Dental Journal of Advance Studies

Mandeep Kaur Bhullar ¹, Amandeep Singh Uppal ², Ashutosh Nirola ³, Mandeep Kaur Bhullar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Luxmi Bai Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, IN
2 Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, HSJ Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IN
3 Dept. of Periodontics, Luxmi Bai Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, IN

Abstract

In the last years, a significant development has taken place in the orthodontic treatment of adult Patients. Adult orthodontics is different than that for children because in adults there is virtual no more growth and because there are changes in the tooth supporting structures: the periodontium. The orthodontic treatment is carried out through the medium of periodontium so a healthy tooth supporting system is the essential prerequisite for carrying out the orthodontic treatment. At the same time, as the tooth is moving under the effect of orthodontic force, various changes occur in the periodontium under the effect of force. So, it is important that the orthodontic treatment is periodontally compromised patient be considered separately as they are more prone to further bone loss; the reduced periodontium cannot sustain further loss without the potential loss of teeth. The reduced periodontal support dictates altered treatment design, mechanics and retention. At the same time it is important to consider the limits of periodontium while carrying out orthodontic treatment so that there is no damage due to inadvertent intervention.

Keywords

Center of Resistance, Loss of Alveolar Bone Height, Optimal Force, PDL Attachment Area, Tipping Moment.

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Amandeep Singh Uppal ¹, Jagat Bhushan ¹, Mandeep Kaur Bhullar ², Gulsheen Kaur Kochhar ³

Affiliations
1 Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, IN
2 Dept of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Luxmi Bai Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, IN
3 Department of Pedodontics an Preventive Denistry, Swami Devi Dayal Hospital and Dental College, Barwala, Panchkula, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Apexification is a method to induce a calcific barrier across an open apex of an immature, pulpless tooth. Apical closure occurs approximately three years after eruption. Traumatic injuries to young permanent teeth before ischolar_main formation is complete commonly occur in children resulting in open apex. This can be treated by Surgical or Non - Surgical treatment modalities. Non surgical treatment modalities include various methods such as Customized cone, Short fill technique, Apexification with various materials and One visit apexification. Various materials that can be used for apexification include Calcium hydroxide, MTA, Tricalcium phosphate, Dentin chips, Calcium phosphate ceramics and hydroxyapatite and bone morphogenetic proteins. Calcium hydroxide is the most common and traditional material employed for inducing apexification. This is a multivisit technique requiring six months to four years to complete.

Keywords

Apexification, Calcium Hydroxide, Open Apex.

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