Root Activity Distribution and Inter-plant Root Competition in 'Robusta' Banana ( Musa Sp., 'AAA') under High-Density Planting Determined by Tracer Technique

By applying soil injection technique using carrier-free ³²P as a tracer in 'Robusta' banana (Musa sp. 'AAA') planted at 1.5m x 1.5m spacing, during the 8th leaf stage of growth, 52.04 and 62.96% of active ischolar_mains were present at 25cm across and 15cm depth, respectively. At the 16th leaf stage, only 40.5% of active ischolar_mains were traced at 25cm across, and ischolar_main activity increased at wider distances and deeper layers. At flower-initiation stage, a significant gain in ischolar_main activity was seen at 45cm depth. Distance-wise distribution, however, did not change appreciably. At the shooting stage, 46.89% and 43.98% of the active ischolar_mains were present closest to the pseudostem (25cm distance) and soil surface (15cm), respectively. However, the greatest depth (45cm) gained active ischolar_mains (38.51%) at shooting-stage, creating an hour-glass pattern of ischolar_main distribution, mainly owing to migration of ischolar_mains from the surface (15cm deep) soil. However, a strong presence of active ischolar_mains persisted close to the base of the plant, and in the surface-soil. A small proportion (>1%) of phosphorus applied to the main plant was absorbed by the orthogonal neighbour located at 1.5m distance, indicating practically insignificant competition with its closest neighbour. None of the diagonal neighbours located farthest (at 2.1m distance from the main plant) showed any activity of the tracer indicating that the ischolar_main competition with the main plant was absent. Results indicate that a spacing of 1.5m × 1.5m in high-density planting of 'Robusta' banana raised in sandy-loam is optimum, with practically no untoward competition from the ischolar_main for nutrients applied to each plant.