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Sharma, Parmanand
- Characterization of Subglacial Pathways Draining Two Tributary Meltwater Streams through the Lower Ablation Zone of Gangotri Glacier System, Garhwal Himalaya, India
Abstract Views :267 |
PDF Views:98
Authors
Jose George Pottakkal
1,
Alagappan Ramanathan
1,
Virendra Bahadur Singh
1,
Parmanand Sharma
1,
Mohd. Farooq Azam
1,
Anurag Linda
1
Affiliations
1 School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, IN
1 School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 107, No 4 (2014), Pagination: 613-621Abstract
An attempt has been made to characterize the subglacial pathways that transport the meltwaters from Chaturangi and Raktavarn glaciers through the lower ablation zone of the Gangotri glacier, Indian Himalaya, by means of dye tracer experiments. These inactive tributaries of the Gangotri glacier contribute significantly to the proglacial discharge, which is dominantly controlled by air temperature (0-20°C at the measurement site) rather than rainfall (117 mm from June to September 2008). The breakthrough flow velocities, ranging from 0.6 to 1.7 ms-1 and dispersivity values varying between 2.1 and 17.5 m, decreased with bulk discharges in the proglacial stream (R2 = 0.66), indicating flow through highly efficient subglacial channels that develop during the melt season with increased meltwater influx. However, the dye return curves giving high velocities in a narrow range from 1.3 to 1.7 ms-1 as seasonal discharges were peaking, are interpreted as indicative of flow through pressurized channel/s. In general, the subglacial channels routing meltwater from these input points are arguably controlled by recharge hydrographs rather than channel geometry during the ablation season. Closely spaced dye tests need to be carried out to better understand the factors that control the diurnal and seasonal development of these hydrological pathways, which are important for downstream water management.Keywords
Ablation Zone, Dye Tracer Experiments, Glacier System, Meltwater, Subglacial Drainage.Full Text
- Mass Balance Estimation Using Geodetic Method for Glaciers in Baspa Basin, Western Himalaya
Abstract Views :230 |
PDF Views:81
Authors
Affiliations
1 Cryosphere Science Division, ESSO-National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Goa 403 804, IN
2 Divecha Centre for Climate Change, CAOS, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Dr Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University-RC, Bengaluru 560 056, IN
1 Cryosphere Science Division, ESSO-National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Goa 403 804, IN
2 Divecha Centre for Climate Change, CAOS, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Dr Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University-RC, Bengaluru 560 056, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 03 (2017), Pagination: 486-492Abstract
Himalayan glaciers, which contribute to water security for almost 1.3 billion people in Asia, are now under threat due to climate change. Assessment of glacier mass balance changes is crucial to determine the implications of climate change, but in situ measurements are limited due to rugged terrain and harsh climate of the Himalaya. Remote sensing-based geodetic method is therefore important for studying the evolution of Himalayan glaciers at a large scale. In this study, the mass balance of glaciers located in Baspa basin (Western Himalaya) is estimated for a period of 11 years between 2000 and 2011, using geodetic method. Out of 89 glaciers in the basin, 42 glaciers (greater than 1 km2) covering an area of ~72% (215 km2) of the total glaciated area were selected for the study. A mean thinning of ~50 ± 11 m and mean accumulation of ~35 ± 11 m was observed during the study period, with the cumulative mass balance varying between -36.9 ± 1.98 and 6.47 ± 1.98 m.w.e. A mean annual mass loss of -1.09 ± 0.32 m.w.e.a-1 was observed for the entire basin, suggesting that the glaciers in Baspa basin are losing mass at higher rate compared to the glaciers in central and eastern Himalayas. This study demonstrates the utility of geodetic method to estimate mass balance of glaciers at basin scale, which will be useful to assess future changes in glacial extent and stream run-off.Keywords
Baspa Basin, Geodetic Method, Mass Balance, Western Himalaya.Full Text
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- Mass Balance of Glaciers in Bhaga Basin, Western Himalaya: A Geospatial and Temperature-Weighted AAR based Model Approach
Abstract Views :280 |
PDF Views:88
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Incubation, Innovation, Research and Consultancy, Jyothy Institute of Technology, Tataguni, Bengaluru 560 082, IN
2 School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai 600 127, IN
3 ESSO-National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India), Goa 403 804, IN
4 Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
1 Centre for Incubation, Innovation, Research and Consultancy, Jyothy Institute of Technology, Tataguni, Bengaluru 560 082, IN
2 School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai 600 127, IN
3 ESSO-National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India), Goa 403 804, IN
4 Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 119, No 12 (2020), Pagination: 1961-1973Abstract
Several recent studies carried out in the Himalayan region suggest enhanced receding rate of glaciers during the last two decades. Glacier health can be assessed by monitoring various glacier dynamics that includes mass balance, accumulation area ratio (AAR), equilibrium line altitude (ELA), etc. Here AAR, ELA and regressed mass balance for nine glaciers of the Bhaga basin, Western Himalaya during 2008–18 are presented using high resolution Sentinel 2 (10 m) and Landsat 7/8 (30 m) data with improved AAR and degree day/temperature index (DD/TI) model. Transient snow line (TSL) and AAR derived from the model were used in different regression equations to estimate the mass balance in both glacier and basin scale. In situ precipitation and temperature data obtained from the automatic weather station located at Keylong, Himachal Pradesh were used in this model based approach. Overall, the data reveal that most of the glaciers have experienced critical thinning and lost huge ice mass in the range –6.07 m.w.e. to –9.06 m.w.e.Keywords
Accumulation Area Ratio, Glaciers, Mass Balance, Snow Line, Temperature Index.Full Text