shallow penetration of TIG welding hinders its applicability to weld thick components in one pass, thus the productivity is relatively low. An increased depth of penetration can be achieved by Activated TIG (ATIG) welding leading to overall reduction in number of welding passes, and thus increasing productivity. In the present work, attempts were made to find out the optimum flux mixture of SiO and TiO from various ratio of mixtures by carrying out 2 2 bead-on-plate welding on AISI 316 Stainless Steel specimens. From the obtained experimental data, suitable flux ratio was tried to find out giving the highest depth of penetration.Keywords
Welding, GTAW, ATIG Welding, Activating Flux, Bead-on-Plate Welding, Bead Geometry, Penetration.References
- Sakthivel T, Vasudevan M, Laha K, Parameswaran P, Chandravathi KS, Mathew MD and Bhaduri AK (2011); Comparison of creep rupture behaviour of type 316L(N) austenitic stainless steel joints welded by TIG and activated TIG welding processes, Materials Science and Engineering A, 528, pp.6971– 6980.
- Tseng KH and Hsu CY (2011); Performance of activated TIG process in austenitic stainless steel welds, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 211, pp.503–512.
- Kumar V, Lucas B, Howse D, Raghunathan S and Vilarinho L (2015); Investigation of the A-TIG Mechanism and Productivity Benefits in TIG Welding, Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Joining of Materials.
- Patel AB and Patel SP (2014); The effect of activating flux in TIG welding. International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, 4, pp.65-70.
- Vyas AH and Patel RM (2017); A review paper on TIG welding process parameters, International Journal for Scientific Research & Development, 5, pp.1301-1304.
- Yang C, Lin S, Liu F, Wu L and Zhang Q (2003); Research on the mechanism of penetration increase by flux in ATIG welding, Journal of Material Science and Technology, 19(Suppl.1), pp.225-227.
- Chern TS, Tseng KH and Tsai HL (2011); Study of the characteristics of duplex stainless steel activated tungsten inert gas welds, Materials and Design, 32, pp.255–263.
- Yang C, Lin S, Liu F, Wu L and Zhang Q (2003); Research on the mechanism of penetration increase by flux in ATIG welding, Journal of Material Science and Technology, 19(Suppl.1), pp.225-227.
- Huang HY, Shyu SW, Tseng KH and Chou CP (2005); Evaluation of TIG flux welding on the characteristics of stainless steel, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 10, pp.566-573.
- Ahmadi E, Ebrahimi AR and Azari Khosroshahi R (2013); Welding of 304L stainless steel with activated tungsten inert gas process (A-TIG), International Journal of ISSI, 10(1), pp.27-33.
- Ming LQ, Hong WX, Da ZZ and Jun W (2007); Effect of activating flux on arc shape and arc voltage in tungsten inert gas welding, Transactions of the Nonferrous Metallurgy Society of China, I7, pp.486-490.
- Singh EB and Singh EA (2015); Performance of activated TIG process in mild steel welds, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 12, pp.1-5.
- Sandor T, Mekler C, Dobranszky J and Kaptay G (2013); An improved theoretical model for A-TIG welding based on surface phase transition and reversed Marangoni flow, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, 44A, pp.351361.
- Lugade PS and Deshmukh MJ (2015); Optimization of process parameters of activated tungsten inert gas (ATIG) welding for stainless steel 304L using Taguchi method, International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science, 3(3), pp.854-860.
- Kumar R and Sundara Bharathi SR (2015); A review study on A-TIG welding of 316(L) austenitic stainless steel, International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology, 2, pp.2066-2072.
- Marya M (2002); Theoretical and experimental assessment of chloride effects in the A-TIG welding of magnesium, Welding in the World, 46, pp.7-21.
- Zhang RH, Pan JL and Katayama S (2011); The mechanism of penetration increase in A-TIG welding, Frontiers of Material Science, 5, pp.109-118.
- Sándor T and Dobránszky J. (2007); The experiences of activated tungsten inert gas (ATIG) welding applied on 1.4301 type stainless steel plates, Materials Science Forum, 537-538, pp.63-70.
- Fujii, Sato T, Lua S and Nogi K (2008); Development of an advanced A-TIG (AA-TIG) welding method by control of Marangoni convection, Materials Science and Engineering A, 495, pp.296-303.
- Shah B and Madhvani B (2017); A review paper on A-TIG welding process, International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering, 3, pp.312-315.
- Magudeeswaran G, Nair SR, Sundar L and Harikannan N (2014); Optimization of process parameters of the A-TIG welding for aspect ratio of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel welds. Defense Technology, 10, pp.251-260.
- Vasantharaja P and Vasudevan M (2012); Studies on ATIG welding of low activation ferritic / martensitic steel, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 421, pp.117-123.
- Pramanick AK, Modak S and Pal TK (2013); Effect of different oxide fluxes on the penetration depth, microstructure and corrosion behaviour of austenitic stainless steel in A-TIG welding, Indian Welding Journal, 46(1), pp.40-49.
- Editorial
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 50, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 13-13Abstract
Last issue (October 2017 issue) of Golden Jubilee Volume 50 of Indian Welding Journal is now ready to publish after the long spell of festival season. The Editor reports that majority of the digitization and metadata extraction work of the published articles of Indian Welding Journal since the 1st issue of volume 1 1968 has been completed and they are now available in the i-Scholar repository (http://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/IWJ). Interested persons may please surf this repository. The role of M/s. Informatics Publishing Limited, Bangalore in carrying out this task is duly acknowledged.Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :274 |
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 51, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 13-13Abstract
Wish You All a Happy and Prosperous New Year 2018! After the spell of cold weather, you are surely awaiting for welcoming the colourful Spring. In the mean while, the first volume after publication of Volume 50, 2017 of the Indian Welding Journal is being brought out.Full Text
- Investigation on the Effect of Activating Flux on Tungsten Inert Gas Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel Using AC Polarity
Abstract Views :412 |
PDF Views:11
Authors
Suman Saha
1,
Santanu Das
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 51, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 84-92Abstract
Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding is a popular joining process due to its inherent capability in producing superior quality welding in a wide range of materials. However, lower productivity of it paves the way for introduction of a number of variants of TIG welding, including Flux Bounded TIG (FB-TIG) welding and Activated TIG (A-TIG) welding. In this paper, variations of weld morphology and characteristics with heat input in AC A-TIG welding of both bead-on-plate and butt joining of 6mm thick 316L stainless steel plates using TiO2, Cr2O3 and Fe2O3 as activating flux and a stainless steel filler material are investigated. Results are also compared with that obtained in conventional TIG welding. Variations of various weld characteristics viz. depth of penetration, width of weld bead, reinforcement, Reinforcement Form Factor (RFF), and Penetration Shape Factor (PSF) against change in heat input are analyzed and compared. It is observed that TiO2 and Fe2O3 fluxes effectively enhance the penetration due to increase in fluidity and wettability of molten metal and, at the same time, reduce the width of weld bead; whereas, Cr2O3 flux gives inferior results as it reduces penetration instead of increasing it as compared to conventional TIG welding.Keywords
Welding, A-TIG, Activated Flux, Heat Input, Depth of Penetration.References
- Lin HS and Wu TM (2012); Effects of activating flux on weld bead geometry of inconel 718 alloy TIG welds, Mat and Manuf Proc, 27, pp.1457-1461.
- Gurevich SM, Zamkov VN and Kushnirenko NA (1965); Improving the penetration of titanium alloys when they are welded by argon tungsten arc process, Avtomatich Svarka, 9(4).
- Howse DS and Lucas W (2000); Investigation into arc constriction by active fluxes for tungsten inert gas welding; Sc and Tech of Welding and Joining, 5(3), pp.189-193.
