Journal of Horticultural Sciences

D. P. Prakash ¹, B. S. Deepali ¹, R. Asokan ¹, Y. L. Ramachandra ², Lalitha Anand ¹, Vageeshbabu S. Hanur ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore - 560 089, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga, IN

Abstract

Effects of growth regulators and type of explants on transformation and in vitro morphogenetic responses of brinjal cv. Manjarigota were studied. Both hypocotyl and cotyledonary explants showed marked influence on in vitro morphogenetic responses after Agrobacterium co-cultivation. Hypocotyl explants showed callus initiation and regeneration responses earlier than cotyledonary leaves. Hypocotyl explants were found to be better than cotyledonary leaf explants in regenerating shoots after Agrobacterium co-cultivation. There was delay and reduction in both callus and regeneration responses in Agrobacterium co-cultivated explants. Hypocotyl explants showed the highest regeneration response on MS medium containing 2 μM BAP and 0.05 μM NAA while cotyledonary leaves did not show regeneration response after Agrobacterium co-cultivation. However, they showed green buds on MS medium containing 10 μM BAP and 1 μM NAA, which could not differentiate into shoots. Overall, hypocotyl explants were found better in regenerating shoots after Agrobacterium co-cultivation.

Keywords

Growth Regulators, Explant, Brinjal, Transformation.

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D. P. Prakash ¹, B. S. Deepali ¹, R. Asokan ¹, Y. L. Ramachandra ², Lalitha Anand ¹, Vageeshbabu S. Hanur ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore – 560 089, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga, IN

Abstract

A study was conducted to find out the effect of antibiotics and gelling agents on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using hypocotyl explants of brinjal cv. Manjarigota. Hypocotyl explants of brinjal were found to be sensitive even to the lowest level of kanamycin (25 mg/l) tested. Explants that showed increased callus initiation and regeneration response upon cocultivation with Agrobacterium and on kanamycin at 100 mg/l were selected as this indicated a highly effective selection pressure. Cefotaxime did not affect regeneration response and at 500 mg/l, it effectively inhibited Agrobacterium overgrowth completely on Agrobacterium cocultivated hypocotyl explants. There were marked differences in regeneration response in hypocotyl explants cultured on medium solidified with various gelling agents indicating the influence of gelling agent on the activity of kanamycin in culture medium, which indirectly affects selection and recovery of transformants. Antibiotics and gelling agents could therefore affect, directly or indirectly, transformation of brinjal cv. Manjarigota.

Keywords

Solanum melongena, Kanamycin, Cefotaxime, Gelling Agents, Transformation.

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Vageeshbabu S. Hanur ¹, D. P. Prakash ¹, B. S. Deepali ¹, R. Asokan ¹, Y. L. Ramachandra ², Riaz Mahmood ², Lalitha Anand ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore 560 089, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga, IN

Abstract

Poor regeneration is one of the limiting factors in the development of transgenic crops since Agrobacterium as a plant pathogen can disturb the fragile in vitro conditions with wounding and infection regimes. We have tried to optimize the transformation system in two important varieties of brinjal after Agrobacterium infection to the explants. The effect of explant was studied and hypocotyls were found to be better than cotyledonary leaves. High BAP during the preconditioning period was found to further enhance the regeneration rate. Therefore, use of hypocotyls and high BAP during preconditioning can improve the regeneration of transformed cells and recovery of transformants in vegetables especially brinjal.

Keywords

Solanum melongena, Transformation, Hypocotyl, BAP, Preconditioning.

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R. Asokan ¹, Puttaswamy ²

Affiliations
1 Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake (PO), Bangalore – 560 089, IN
2 Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, G. K. V. K., Bangalore – 560 065, IN

Abstract

Toxicity of two isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis viz. KPx-1 and IPd-1 isolated from diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), and citrus butterfly, Papilio demoleus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), were tested against cabbage leaf webber, Crocidolomia binotalis, hairy caterpillar, Diacrisia obliqua and tomato fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera. Among these, C. binotalis was highly susceptible (28.4 and 26.0 ng/cm², for KPx-1 and IPd-1, respectively), while, H. armigera was the least susceptible (9.5 and 10.0 μg/ml, for KPx-1 and IPd-1, respectively).

Keywords

Bacillus thuringiensis, Isolates, Toxicity.

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