Current Science

Haimanti Biswas ¹, Jin Jie ², Ying Li ³, Guosen Zhang ³, Zhuo-Yi Zhu ³, Ying Wu ³, Guo-Ling Zhang ², Yan-Wei Li ², Su Mei Liu ², Jing Zhang ³

Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre, 176 Lawson’s Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN
2 Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, CN
3 State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Road North Shanghai 200062, CN

Abstract

Since marine phytoplankton play a vital role in stabilizing earth's climate by removing significant amount of atmospheric CO₂, their responses to increasing CO₂ levels are indeed vital to address. The responses of a natural phytoplankton community from the Qingdao coast (NW Yellow Sea, China) was studied under different CO₂ levels in microcosms. HPLC pigment analysis revealed the presence of diatoms as a dominant microalgal group; however, members of chlorophytes, prasinophytes, cryptophytes and cyanophytes were also present. δ¹³C_POM values indicated that the phytoplankton community probably utilized bicarbonate ions as dissolved inorganic carbon source through a carbon concentration mechanism (CCM) under low CO₂ levels, and diffusive CO₂ uptake increased upon the increase of external CO₂ levels. Although, considerable increase in phytoplankton biomass was noticed in all CO₂ treatments, CO₂-induced effects were absent. Higher net nitrogen uptake under low CO₂ levels could be related to the synthesis of CCM components. Flow cytometry analysis showed slight reduction in the abundance of Synechococcus and pico-eukaryotes under the high CO₂ treatments. Diatoms did not show any negative impact in response to increasing CO₂ levels; however, chlorophytes revealed a reverse tend. Heterotrophic bacterial count enhanced with increasing CO₂ levels and indicated higher abundance of labile organic carbon. Thus, the present study indicates that any change in dissolved CO2 concentrations in this area may affect phytoplankton physiology and community structure and needs further long-term study.

Keywords

Diatoms, Increasing CO₂ Levels, Light Stress Phytoplankton Community, Phytoplankton Pigment, Qingdao Coast.

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Zhenyu Wang ¹, Wei Li ¹, Guanghui Xiao ², Xiaojian Zhou ¹, Xiaoyu Pei ¹, Yangai Liu ¹, Kehai Zhou ¹, Kunlun He ¹, Junfang Liu ¹, Ying Li ¹, Wensheng Zhang ¹, Zhongying Ren ¹, Qingqin Meng ¹, Haifeng Wang ¹, Xiongfeng Ma ¹, Daigang Yang ¹

Affiliations
1 State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, CN
2 College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, CN

Abstract

CCRI63, with the largest cultivated area among hybrids in China, is a successful promotion of elite up-land cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hybrid cultivar. We have constructed a detailed genomic variation map of CCRI63 by aligning whole-genome shotgun sequencing reads from CCRI63 to the TM-1 reference genome. Genomic single nucleotide poly-morphism (SNP) and insertion-deletion (Indel) muta-tional hotspots were identified, most of which were located on chromosome D02, and associated with dis-ease resistance and lipid glycosylation and modification. The density of heterozygous SNP sites showed 73 quantitative trait loci overlapped with peak intervals of high-density heterozygous SNPs, suggesting that the heterozygous sites in the peak are important for improvement of CCRI63 yield and fibre quality. To avoid loss of genetic components, unmapped reads were used for de novo assembly of the missing regions in the reference genome, and 153 novel functional genes were obtained. The large-scale genetic variation and novel functional genes identified in the CCRI63 genome can facilitate future gene-phenotype studies and provide an additional resource for the improvement of cotton.

Keywords

Cotton Hybrid, Genomic Variation Map, Mutational Hotspots, Novel Genes.

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