- Tseng KH (2013); Development and application of oxide-based flux powder for tungsten inert gas welding of austenitic stainless steels, Powder Tech, 233, pp.72-79;.
- Kuo CH, Tseng KH and Chou CP (2011); Effect of activated TIG flux on performance of dissimilar welds between mild steel and stainless steel, Key Engg Mat, 479, pp.74-80.
- Dey HC, Albert SK, Bhaduri AK and Mudali UK (2013); Activated flux TIG welding of titanium, Welding in the World, 57(6), pp.903-912.
- Magudeeswaran G, Nair SR, Sundar L and Harikannan N (2014); Optimization of process parameters of the activated tungsten inert gas welding for aspect ratio of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel welds, Defence Tech, 10(3), pp.251-260.
- Sambherao AB (2013); Use of activated flux for increasing penetration in austenitic stainless steel while performing GTAW, Int J Emerging Tech and Adv Engg, 3(12).
- Roy S, Samaddar S, Nasim Uddin Md., Hoque A, Mishra S and Das S (2017); Effect of activating flux on penetration in ATIG welding of 316 stainless steel, Indian Welding Journal, 50(4), pp. 72-80.
- Mondal A, Saha MK, Hazra R and Das S (2016); Influence of heat input on weld bead geometry using duplex stainless steel wire electrode on low alloy steel specimens, Cogent Engg, 3(1), pp.1143598/1-14.
- Editorial
Abstract Views :256 |
PDF Views:218
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 51, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 13-13Abstract
Volume 51, April 2018 issue of Indian Welding Journal is being brought out within the summer heat wave. Hope for frequent spells of rain to bring relief to people. The Editor expects that Vol.51 No.1, 2018 issue has reached members and subscribers. Even if it does not reach to a member or subscriber, one can surf through the website (http://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/IWJ) to find details of the articles published - the current one or the old ones.
The Editor tries to increase number of research papers or case studies, etc. in each issue. Assigning DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and Plagiarism Checking through Crossref of iThenticate system are being continued as a standard system followed internationally. With this, visibility of Indian Welding Journal has been increased across the globe surely.
Full Text
- Influence of Heat input on Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steel Cladding using Flux Cored Arc Welding on Low Alloy Steel Flats
Abstract Views :306 |
PDF Views:8
Authors
Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741 235, West Bengal, IN
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741 235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 51, No 3 (2018), Pagination: 66-72Abstract
Cladding is deposition of material on a corrosion-prone substrate to protect it from corrosion. Duplex stainless steel cladding is reported to have the ability to offer good corrosion resistance. In the present work, duplex stainless steel (E2209 T0-1) filler material is used for depositing a single layer with 50% overlap on E250 low alloy steel substrate using FCAW process with 100% CO as shielding gas. Three sets of heat input are chosen for the 2 experiment. Each set has different welding voltage and current, whereas travel speed has been kept constant for all experimental runs. Experiments have been replicated twice. 24-hour accelerated corrosion test is conducted on the clad surface in ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid solution. Results obtained from corrosion test indicate that all clad parts have better pitting corrosion resistance than the base metal. Corrosion resistance of clad parts exhibits decreasing tendency with greater heat input on the whole. Polynomial regression analysis is used to establish the quadratic relationship between heat input and pitting corrosion rate that indicate corrosion rate to increase with increase in heat input. ANOVA table depicts that the results obtained in pitting corrosion test against different heat input conditions are significant with high (95%) confidence level. The value of R2 (0.7014) indicates fairly good association between heat input and corrosion rate.Keywords
Cladding, FCAW, Heat Input, Corrosion, Regression Analysis.References
- Conor LP (1987); Welding Hand Book, 8th Edition, Vol. 1, American Welding Soc., USA.
- Saha MK and Das S (2016); A review on different cladding techniques employed to resist corrosion, J of Association of Engineers, India, 86(1-2), pp.51-63.
- Saha MK and Das S (2018); Gas metal arc weld cladding and its anti-corrosion performance - a brief review, Athens Journal of Technology and Engineering, 5(2), pp. 155-174
- Verma AK, Biswas BC, Roy P, De S, Saren, S and Das S (2014); On the effectiveness of duplex stainless steel cladding deposited by gas metal arc welding, e-Proc. 67th Int. Conf. of Annual Assembly of the Int. Inst. of Welding, Seoul, Korea.
- Verma AK, Biswas BC, Roy P, De S, Saren, S and Das S (2013); Exploring quality of austenitic stainless steel clad layer obtained by metal active gas welding, Indian Science Cruiser, 27(4), pp.24-29.
- Kannan T and Muguran N (2006); Effect of flux cored arc welding process parameters on duplex stainless steel clad quality, J. of Mat. Proc. Tech., 176, pp.230-239.
- Chakrabarti B, Das S, Das H and Pal TK (2013); Effect of process parameters on clad quality of duplex stainless steel using GMAW process, Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 66(3), pp.221-230.
- Mondal A, Saha MK, Hazra R and Das S (2016); Influence of heat input on weld bead geometry using duplex stainless steel wire electrode on low alloy steel specimens, Cogent Engg, 3, pp.1143598/1-14.
- Balan AV and Kannan T (2016); Effect of heat input on pitting corrosion resistance of super duplex stainless steel weld claddings, Int. J. Chem Tech Res., 9(3), pp.358-362.
- Verma AK, Biswas BC, Roy P, De S, Saren, S and Das S (2017); An investigation on the anti-corrosion characteristics of stainless steel cladding, IWJ, 50(3), pp 52-63.
- Saha MK, Mondal J, Mondal A and Das S (2016); Influence of process parameters on corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel cladding done on low alloy steel specimens, Proc. of the National Welding Seminar, Kolkata, India.
- Eghlimi A, Shamanian M and Raeissi K (2016); Effect of current type on microstructure and corrosion resistance of super duplex stainless steel claddings produced by the gas tungsten arc welding process, Surface & Coatings Tech, 244, pp.46-51.
- Zhang Z, Zhang H, Zhao H and Li J (2016); Effect of prolonged thermal cycles on the pitting corrosion resistanceof a newly developed LDX 2404 lean duplex stainless steel, Corrosion Science, 103, pp.189-195.
- Asif MM, Kulkarni AS, Sathiya P and Goel S (2016); The impact of heat input on the strength, toughness, microhardness, microstructure and corrosion aspects of friction welded duplex stainless steel joints, J. Manuf. Proc., 18, pp.92-106.
- Saha MK, Mondal A, Hazra R and Das S (2016); On the
- variation of hardness of duplex stainless steel clad layer deposited by flux-cored arc welding, Reason - A Technical Journal, 15, pp. 1-6.
- Khara B, Mandal ND, Sarkar A, Sarkar M, Chakrabarti B and Das S (2016); Weld cladding with austenitic stainless steel for imparting corrosion resistance, Indian Welding Journal, 49(1), pp.75-81.
- Saha MK, Hazra R, Mondal A and Das S (2016); Effect of process parameters on corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel cladding done on low alloy steel specimens, Proc. National Welding Seminar, Kolkata, India.
- Ha HY, Jang MH, Lee TH and Moon J (2014); Interpretation of the relation between ferrite fraction and pitting corrosion resistance of commercial 2205 duplex stainless steel, Corrosion Science, 89, pp.154-162.
- Elmer JW, Allen SM and Eagar TW (1989); Microstructural development during solidification of stainless steel alloys, Metallurgical Transaction A, 10A, pp.2117-2131.
- Editorial
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 51, No 3 (2018), Pagination: 13-13Abstract
July 2018 issue of Volume 51 of Indian Welding Journal is now ready to publish. With occasional rain, the all-round green surrounding takes a lovely look. The Indian Institute of Welding, even after crossing the 50 years of its journey, is taking newer steps to expand itself to remain pretty young and dynamic. This year a Welder Competition Exclusively for Ladies is being held first time the history of the institute. Surely, girls and ladies are coming up to take the challenge at any level of a task.
