Current Science

Shubhadeep Ghosh ¹, M. V. Hanumantha Rao ¹, M. Satish Kumar ¹, V. Uma Mahesh ¹, M. Muktha ¹, P. U. Zacharia ²

Affiliations
1 Visakhapatnam Regional Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Visakhapatnam 530 003, IN
2 Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin 682 018, IN

Abstract

The contribution of marine fisheries in Visakhapatnam at all stages of its life cycle to climate change during 2010-2012 was studied by determining its carbon footprint. Pre-harvest phase consisted of vessel construction and maintenance and provision of fishing gear; harvest phase included harvest from mechanized and motorized craft and post-harvest phase involved fish transportation and fish processing. The functional unit selected was 1 kg of marine fish to the consumer. Fuel and electricity consumption was 0.48 l/kg and 0.255 kWh/kg of fish. The C and CO₂ emitted were 0.382 kg C/kg and 1.404 kg CO₂/kg of fish. The highest consumption of energy and the highest emissions of CO2 were observed from the harvest phase. The fuel and electricity consumption and C and CO₂ emissions were high for mechanized landings and low for motorized landings. Reduction in energy consumption and subsequent emissions is possible in mechanized craft by increasing the fuel efficiency of marine diesel engines, controlling craft speed, using large propeller with lower revolutions and reducing the craft drag.

Keywords

Carbon Footprint, Co₂ Emission, Energy Consumption, Lifecycle Analysis, Marine Fisheries.

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K. V. Akhilesh ¹, Shoba Joe Kizhakudan ¹, M. Muktha ¹, T. M. Najmudeen ¹, Sujitha Thomas ¹, Divya Karnad ², Dipani Sutaria ³, Merwyn Fernandes ⁴, Trisha Gupta ⁵, Naveen Namboothri ⁵, Vardhan Patankar ⁶, Swatipriyanka Sen ¹, Sijo P. Varghese ⁷, A. Biju Kumar ⁸, Alissa Barnes ⁵, K. K. Bineesh ⁹, Sajan John ¹⁰, Mayuresh Gangal ¹¹, M. Hashim ¹², Vinod Malayilethu ¹³, Zoya Tyabji ⁶, Malaika Vaz ¹⁴, Sandhya Sukumaran ¹, G. B. Purushottama ¹, Livi Wilson ¹, V. Mahesh ¹, Rekha J. Nair ¹, L. Remya ¹, Shikha Rahangdale ¹, P. P. Manojkumar ¹, K. Sivakumar ¹⁵, E. Vivekanandan ¹, P. U. Zacharia ¹, A. Gopalakrishnan ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi 682 018, IN
2 Department of Environmental Studies, Ashoka University, Sonipat 131 029, IN
3 9 Aranya Farms, Shilaj, Ahmedabad 382 115, IN
4 TRAFFIC India Office, New Delhi 110 003, IN
5 Dakshin Foundation, #1818, 9th Cross, 5th Main Road, Sahakar Nagar, Bengaluru 560 092, IN
6 Wildlife Conservation Society-India, Rajiv Gandhi Nagar, 2nd Phase, Bengaluru 560 097, IN
7 Fishery Survey of India, Cochin Base, Kochi 682 005, IN
8 Department of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695 581, IN
9 Zoological Survey of India, Chennai 600 028, IN
10 Wildlife Trust of India, Delhi 201 301, IN
11 Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysuru 570 017, IN
12 Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology, Kochi 682 508, IN
13 WWF-India, ‘Prasanthi’, Kadavanthra, Kochi 682 020, IN
14 Untamed Planet Films, Bengaluru 560 001, IN
15 Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun 248 001, IN

Abstract

Historically, India has been projected as one of the major elasmobranch fishing nations in the world. However, management and conservation efforts are not commensurate with this trend. Along with the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, several generic conservation measures are in place at the regional/local level. But India is still a long way from meeting global conservation commitments. We present here the status of elasmobranch management and conservation in India, with the specific objective of identifying the gaps in the existing set-up. We also present recommendations based on a national consultative workshop held at the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, in February 2020. We recommend the implementation of a National Plan of Action (NPOA-Sharks) and more inclusive governance and policymaking for elasmobranch conservation in India.

Keywords

Consultative Meeting, Elasmobranch, Fisheries, Management and Conservation, Regulations.

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