Indian Journal of Society and Politics

Chandra Prakash Singh ¹, Rajkumar Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Deptt. Of History .B.N.M.U., West Campus, P.G. Centre, Saharsa, Bihar, IN
2 Dept. of Pol. Sc. B.N.M.U., West Campus, P.G. Centre, Saharsa, Bihar, IN

Abstract

Judicial system in any part of the globe does not operate in a vacuum. It involves the process of deciding what is just in a controversy between two or more contending parties. The administration of justice has a social function and the judicial process is only a part of the larger social process. Though the Indian Judiciary has been honest and independent in the performance of its duties as regard to the executive control and influence in ancient, medieval and modern times, under the changing socio-economic-politico situations in the country people have higher expectations from the judiciary. In the event of poverty and illiteracy, its challenging task is to ensure justice to all. The entire system of governance is based on the principle of equal justice for all. Under the present Constitution the position of judiciary has been made doubly secure so that it can become in reality the most impartial arbiter of the conflicts and controversies which fall within its jurisdiction. The Constitution of India is supreme legal document of the country. There are various levels of judiciary in India-different types of courts, each with varying powers depending on the tier and jurisdiction bestowed upon them. Thus, in the Constitutional scheme, the judicial system works as an active catalyst to secure justice for every citizen. It acts as the engine of social welfare to secure justice in the various spheres of life.

Keywords

Indian Judiciary, Ancient, Medieval, British East India Company, Administration.

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Chandra Prakash Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of History, West Campus, Post Graduate Centre, Saharsa, Bihar, IN

Abstract

Varanasi, also known as Benaras or Kashi is a magnificent city on the bank of Ganga in Utter Pradesh,320 kilometres (200 mi) South-east of the state capital Lucknow. It is the holiest of the seven sacred cities in Hinduism and Jainism and played an important role in the development of Buddhism. Some Hindus believe that death at Varanasi brings salvation. During his journey around world Mark Twain has observed about antiquity of Varanasi and writes that "Benaras is older than history ,older than tradition, older even than legend and looks twice as old as all of them put together". This sacred city is reckoned amongst the most primitive cities founded by the Aryan people. It is regarded, by all the Hindus as coeval with the birth of Hinduism. In present paper we have tried to understand of the history of educational system of this cultural city Kashi.

Keywords

Kashi, Varanasi, Bhu, Varuna, Assi.

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