After the successful organization of the National Welding Meet 2018 (NWN-2018) organized nicely by the Baroda Branch on August 03-04 2018. The next big event N WS-2018 is now knocking the door. The annual mega event, National Welding Seminar 2018 (NWS-2018) is rescheduled to be held on December 13-15, 2018 at Kochi, Kerala. Hope welding fraternity in and around India will participate in the same to make it a grand success.
Full Text
- Corrosion Behaviour of 316 Austenitic Stainless Steel Cladding on Copper Coated Low Alloy Steel by Gas Metal Arc Welding
Abstract Views :330 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Institute for Junior Executives, Howrah 711104, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, IN
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 711201, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Institute for Junior Executives, Howrah 711104, West Bengal, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, IN
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur - 711201, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 51, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 57-65Abstract
Cladding has developed growing interest among engineers for providing greater corrosion resistance and erosion resistance of the surface of low grade steel components in aggressive environments. Austenitic stainless steel yields satisfactory results as a clad material and successfully used for last few decades. Among different techniques producing quality clad parts, gas metal arc welding is a popular method for cladding due to its simplicity and cost effectiveness. Corrosion resistance of the clad part depends on different microstructural phases as well as alloying elements present in clad layer. Copper, one of the austenising alloying elements, is used to increase corrosion resistance in steel especially in sulphuric acid atmosphere. In the present investigation, austenitic stainless steel (316) is clad by means of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) on copper coated E250 low alloy steel using 100% CO2 as shielding gas. Copper coating is done on low alloy steel by electroplating process. Single layer cladding is done keeping 50% overlap. Process parameters of GMAW like welding current and troch travel speed are varied in three levels, keeping welding voltage constant. Heat input varies accordingly. Corrosion tests are carried out in three different media (ferric chloride, copper chloride and sulphuric acid solutions). Experimental results show that copper addition improves corrosion resistance to a great extent in sulphate atmosphere, moderately in ferric chloride and the least in case of copper chloride atmosphere. The corrosion rate decreases at higher heat input on the whole. In every case, the cladding exhibits much better corrosion resistance than the base metal.Keywords
Cladding, GMAW, Copper Coating, Corrosion Resistance, Buttering Layer.References
- Saha MK and Das S (2016); A review on different cladding techniques employed to resist corrosion, Journal of the Association of Engineers, India, 86(1-2), pp. 51-64.
- Saha MK, Mondal A, Hazra R and Das S (2016); On the variation of the hardness of duplex stainless steel clad layer deposited by flux-cored arc welding, Reason- A Technical Journal, 15, pp.1-6.
- Saha MK, Mondal J, Mondal A and Das S (2017); Influence of heat input on corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel cladding using flux-cored arc welding on low alloy steel, Indian Welding Journal, 51(3), pp.66-72.
- Chakraborty B, Das H, Das S and Pal TK (2013); Effect of process parameters on clad quality of duplex stainless steel using GMAW process, Transaction of the Indian Institute of Metals, 66(3), pp.221-230.
- Mondal A, Saha MK, Hazra R and Das S (2015); Influence of heat input on weld bead geometry using duplex stainless steel wire electrode on low alloy steel specimens, Cogent Engineering, 3(1), pp. 1-14.
- Davis JR, Davis & Associates, Stainless steel cladding and weld overlay, ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels, 06398G, 1994 extracted on 31.10.2015.
- Verma AK, Biswas BC, Roy P, De S, Saren S and Das S (2013) Exploring quality of austenitic stainless steel clad layer obtained by metal active gas welding, Indian Science Cruiser, 27(4), pp.24-29.
- The effects of alloying elements, Outokumpu, 2016, extracted from http://www.outokumpu.com/en/
- products-properties/more-stainless/the-effects-ofalloyingelements%E2%80%8B/pages/ default.aspx
- Shen Z, Chen Y, Haghshenas M, Nguyen T, Galloway J and Gerlich AP (2015); Interfacial microstructure and properties of copper clad steel produced using friction stir welding versus gas metal arc welding, Materials Characterization, 104, pp. 1–9.
- Jiangnan Y, Lichang W and Wenhao S (1992); The effect of copper on the anodic dissolution behaviour of austenitic stainless steel in acidic chloride solution, Corrosion Science, 33(6), pp. 851-859.
- Savage WF, Nippes EP and Mushala MC (1978); Coppercontamination cracking in weld heat affected zone, Welding Journal, 5, pp. 145-152.
- Banas J and Mazurkiewicz A (2000); The effect of copper on passivity and corrosion behaviour of ferritic and ferritic–austenitic stainless steels, Materials Science and Engineering A, 277, pp. 183–191.
- Chen W, Wu Y and Shen J (2004); Effect of copper and bronze addition on corrosion resistance of alloyed 316L stainless steel cladded on plain carbon steel by powder metallurgy, Journal of Material Science & Technology, 20(2), pp. 217-220.
- Tomio A, Sagara M, Doi T, Amaya H, Otsuka N and Kudo T (2014); Role of alloyed copper on corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel in H2S–Cl environment, Corrosion Science, 81, pp. 144–151.
- Lee J, Kim S, Lee I, Kim G, Kim J and Park Y (2012); Effect of copper addition on the active corrosion behavior of hyper duplex stainless steels in sulfuric acid, Materials Transactions, 53(6), pp. 1048 -1055.
- Application of Grey-based Taguchi Method For Optimising Gas Metal Arc Welding Of Stainless Steels
Abstract Views :243 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741 235, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741 235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 44, No 1 (2011), Pagination: 37-48Abstract
Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) is widely used in industry to obtain high quality welds with high deposition rate. Carbon di-oxide is used in this work for GMAW, the process known as metal active gas (MAG) welding. In this experimental investigation, 1.2 mm diameter of stainless steel electrode is employed maintaining a ischolar_main gap of 1.3 mm and 15 bar gas pressure. Welding voltage, welding current, and welding speed are varied to weld stainless steel specimens to make square butt joint. Experimental design is made using Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array design, and signal-to-noise ratio is used to derive objective functions to be optimized within experimental domain. Objective functions selected include weld bead reinforcement, depth of penetration, weld metal hardness and bending load at a bend angle of 100. Grey relational analysis is applied to solve this multi-response optimization problem. Within the experimental domain, optimum weld is found with a weld current of 160 amp and a weld voltage of 30 volt with 327 to 554 mm/min weld traverse speed.
Keywords
GMAW, MAG, Orthogonal Array, Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Taguchi Approach, Grey Relational Analysis.- Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process for Optimization of Process Parameters in GMAW
Abstract Views :274 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, IIT Kharagpur- 721302, IN
2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, West Bengal, IN
3 Mechanical Engineering Department, Thapar University, Patiala 147004, Punjab, IN
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, IIT Kharagpur- 721302, IN
2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, West Bengal, IN
3 Mechanical Engineering Department, Thapar University, Patiala 147004, Punjab, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 42, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 38-46Abstract
Among the arc welding processes, gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is a popular process to the present-day fabrication industries. Controlling process parameters of GMAW is very important to obtain the desired product quality. In the present work, parametric optimization has been done in GMAW using CO2 gas through applying the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). This technique shows quite close estimates with the experimental results.
Keywords
GMAW, MAG, Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP, Parametric Optimisation.- Editorial
Abstract Views :268 |
PDF Views:214
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 51, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 17-17Abstract
Last issue of Volume 51 of Indian Welding Journal is coming out close to the end of the year 2018. Let us hope the New Year will usher in good days for the mankind across the globe.
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- Editorial
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 52, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 13-13Abstract
Volume 52 of Indian Welding Journal is being published with its first issue in the New Year 2019. Hope this New-Year issue will be liked by the welding fraternity.
