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Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction (CADR): An Overview


Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, India
2 Department of Physiology, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, India
3 Department of Anatomy, Sukh Sagar. Medical College & Hospital, Jabalpur, MP, India
4 Department of Medicine, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, India
5 Department of Ayurveda Rewa, (MP) – 486001, India
     

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Aims and Objectives: Aim of this prospective, hospital based study is to determine the pattern of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADR). Material and methods: The study was conducted in the department of Pharmacology and department of Medicine, at SS Medical College and associated SGM Hospital, Rewa, MP from Oct 2014 to Sept 2015; total 130 cases were enrolled with suspected ADRs. Results: In this study maximum (25%) patients belonged to 18-25 years of age group. Mean (± SD) age of these patients was 34.84 ± 20.99 years. The skin and mucous membrane are most commonly (52.29%) affected organ system with suspected ADRs followed by central nervous system (9.19%) and gastrointestinal system (8.62%). Among the cutaneous ADRs; 51.64% were skin rashes followed by 29.67% pruritus, 5.49% oral ulcers, 3.29% Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), 2.19% bullous eruption, 2.19% lips swelling, 2.19% toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), 1.09% oral candidiasis, 1.09% red man syndrome and 1.09% hair changes. Of these ADRs; 82.41%were associated with use of antimicrobials followed by 14.28% NSAIDs. Amongst AMAs 20.97% ADRs were associated with fluoroquinolones, 18.68% with cephalosporin, 10.98% with penicillin and 5.49% with sulphonamide. Conclusions: In this study, skin and mucous membrane is most commonly (52.29%) affected organ system; skin rashes and pruritus are the most common cutaneous ADRs and majority of cases were associated with use of fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins AMAs.

Keywords

Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADR), Exanthematous Drug Eruptions, Antimicrobial Agents (AMAs), Fluoroquinolones.
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  • Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction (CADR): An Overview

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Authors

P. Singh
Department of Pharmacology, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, India
A. Singh
Department of Physiology, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, India
R. Shrivastava
Department of Anatomy, Sukh Sagar. Medical College & Hospital, Jabalpur, MP, India
M. Indurkar
Department of Medicine, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, India
V. Pandey
Department of Pharmacology, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, India
B. R. Sen
Department of Ayurveda Rewa, (MP) – 486001, India

Abstract


Aims and Objectives: Aim of this prospective, hospital based study is to determine the pattern of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADR). Material and methods: The study was conducted in the department of Pharmacology and department of Medicine, at SS Medical College and associated SGM Hospital, Rewa, MP from Oct 2014 to Sept 2015; total 130 cases were enrolled with suspected ADRs. Results: In this study maximum (25%) patients belonged to 18-25 years of age group. Mean (± SD) age of these patients was 34.84 ± 20.99 years. The skin and mucous membrane are most commonly (52.29%) affected organ system with suspected ADRs followed by central nervous system (9.19%) and gastrointestinal system (8.62%). Among the cutaneous ADRs; 51.64% were skin rashes followed by 29.67% pruritus, 5.49% oral ulcers, 3.29% Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), 2.19% bullous eruption, 2.19% lips swelling, 2.19% toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), 1.09% oral candidiasis, 1.09% red man syndrome and 1.09% hair changes. Of these ADRs; 82.41%were associated with use of antimicrobials followed by 14.28% NSAIDs. Amongst AMAs 20.97% ADRs were associated with fluoroquinolones, 18.68% with cephalosporin, 10.98% with penicillin and 5.49% with sulphonamide. Conclusions: In this study, skin and mucous membrane is most commonly (52.29%) affected organ system; skin rashes and pruritus are the most common cutaneous ADRs and majority of cases were associated with use of fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins AMAs.

Keywords


Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADR), Exanthematous Drug Eruptions, Antimicrobial Agents (AMAs), Fluoroquinolones.

References