Indian Welding Journal

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Detection of Hydrogen Assisted Cracking Susceptibility in Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel Welds by Acoustic Emission Technique


Affiliations
1 Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, India
2 Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India
     

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Assessment of hydrogen assisted cracking susceptibility for high chromium steel weldments is extremely important to avoid damage and sudden failure of components used in fossil power plants and nuclear reactors. Acoustic emission is a novel non-destructive technique that can be successfully employed to detect crack initiation and propagation behavior of the welds during Gap – Bead on Plate test, Y-Groove and Implant test of Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel plates. The diffusible hydrogen content of AWS E9018-B9 electrode under different preheating-post heating conditions is determined by gas chromatography technique. It is observed that the percentage of crack, as determined from G-Bop, Y-Groove tests decreases with increase in preheat, post heat temperature from 100° to 150°C and no cracking is optimized at 200°C preheat- no post heating conditions. Lower critical stress calculated based on implant test data is 328 MPa for the steel welded with 200°C preheat. The diffusible hydrogen content (3.71 ml/100 gm of weld metal) is also lowest for similar welding condition. Acoustic emission time domain analysis of cumulative count shows peak shifting of waves, which confirms the crack initiation and propagation behavior.

Keywords

Hydrogen Assisted Cracking, Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel, Acoustic Emission Technique, Gap – Bead on Plate Test, Y-Groove Test, Implant Test.
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  • Dickinsons DW and Ries GD (1979); Implant testing of medium to high strength steel - a model for predicting delayed cracking susceptibility, Welding Research Supplement, pp. 205s-211s.

  • Padhy GK and Komizo Yu-ichi (2013); Diffusible hydrogen in steel weldments - a status review, Transactions of JWRI, pp.39-62.

  • Wadley HNG, Scruby CB and Speake H (2013); Acoustic emission for physical examination of metals, International Metals Reviews, pp41-64.

  • Mazal P, Vlasic F and Koula V (2015); Use of acoustic emission method for identification of fatigue micro-cracks creation, Procedia Engineering, pp.379-388.

  • Albert SK, Ramasubbu V, Sunder Raj SI and Bhaduri AK (2011); Hydrogen assisted cracking susceptibility of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel and its weld metal, Welding in the world, pp.7-8.


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  • Detection of Hydrogen Assisted Cracking Susceptibility in Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel Welds by Acoustic Emission Technique

Abstract Views: 278  |  PDF Views: 5

Authors

Gopa Chakraborty
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, India
O. Venkata Ramana
Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India
T. K. Haneef
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, India
S. K. Albert
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, India
Babu Rao Jinugu
Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India
C. K. Mukhopadhyay
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, India
B. P. C. Rao
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, India

Abstract


Assessment of hydrogen assisted cracking susceptibility for high chromium steel weldments is extremely important to avoid damage and sudden failure of components used in fossil power plants and nuclear reactors. Acoustic emission is a novel non-destructive technique that can be successfully employed to detect crack initiation and propagation behavior of the welds during Gap – Bead on Plate test, Y-Groove and Implant test of Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel plates. The diffusible hydrogen content of AWS E9018-B9 electrode under different preheating-post heating conditions is determined by gas chromatography technique. It is observed that the percentage of crack, as determined from G-Bop, Y-Groove tests decreases with increase in preheat, post heat temperature from 100° to 150°C and no cracking is optimized at 200°C preheat- no post heating conditions. Lower critical stress calculated based on implant test data is 328 MPa for the steel welded with 200°C preheat. The diffusible hydrogen content (3.71 ml/100 gm of weld metal) is also lowest for similar welding condition. Acoustic emission time domain analysis of cumulative count shows peak shifting of waves, which confirms the crack initiation and propagation behavior.

Keywords


Hydrogen Assisted Cracking, Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel, Acoustic Emission Technique, Gap – Bead on Plate Test, Y-Groove Test, Implant Test.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22486/iwj.v52i3.184313