The annual event, National Welding Seminar 2018 (NWS-2018), has just been successfully organised on December 13-15, 2018 at Kochi, Kerala. Large participation of persons related to welding and allied processes was witnessed in this seminar.
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- Editorial
Abstract Views :333 |
PDF Views:219
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 52, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 13-13Abstract
While the colourful Spring is bidding the adieu, Volume 52, No.2 April 2019 issue of Indian Welding Journal is being brought out. With frequent cuckoo sound being heard around, the sun is also set to come out with its full energy in the ensuing summer in the Baishakh of the New Year. The Indian Institute of Welding with its dynamism is expanding its activities with youthful zeal. IC 2020 - an International event, is being organized in the year to come, hosted by the Mumbai Branch of The Indian Institute of Welding. Organizing Committee Members are gearing up to conduct this prestigious event successfully. It is requested to follow its detail through its website. www.iiwindia.com.Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :274 |
PDF Views:120
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 52, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 15-15Abstract
Amidst occasional or heavy rain with full of green surroundings, Volume 52 Number 3 July 2019 issue of Indian Welding Journal is becoming ready to publish. Steps are taken such that this issue reaches the members and subscribers by the end of this month.Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :265 |
PDF Views:124
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 52, No 4 (2019), Pagination: 13-13Abstract
The mega event, IC 2020- the 5th International Congress, is knocking at the door and this will be held on February 06-08, 2020 in Mumbai. Along with this, there will be 13th Welding Technology Exhibition, Weld India 2020 that will be organized on February 07-09, 2020. Besides these, Young Welding Professionals' International Conference (YPIC 2020) will also be arranged. Hope welding fraternity of India and abroad will participate in large number in the same to make the events an overwhelming success.Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :292 |
PDF Views:136
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 53, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 13-13Abstract
In this New Year 2020, the 5th International Congress, IC 2020 is being organized on February 06-08, 2020 in Mumbai by The Indian Institute of Welding. Along with this, there will be 13th Welding Technology Exhibition, Weld India 2020 that will be held on February 07-09, 2020. Also Young Welding Professionals' International Conference (YPIC 2020) will be held there. Welding fraternity of India and abroad are requested to participate in large number in these events to make these a grand success.
Reports of different activities of IIW-India Branches and Sections are there in this January 2020 issue as usual so also the section of American Welding Society (AWS).
Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :263 |
PDF Views:113
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 53, No 2 (2020), Pagination: 11-11Abstract
Earlier this year , the 5th International Congress (IC 2020) of the International Institute of Welding, 13th Welding Technology Exhibition (Weld India 2020) and Young Welding Professionals' International Conference (YPIC 2020) have been organized in Mumbai during the period, February 06-09, 2020 by The Indian Institute of Welding with a grand success. Welding fraternity of India and abroad has participated in large number in all these events. Report of these concurrent events is placed in this issue.Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :256 |
PDF Views:92
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 53, No 3 (2020), Pagination: 9-9Abstract
Volume 53 Number 3 July 2020 issue of Indian Welding Journal is being readied amidst the lockdown and unlock phases under the CoVID19 pandemic situation. Already more than a crore of people is affected with this Novel Corona virus and few lakhs have expired. People should maintain the prescribed safety measures as stipulated by the WHO and concerned Government directives. At this point of time, it becomes difficult to predict anything about the time frame when the situation will become normal.Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :250 |
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 53, No 4 (2020), Pagination: 9-9Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
- Experimental Investigation on Bead-on-Plate Welding and Cladding using Pulsed GTAW Process
Abstract Views :222 |
PDF Views:7
Authors
Soumak Bose
1,
Santanu Das
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, IN
2 Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, IN
2 Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, Nadia, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 54, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 64-76Abstract
Manufacturing industries intend superior quality production maintaining economy with improved productivity. Components used in engineering applications are desired to have high strength and corrosion resistance for long run reliable performance. Weld cladding is commonly employed on a corrosion prone material with a goal to achieve longer service life of the same. For doing weld cladding, obtaining favourable bead geometry is important, and heat input is expected to play a vital role. In this work, bead-on-plate experiments are first done on low carbon steel substrate using 316 austenitic stainless steel filler employing pulsed GTAW or TIG process. Three-variable Box-Behnken unblocked design of experiment of Response Surface Methodology is resorted to for setting experimental runs. Evaluating appropriate process parameters from this set of experiments, experimental conditions of cladding are set. Corrosion test shows that at 150A welding current, 33Hz welding pulse frequency and 150 mm/min torch travel speed with 0.594 kJ/mm heat input, corrosion rate becomes minimum, and therefore, this parametric combination may be recommended to adopt.Keywords
Welding, GTAW-P, Pulsed TIG, Cladding, Weld Bead, Corrosion.References
- Ishida T (1991); Formation of stainless steel layer on mild steel by welding arc cladding, Journal of Materials Science, 26, pp. 6431–6435.
- Cheng FT, Lo KH Lo, Man HC (2003); NiTi cladding on stainless steel by TIG surfacing process Part I. Cavitation erosion behavior, Surface and Coatings Technology, 172, pp. 308–315.
- Xu G, Kutsuna M, Liu Z, Yamada K (2006); Comparison between diode laser and TIG cladding of Co-based alloys on the SUS403 stainless steel, Surface and Coatings Technology, 201(3-4), pp. 1138-1144.
- Wang XH, Zhang M, Zou ZD, Song SL, Han F, Qu SY (2006); In situ production of Fe–TiC surface composite coatings by tungsten-inert gas heat source, Surface & Coatings Technology, 200(6), pp. 117–6122.
- Lv SX, Xu ZW, Wang HT, Yang SQ (2008); Investigation on TIG cladding of copper alloy on steel plate, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 13(1), pp. 10–16.
- Chen JH, Hua PH, Chen PN, Chang CM, Chen MC, Wu W (2008); Characteristics of multi-element alloy cladding produced by TIG process, Materials letters, 62(16), pp. 2490-2492.
- Madadi F, Ashrafizadeh F, Shamanian M (2012); Optimization of pulsed TIG cladding process of stellite alloy on carbon steel using RSM, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 510(1), pp. 71-77.
- Azimi GH, Shamanian M, Firozi P (2012); Microstructure and wear properties of Fe-Cr-C and Fe-Cr-Nb-C clads on carbon steel by TIG surfacing process, International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering, 6(1-2), pp. 15-23.
- Saha MK, Das S (2016); A review on different cladding techniques employed to resist corrosion, Journal of the Association of Engineers, India, 86, pp. 51–63.
- Westin EM, Schnitzer R, Ciccomascolo F, Maderthoner A, Gronlund K, Runnsjo G (2016); Austenitic stainless steel bismuth-free flux-cored wires for hightemperature applications, Welding in the World, 60(6), pp. 1147-1158.
- Khara B, Mandal N D, Sarkar A, Sarkar M (2016); Weld Cladding with Austenitic Stainless Steel for Imparting Corrosion Resistanc, Indian Welding Journal, 49(1), pp. 74-81.
- Sahoo CK, Masanta M (2017); Microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC-Ni coating on AISI304 steel produced by TIG cladding process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 240, pp. 126-137.
- Saroj S, Sahoo CK, Masanta M (2017); Microstructure and mechanical performance of TiC-Inconel825 composite coating deposited on AISI 304 steel by TIG cladding process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 249, pp. 490-501.
- Verma AK, Biswas BC, Roy P, De S, Das S (2017); An investigation on the anti-corrosion characteristic of stainless steel cladding, Indian Welding Journal, 50(3), pp. 52–63.
- Roy S, Samaddar S, Uddin N Md, Hoque A, Mishra S, Das S (2017); Effect of Activating Flux on Penetration in ATIG Welding of 316 Stainless Steel, Indian Welding Journal, 50(4), pp. 72 – 80.
- Olivares EAG, Díaz VMV (2018); Study of the hot-wire TIG process with AISI-316L filler material analysing the effect of magnetic arc blow on the dilution of the weld bead, Welding international, 32(2), pp. 139-148.
- Saha S, Das S (2018); Investigation on the Effect of Activating Flux on Tungsten Inert Gas Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel Using AC Polarity, Indian Welding Journal, 51(2), pp. 84 – 92.
- Saha MK, Hazra R, Mondal A, Das S (2018); On corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel clad layer on a low alloy steel, Indian Science Cruiser, 32(3), pp. 66–72.
- Zhang Z, Mee VVD, Golding M, Donate J, Malioglou A (2019); Pitting corrosion resistance properties of super duplex stainless steel weld metals and influencing factor, Welding in the World, 63(3), pp. 617-625.
- Saha MK, Hazra R, Mondal A, Das S (2019); Effect of heat input on austenitic stainless steel weld bead on low carbon steel, Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, 100(4), pp. 607-615.76
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 54, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 9-9Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
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1 Chief Editor, IN
1 Chief Editor, IN
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 54, No 2 (2021), Pagination: 09-09Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
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1 Chief Editor, IN
1 Chief Editor, IN
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 54, No 3 (2021), Pagination: 9-9Abstract
No Abstract.Keywords
No Keywords.Full Text
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1 Chief Editor, IN
1 Chief Editor, IN
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 54, No 4 (2021), Pagination: 11-11Abstract
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 55, No 1 (2022), Pagination: 11-11Abstract
No Abstract.Full Text
- Editorial
Abstract Views :198 |
PDF Views:80
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1 Chief Editor, IN
1 Chief Editor, IN
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 55, No 2 (2022), Pagination: 09-09Abstract
No Abstract.Keywords
No Keywords.Full Text
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Abstract Views :232 |
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1 Chief Editor, IN
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 55, No 3 (2022), Pagination: 11-11Abstract
No Abstract.Keywords
No Keywords.Full Text
- On Dissimilar Welding of AISI 304 and EN 8 Steels through Metal Active Gas Welding : Part I-Parametric Optimization Using Taguchi’s Orthogonal Array
Abstract Views :182 |
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Authors
Tapas Bera
1,
Santanu Das
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur - 700032, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, IN
1 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur - 700032, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani - 741235, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 55, No 3 (2022), Pagination: 60-70Abstract
Gas metal arc welding is a flexible technique for joining numerous metallic materials, both similar and dissimilar. AISI 304 stainless steel and EN 8 medium carbon steel plates are welded in this experiment. 100% CO2 gas is used as a shielding gas in this method. Experiments are planned using the Taguchi technique, which employs a three-column, nine-row orthogonal array. This design is chosen based on three welding parameters, each of which has three levels. Heat input, root gap, and torch angle are being used as welding parameters for this investigation. Grey relational analysis approach is utilized for optimization purposes. S/N ratio is calculated for each level of process parameters. Because this experiment aims at maximizing the Grey relational grade (GRG), the best configuration for input parameters is the one with the most significant S/N ratio. Analysis of variance is employed to analyze the significance of input parameters. It is found that sample 9 has the highest GRG of 0.861431. So, the sound weld joint can be obtained at the optimum level where the values of input parameters have heat input of 0.747 kJ/mm, root gap of 2 mm and torch angle of 45°. It is quite challenging to weld dissimilar materials. In this work, a sound weld joint is achieved in between AISI 304 stainless steel and EN 8 medium carbon steel flats, and optimum results are effectively determined.Keywords
GMAW, MAG Welding, Dissimilar Welding, GRA, Taguchi Analysis, ANOVA.References
- Khanna OP (2001); A Text Book of Welding Technology, Dhanpat Rai Publications, New Delhi.
- Nadkarni SV (2010); Modern Arc Welding Technology, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
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- Kah P and Martikainen MSJ (2014); Trends in Joining Dissimilar Metals by Welding, Applied Mechanics and Material, 440, pp.269-276.
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- Marya M (2008); A Brief Review of Challenges & Technologies to Weld Dissimilar Metals in Two industries: The Upstream Oil & Gas and the Automotive, Materials Science Forum, 580, pp.155-158.
- Sarkar A and Das S (2016); Selection of appropriate process parameters for gas metal arc welding of a Steel under 100% carbon dioxide gas shield, Indian Welding Journal, 49(4), pp.61-70.
- Devakumaran K, Ananthapadmanaban and Ghosh PK (2015); Variation of Chemical Composition of High Strength Low Alloy Steels with Different Groove Sizes in Multi-pass Conventional and Pulsed Current Gas Metal Arc Weld Depositions, Defense Technology, 11(2), pp.147-156.
- Augustine C, George BP and Sudhish R (2014); Parametric Optimization of GMAW of Dissimilar Steels: Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 and Stainless Steel 316L, International Journal on Theoretical and Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering, 3(3), pp.40-46.
- Ghosh N, Pal PK and Nandi G (2017); GMAW Dissimilar Welding of AISI 409 Ferritic Stainless Steel to AISI 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel by Using AISI 308 Filler Wire. Engineering Science and Technology, An International Journal, 20(4), pp.1334-1341.
- Moreira PMGP, Santos T, Tavares SMO, Richter-Trummer V, Vilaca P and De castro PMST (2009); Mechanical and metallurgical characterization of friction stir welding joints of AA6061-T6 with AA6082-T6, Materials and Design, 30, pp.180-187.
- Arabi SH, Pouranvari M and Movahedi M (2017); Welding Metallurgy of Duplex Stainless Steel during Resistance Spot Welding, Welding Journal, 96(9), pp.307-318.
- Devaraj J, Ziout A and Qudeiri JA (2022); Optimization of Welding Dissimilar sheet metals using Taguchi and Grey based Taguchi Methods, 2022 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET).
- Devaraj J, Ziout A and Abu Qudeiri JA (2021); Grey-Based Taguchi Multiobjective Optimization and Artificial Intelligence-Based Prediction of Dissimilar Gas Metal Arc Welding Process Performance, Metals, 11(11), pp. 1858.
- Thakur AG and Nandedkar V (2014); Optimization of the Resistance Spot Welding Process of Galvanized Steel Sheet Using the Taguchi Method, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering (Springer Sci. Bus. Media B.V.), 39(2), pp.1171–1176.
- Wadekar BB and Kadlag VL (2017); Experimental Investigation of Strength of V and U Groove Butt Welded Joint Carbon Steel Materials Used in Pressure Vessel by Using GTAW and SMAW Welding Techniques, International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 3(6), pp.637-645.
- Widodo EWR, Setyowti VA, Suheni and Hardianto AR (2018); Influence of Groove Angles and filler materials on 304L stainless steel to AISI1040 Carbon Steel dissimilar joint bye gas tungsten arc welding, IC-AMME, 130, pp.1-10.
- Akbari D, Farahani M and Soltani N (2012); Effects of the Weld Groove Shape and Geometry on Residual Stresses in Dissimilar Butt-welded Pipes, The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, 47(12), pp.73-82.
- Sharma V and Shahi AS (2014); Effect of Groove Design on Mechanical and Metallurgical Properties of Quenched and Tempered Low Alloy Abrasion Resistant Steel Welded Joints, Materials and Design, 53, pp.727-736.
- Mendoza BI, Maldonado ZC, Albiter H and Robies PE (2010); Dissimilar Welding of Super duplex Stainless Steel/ HSLA Steel for Offshore Applications Joined by GTAW, Engineering, 2(7), pp.520-28.
- Khan MMA, Romoli L, Fiaschi M, Dini G andSarri F (2012); Laser beam welding of dissimilar stainless steels in a fillet joint configuration, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 212, pp.856-67.
- Uzun H, Donne CD, Argagnotto A, Ghidini T and Gambaro C (2005); Friction stir welding of dissimilar Al 6013-T4 To X5CrNi18-10 stainless steel, Materials and Design, 26, pp.41-46.
- Shubhavardhan RN and Surendran S (2012); Friction Welding to join Stainless Steel and Aluminum Materials, International Journal of Metallurgical and Materials Science & Engineering, 2(3), pp.53-73.
- Kumar P, Roy BK and Nishant (2013); Parameters Optimization for Gas Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (AISI 304) and Low Carbon Steel using Taguchi's Technique, International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 3(4), pp.18-22.
- Basim NA, Raj NR, Sajin SJ, Pradeep V and Nagaraj SV (2017); Experimental Investigation of MIG Welding Parameters and its Mechanical Properties on Dissimilar Steels, International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, 7(4), pp.9989-9991.
- Sapakal SV and Telsang MT (2012); Parametric optimization of MIG welding using Taguchi design method, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies 2012; 1(4), pp.28–30.
- Meshram SR and Pohokar NS (2013); Optimization of process parameters of gas metal arc welding to improve quality of weld bead geometry. International Journal of Engineering Business and Enterprise Application, 5, pp.46-52.
- Saha MK, Das S, Bandyopadhyay A and Bandyopadhyay S (2012); Application of L6 orthogonal array for optimal selection of some process parameters in GMAW process, Indian Welding Journal 2012, 45(4), pp.41-50.
- BeraT and Das S (2021); Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Predicting Output Parameters of Gas Metal Arc Welding of Dissimilar Steels, Indian Science Cruiser, 35(3), pp.26-30.
- Patel CN and Chaudhary S (2013); Parametric Optimization of Weld Strength of Metal Inert Gas Welding and Tungsten Inert Gas Welding by Using Analysis of Variance and Grey Relational Analysis, International Journal of Research in Modern Engineering and Emerging Technology, 1(3), pp.48-56.
- Singhmar M and Verma M (2015); Experimental Study for Welding Aspects of Austenitic Stainless Steel (AISI 304) on Hardness by Taguchi Technique, International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development, 2(1), pp.114-123.
- Bera T and Das S (2021); Estimation of Geometry and Properties of Weld Bead Using Artificial Neural Networks, Reason- A Technical Journal, 20, pp.46-56.
- Sabiruddin K, Bhattacharya S and Das S (2013); Selection of appropriate process parameters for gas metal arc welding of medium carbon steel specimens, International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 5(2), pp.252-267.
- Bera T, Santra S and Das Santanu (2022); Performance Measure of Resistance Spot Welding of Similar and Dissimilar Triple Thin Sheets by Using AHP-ANN Hybrid Network, Indian Science Cruiser, 36(2), pp.35-41.
- On Dissimilar Welding of AISI 304 and EN 8 Steels through Metal Active Gas Welding : Part II-Estimation of Weld Characteristics Using Regression Analysis and Neural Networks
Abstract Views :170 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Tapas Bera
1,
Santanu Das
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 700032, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, IN
1 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 700032, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 55, No 3 (2022), Pagination: 71-78Abstract
Nowadays, researchers have been using several predicting tools in the areas of defense, marketing, finance, and engineering. In the area of welding processes, estimation of response parameters is done. As a predicting tool in this investigation, artificial neural networks (ANN) and regression equations are used. Using the ANN model, predictions can be made through various learning methods possible with this algorithm. The regression equation for each response parameter is obtained from MINITAB software. Weld bead geometry, hardness, and maximum bending load of the welded zone are predicted. Sets of input and output data needed for experimental runs are obtained by joining AISI 304 and EN 8 steels together using the GMAW process. To predict weld bead geometry and mechanical properties of the weld zone of dissimilar steels, two separate prediction tools are used. The outcomes are then compared. Such research is novel in the field of predicting and comparing the output parameters of different weld joints using ANN and regression analysis (RA). It is concluded that ANN as well as regression equations have predicted the weld bead geometry, hardness, and maximum bending load with a little error. It is also found that ANN provides satisfactory predicted results with much less error than the results obtained from the regression equation.Keywords
ANN, Regression Equation, GMAW, ANOVA, MATLAB, MINITAB.References
- Kumar R, Kundu S and Kumar P (2015); Parameters Optimization for Gas Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (AISI 304) and Low Carbon Steel using Taguchi's Technique, International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 5(5), pp.342-347.
- Singh S and Gupta N (2016); Analysis of Hardness in Metal Inert Gas Welding of Two Dissimilar Metals, Mild Steel & Stainless Steel, International Organization of Scientific Research Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 13(3), pp.94-113.
- Chaudhari PD and More NN (2014); Effect of Welding Process Parameters on Tensile Strength, IOSR Journal of Engineering, 4(5), pp.01-05.
- Patel CN and Chaudhary S (2013); Parametric Optimization of Weld Strength of Metal Inert Gas Welding and Tungsten Inert Gas Welding by Using Analysis of Variance and Grey Relational Analysis, International Journal of Research in Modern Engineering and Emerging Technology, 1(3), pp.48-56.
- Sabiruddin K, Bhattacharya S and Das S (2013); Selection of appropriate process parameters for gas metal arc welding of medium carbon steel specimens, International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 5(2), pp.252-267.
- Correia DS, Goncalves CV, da Cunha SS and Ferraresi VA (2005); Comparison between genetic algorithms and response surface methodology in GMAW optimization, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 160, pp.70-76.
- Singh V, Chandrasekaran M and Thiruganana-sambandam M (2019); Artificial Neural Network Modelling of Weld Bead Characteristics during GMAW of Nitrogen Strengthened Austenitic Stainless Steel, AIP Conference Proceedings 2128, 020024 (2019).
- Bera T and Das S (2021); Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Predicting Output Parameters of Gas Metal Arc Welding of Dissimilar Steels, Indian Science Cruiser, 35(3), pp.26-30.
- Bera T and Das S (2021); Estimation of Geometry and Properties of Weld Bead Using Artificial Neural Networks, Reason- A Technical Journal, 20, pp.46-56.
- Chan B, Pacey J and Bibby M (1999); Modelling gas metal arc weld geometry using artificial neural network technology, Journal of Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 38(1), pp.43-51.
- Sarkar A and Das S (2016); Selection of appropriate process parameters for gas metal arc welding of a Steel under 100% carbon dioxide gas shield, Indian Welding Journal, 49(4), pp.61-70.
- Saha MK, Das S, Bandyopadhyay A and Bandyopadhyay S (2012); Application of L6 orthogonal array for optimal selection of some process parameters in GMAW process, Indian Welding Journal, 45(4), pp.41-50.
- Nagesh DS and Datta GL (2008); Modeling of fillet welded joint of GMAW process: integrated approach using DOE, ANN and GA, International Journal on Interactive Design Manufacturing, 2, pp.127-136.
- Shah J, Patel G and Makwana J (2017); Optimization and Prediction of MIG Welding Process Parameters Using ANN, International Journal of Engineering Development and Research, 5, pp.1487-1491.
- Ramos-Jaime D and Lopez-Juarez I (2010); ANN and linear regression model comparison for the prediction of bead geometrical properties in automated welding, 1st International Congress on Instrumentation and Applied Science, pp.1-10.
- Addamani R, Ravindra HV and Gayathri devi SK (2020); Estimation and Comparison of Welding Performances for ASTM A 106 Material in P-GMAW Using GMDH and ANN, Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(14), pp.2606-2613.
- Sreeraj P, Kannan T and Maji S (2013); Simulation and Parameter Optimization of GMAW Process Using Neural Networks and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotic Research, 2(1), pp.131-146.
- Sreeraj P and Kannan T (2015); Modelling and Prediction of Stainless Steel Clad Bead Geometry Deposited by GMAW Using Regression and Artificial Neural Network Models, Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 4, pp.1-12.
- Gunaraj V and Murugan N (1999); Application of response surface methodology for predicting weld bead quality in submerged arc welding of pipes, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 88, pp.266-275.
- Lee J and Um K (2000); A comparison in a back-bead prediction of gas metal arc welding using multiple regression analysis and artificial neural network, Journal of Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 34, pp.149-158.
- Bera T, Santra S and Das S (2022); Performance Measure of Resistance Spot Welding of Similar and Dissimilar Triple Thin Sheets by Using AHP-ANN Hybrid Network, Indian Science Cruiser, 36(2), pp.35-41.
- Editorial
Abstract Views :85 |
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1 Chief Editor, IN
1 Chief Editor, IN
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 56, No 1 (2023), Pagination: 15-15Abstract
.Keywords
No KeywordsFull Text
- Exploring Resistance Spot Welding of Similar Triple Thin Sheets
Abstract Views :84 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
S. Santra
1,
Santanu Das
1
Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, Dist. Nadia, West Bengal, IN
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, Dist. Nadia, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 56, No 1 (2023), Pagination: 54-65Abstract
Resistance spot welding of two sheets of thickness greater than 0.75mm is often required in an industry. Sometimes lower than 0.75mm thickness of sheets are also needed to be joined. In this work, triple galvanized iron, triple 6061 aluminum alloy and triple AISI 430 stainless steel are spot welded separately and are explored in terms of weld strength. Weld current, weld time and electrode pressure are varied throughout the experiments to find out the weld strength for different sets of materials. Every set of experiments has two types of joint design and its weld strength in different interfaces is tested and nugget diameter is measured. High current is found to cause expulsions in case of the joint of aluminium alloy triple sheets although results are found to be good in case of similar triple sheet joint of the materials selected with appropriate process parameters.Keywords
Welding, Resistant Spot Welding, Similar welding, Nugget, Triple jointReferences
- Akkas N, Ilhan E, Varol F and Aslanlar S (2016); Welding time effect on mechanical properties in resistance spot welding of S235JR (Cu) steel sheets used in railway vehicles, Proceedings of the 5th International Science Congress & Exhibition APMAS2015, Lykia, Olundeniz, April 16-19, 129(4).
- Li W, Chang S, Hu JS and Shriver J (2001); Statistical investigation on resistance spot welding quality using a two-stage sliding level experiment, ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 123(3), pp. 513-520.
- Roest CA and Rager DD (1974); Resistance welding parameter profile for spot welding aluminum, Welding Journal, 53(12), pp. 529s-536s.
- Patel CR and Patel DA (2012); Effect of process parameters on the strength of aluminum alloy A5052 sheets joints welded by resistance spot welding with cover plates, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 24, pp. 1081-1087.
- Florea RS, Solanki KN, Bammann DJ, Baird JC, Jordon JB and Castanier MP (2012); Resistance spot welding of 6061-T6 aluminum: failure loads and deformation, Materials and Design, 34, pp. 624-630.
- Zhao YY, Zhang YS and Wang, P (2017); Weld formation characteristics in resistance spot welding of ultra-thin steel, Welding Journal, 96(2), pp.71s-82s.
- Aravinthan A and Nachimani C (2011); Analysis of spot weld growth on mild and stainless steel, Welding Journal, 90(8), pp. 143s-147s.
- Alenius M, Pohjanne P, Somervuori M and Hanninen H (2006); Exploring the mechanical properties of spot welded dissimilar joints for stainless and galvanized steels, Welding Journal, 85(12), pp. 305s-313s.
- Oikawa H, Murayama G, Sakiyama T, Takahashi Y and Ishikawa T (2007); Resistance spot weldability of high strength steel (HSS) sheets for automobiles, Nippon Steel Technical Report, 95, pp. 39-45.
- Safanama DS, Marashi SPH, Pouranvari M (2012); Similar and dissimilar resistance spot welding of martensitic advanced high strength steel and low carbon steel: metallurgical characteristics and failure mode transition, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 17(4), pp. 288-294.
- Mondal C, Bhattacharya S and Das S (2011); Parametric optimization of spot welding of stainless steel using the analytic hierarchy process, Indian Welding Journal, 44(4), pp. 69-77.
- Sun X, Stephens EV, Khaleel MA, Shao H and Kimchi M (2004); Resistance spot welding of aluminum alloy to steel with transition material- from process to performance-part i: experimental study, Welding Journal, 83(6), pp. 188s-195s.
- Cui L, Qiu R, Hou L, Shen Z and Li Q (2015); Resistance spot welding steel and aluminum alloy, Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Design and Manufacturing Engineering (ICADME 2015), pp. 777-781.
- Sreenivasulu R (2014); Joining of dissimilar alloy sheets (AL6063 & AISI304) during resistance spot welding process: a feasibility study for automotive industry, Independent Journal of Management & Production, 5(4).
- Li Y, Shan H, Zhang Y, Bi J and Luo Z (2017); Failure mode of spot welds under cross-tension and coach-peel loads, Welding Journal, 96(11), pp. 413s-420s.
- Li Y, Zhang Y, Luo Z, Shan H, Feng YQ and Ling ZX (2016); Failure mode transition of triple-thin-sheet aluminum alloy resistance spot welds under tensile-shear loads, Welding Journal, 95(12), pp. 479s-490s.
- Nielsen V, Friis KS, Zhang W and Bay N (2011); Threesheet spot welding of advanced high-strength steels, Welding Journal, 90(2), pp. 32s-40s.
- Editorial
Abstract Views :94 |
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 56, No 2 (2023), Pagination: 11-11Abstract
.Keywords
No KeywordsFull Text
- Influence of AC frequency, current and stand-off distance on bead profile in AC TIG welding of aluminium
Abstract Views :82 |
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 56, No 2 (2023), Pagination: 53-62Abstract
Using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, or TIG Welding, good quality weld can be obtained. In this process, a shielding Gas is used to avoid atmospheric contamination of the molten weld pool. In the present worl<, bead profile In aluminium worl<piece is observed as welded by AC TIG welding under 100% argon gas shield. Effects of variation of arc frequency, current and stand-off distance on bead profile are investigated. In the experiment, the bead-on-plate welding of 14 treatments is performed on Al 1000 series aluminium plates without a filler wire utilizing Central Composite Design system of Response Surface Methodology (RSI'I). Gas pressure is maintained at 2 l<g/cm" with gas flow rate of 15 litymin, welding speed of 100 mm/min, electrode diameter of 3 mm and wave balance of -25. From this investigation, it is observed that an increase in welding current increases weld penetration. These are caused by the increase in heat input with the increase in weld current and decrease In torch travel speed. An increase in stand-off distance is also observed to cause a decrease in weld penetration. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is also performed on the observed results. Regression equations are formed relating the response to the factors (independent variables). Linear relationships are found to be quite significant for both
the cases of penetration and weld bead width. Acceptable correlation coefficients (R2) more than 95% are obtained in case of depth of penetration and more than 99% in case of bead width Indicating effectiveness of the results observed.
Keywords
Welding, GTAW; Aluminium, Bead-on-plate, AC frequency.References
- Kinsey, B. and Viswanathan, V. and Cao, J. (2001); Forming of aluminum tailor welded blanks, SAE Technical Paper
- Tusek J., Kampus Z. and Suban M. (2001); Welding of tailored blanks of different materials. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 119, pp.180-184.
- Arunkumar D. and Subbaiah K. (2019); Effect of Continuous and Pulsed Current Tungsten Inert Gas Welding of Cast Al-Mg-Sc Alloy, Springer Nature Singapore PteLtd, pp. 653-662.
- Ding D. and Wang Y. W. (2013); Effaets of post weld heat treatment on properties of variable polarity TIG welded AA2219 aluminium alloy joints. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals society China, 24, pp. 1307-1316.
- Kumar T. S., Balasubramanian V. and Sanavullah M. Y. (2006); Influences of pulsed current tungsten inert gas welding parameters on the tensile properties of AA 6061 aluminium alloy, Materials and Design, 28, pp. 2080-2092.
- Reddy G. M., Gokhale A. A. and Prasad l^o K. (1997); Optimisation of pulse frequency in pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding of aluminum-lithium alloy sheets. Materials Science and Texhnology, 14, pp. 61-66.
- Lothongkum G., Chaumbai P.and Bhandhubanyong P. (1999); TIG pulse welding of 304L austenltic stainless steel In flat, vertical and overhead positions. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 89-90, pp. 410-414.
- Guang-jun Z., Zhi-hong Y. and Lin W. (2006); Visual sensing of weld pool in variable polarity TEG welding of aluminum alloy. Transaction Nonferrous Metals Society China, 16, pp. 522-526.
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- A Comparative Study on Corrosion Resistance of using Copper and Nickel Buttering Layer on Low Carbon Steel while Cladding with Austenitic Stainless Steel
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Authors
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1 Principal-in-Charge, Dasnagar Govt. Polytechnic Dasnagar, Howrah 711105, West Bengal, IN
2 Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Kalyani Govt. Engineering College Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, IN
1 Principal-in-Charge, Dasnagar Govt. Polytechnic Dasnagar, Howrah 711105, West Bengal, IN
2 Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Kalyani Govt. Engineering College Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 56, No 3 (2023), Pagination: 67- 78Abstract
Cladding has established itself to be a popular, versatile, easy and cost-effective way to enhance the corrosion/erosion property as well as mechanical properties of the job surface materials. Among the several methods cladding by welding is one of the most suitable methods preferred by the industries. Cladding by gas metal arc welding is becoming more popular due to its simplicity, user-friendliness and cost-effectiveness for last few decades. Cladding is basically a dissimilar welding process in which weldibility of individual material can be enhanced by another buttering layer on the base material so that it becomes as a sand-witch. Here in the present experiment 316 Steel is been deposited on E350 low carbon fabrication steel in three ways, firstly with no coating and then coated by Copper and Nickel respectively. Cladding is done in all cases applying gas metal arc welding process using full CO2 shielding atmosphere. Heat input was varying by altering welding current and torch travel speed within a particular range (almost the same for all cases) keeping welding voltage constant during the cladding of each type sample. Three types of clad samples were undergone to accelerated corrosion test in chloride atmosphere and the corresponding microstructure has been analyzed. Results indicate improvement in corrosion resistance of clad parts most in case of nickel buttering layer than that of copper buttering layer and so also for non-coated low carbon steel specimens.Keywords
Welding, Cladding, Buttering, GMAW, heat input, corrosion rateReferences
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- Editorial
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Authors
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1 Chief Editor, IN
1 Chief Editor, IN
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 56, No 3 (2023), Pagination: 11Abstract
.Keywords
No KeywordsFull Text
References
- no references
- Estimation of Bead on Plate Geometry of Super Duplex Stainless Steel on Low Carbon Steel using Artificial Neural Networks
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering Department Kalyani Government Engineering College Kalyani - 741235, West Bengal, IN
1 Mechanical Engineering Department Kalyani Government Engineering College Kalyani - 741235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 56, No 3 (2023), Pagination: 43 - 57Abstract
Bead on plate geometry gives a priori knowledge about weld characteristics. In the current work, bead on plate experimental data are taken from one previously published work and different training algorithms are applied to get trained with the experimental data. Experiments were done using four-factor, five-level central composite rotatable design with full replication technique using response surface methodology. The working range of each parameter was decided upon by inspecting the weld bead for smooth appearance and the absence of visible defects. Bead of Super Duplex Stainless Steel was deposited on low carbon steel substrate using flux cored arc welding. An attempt is made in this work to predict the bead geometry parameters using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Effectiveness of three different ANN training functions are compared to choose the best model of these three. TRAINLM (LevenbergMarquardt) algorithm is found to be the most appropriate training function for prediction of bead geometry in this work.Keywords
Welding, FCAW, Bead on Plate welding, Super Duplex Stainless Steel, Neural Networks, ANN, Prediction.References
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- Editorial
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1 Chief Editor, IN
1 Chief Editor, IN
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 56, No 4 (2023), Pagination: 11-11Abstract
No Abstract.Keywords
No Keywords.Full Text
- Exploring the Weldability of Austenitic Stainless Steels in Advanced Ultra-Supercritical Power Plant Applications: An Extensive Review
Abstract Views :45 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Techno Main Saltlake, Kolkata- 700091, West Bengal, IN
2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
3 Power Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata- 700098, IN
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Techno Main Saltlake, Kolkata- 700091, West Bengal, IN
2 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani-741235, West Bengal, IN
3 Power Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata- 700098, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 56, No 4 (2023), Pagination: 54-66Abstract
Despite continuous efforts to enhance the operational efficiency of power plants dependent on these fuels, fossil fuels are expected to remain a significant global energy source in the coming decades. India has initiated a mission program to establish Advanced Ultra Super Critical (AUSC) power plants operating at temperature and pressure exceeding 720°C and 30.4kPa respectively. These plants are anticipated to utilize specialized materials with high resistance to corrosion and deformation at elevated temperatures. Among the materials considered, Nickel-base alloys, Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic (CSEF) Steels and Austenitic Stainless Steels have emerged as the primary candidates. The prime emphasis of this paper is directed towards examining the weldability of Austenitic Stainless Steels utilized in AUSC power plants. It encompasses various aspects such as the choice of filler materials, welding techniques, and the attributes of welds involving both similar and dissimilar metals. The paper provides a comprehensive review of weldability challenges encountered in Austenitic Stainless Steels, including issues like liquation cracking in the heat-affected zone (HAZ), hot cracking, and stress relaxation cracking induced by tramp elements. Additionally, it investigates the performance of different filler wires, namely ER304HCu, ERNiCrCoMo-1, and ERNiCrMo-3, in weld joints involving 304HCu SS tubes, as well as ERNiCrCoMo-1 in dissimilar tube weld joints between 304HCu Stainless Steel and Alloy 617M.Keywords
Weldability, Austenitic Stainless Steel, AUSC, Advanced Ultra-Supercritical Power Plant.References
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- Editorial
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1 Chief Editor, IN
1 Chief Editor, IN
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Indian Welding Journal, Vol 57, No 1 (2024), Pagination: 15-15Abstract
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- Artificial Neural Networks Based Prediction of Penetration in Activated Tungsten Inert Gas Welding
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Authors
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1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, West Bengal, IN
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Kalyani Govt. Engineering College, Kalyani- 741235, West Bengal, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 57, No 1 (2024), Pagination: 71-79Abstract
Using GTAW, or tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, weld penetration is usually lesser than the other arc welding processes. ATIG (Activated-flux TIG) welding can be a good alternative to provide deep penetration, and hence, improved productivity. In this work, 304L SS plate of 8 mm thickness was used as base plate, and a flux with a mixture of SiO2, MnO2 and MoO3 was used as a ternary flux in the ratio of 1:1:2. A 2-factor 3-level response surface methodology of central composite design was considered for designing experimental runs. Back Propagation (BP) type Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model was developed to assess penetration in ATIG welding by using heat input and pulse frequency as the two process parameters. The ANN chosen has 2-10-1 network structure. Results show that the predicted values through ANN are conforming quite well to the experimentally obtained penetration, and hence, the applicability of ANN.Keywords
Welding, Activated Tungsten Inert Gas Welding, ATIG, Artificial Neural Networks, ANN, NN, Prediction, Depth of Penetration.References
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