Author Details

Scroll

Refine your search

Collections

Basic & Applied Science Collection

Co-Authors

Journals

Current Science

Year

Authors

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All

Garg, Arti

The Translocated Kurdi Angod Sacred Site - a Conservatory of RET Plants of the Western Ghats

Are Pollen Herbaria Redundant? their Utility in Botanical Studies

P. K. K. Nair-The Father of Indian Palynology

World's Tenth Largest Banyan Tree at Narora in Upper Ganga Ramsar Site, Uttar Pradesh, India

The Exclusion Zone of Narora Atomic Power Station - A Control Hothouse

P. K. K. Nair (1930–2017)

Radiocarbon Dating and Status of the Oldest Extant Ceylon Iron Wood (Manilkara hexandra) in the Riverine Ramsar Site of India

Abstract Views :212 | PDF Views:79

Authors

Arti Garg ¹, Roxana T. Patrut ², Adrian Patrut ³, Stephan Woodborne ⁴, Laszlo Rakosy ²

Affiliations
1 Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Allahabad 211 002, IN
2 Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Biology and Geology, RO-400015, Cluj-Napoca, RO
3 Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, RO-400028, Cluj-Napoca, RO
4 iThemba LABS, Private Bag 11, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, ZA

Source

Current Science, Vol 120, No 3 (2021), Pagination: 562-566

Abstract

During recent field surveys, a new Ceylon iron wood (Manilkara hexandra) population was discovered in the Upper Ganga Ramsar Site, Uttar Pradesh (UP), India. The largest specimen located at Van Khandeshwar partially collapsed in 2012, which led to a canopy impairment. The rupture enabled direct extraction of samples close to the pith of the main stem. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 361 ± 23 BP, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 525 ± 25 cal yr. The results indicate the Ceylon iron wood of Narora, UP is the oldest dated extant M. hexandra with a calculated age of 550 ± 50 yr. Several protection measures are presented and urgent action is required to prevent the total collapse of this ancient tree.

Keywords

Manilkara hexandra, Radiocarbon Dating, Riverine Site, Tree Conservation.

Full Text

References

Dubard, P. M. M., Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard. Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, 1915, 3, 9.

Roxburgh, M. D. W., Plants of the Coast of Coromandel, Vol. 1, W. Bulmer and Co., Shakespeare Printing Office, London, 1795, p. 15; https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9711#page/1/mode/ 1up

Shah, M. B., Goswami, S. S. and Santani, D. D., Effect of Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard against experimentally-induced gastric ulcers. Phytother. Res., 2004, 18, 814–818.

Malik, S. K., Choudhary, R., Kumar, S., Dhariwal, O. P., Deswal, R. P. S. and Chaudhury, R., Socio-economic and horticultural potential of khirni [Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard]: a promising underutilized fruit species of India. Genet. Resour. Crop. Evol., 2012, 59, 1255–1265.

Mishra, N. and Pareek, A., Traditional uses, phytochemisty and pharmacology of Mimusops hexandra Roxb. Adv. Pharm. Ethnomed., 2014, 2, 32–35.

Pingili, D., Awasthi, A. and Amminbavi, D., Assessment of in vitro antiarthritic activity of Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard leaf extract. Ann. Phytomed., 2016, 5, 152–155.

Anjali, Garg, V., Dhiman, A., Dutt, R. and Ranga, S., The genus Manilkara: an update. Pharma Innov., 2018, 7, 316–318.

Keerthika, A., Shukla, A. K. and Khandelwal, V., Popularization of Manilkara hexandra (khirni) – an endangered underutilized fruit tree for conservation and utilization. Curr. Sci., 2015, 109, 1010–1011.

IUCN, The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-3, 2019; http://www.iucnredlist.org (accessed on 10 December 2019).

Gunarathne, U. K. and Perera, A., Is Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard, a threatened species in Sri Lanka? In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Sessions of the Institute of Biology, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2009.

Shetty, B. V. and Singh, V., Flora of Rajasthan, Series 2, Botanical Survey of India, Dehradun, 1991, p. 460.

Mudgal, V., Khanna, K. K. and Hajra, P. K., Flora of Madhya Pradesh, Series 2, Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, 1997, p. 14.

Krishen, P., Trees of Delhi: A Field Guide, Dorling Kindersley Pvt Ltd, India, 2006, p. 139.

Nayar, T. S., Beegam, A. P. and Sibi, M., The Western Ghats, Vol. 1, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, 2014, p. 835.

Pareek, O. P., Sharma, S. and Arora, R. K., Underutilized edible fruits and nuts: an inventory of genetic resources in their regions of diversity. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, New Delhi, 1998, p. 73.

Suresh, H. S., Do trees tell us about the past? Resonance, 2012, 17, 33–43.

Upadhyay, K. K., Shah, S. K., Roy, A., Mehrotra, N. and Tripathi, S. K., Dendrochronological potential of Tectona grandis, Pinus kesiya and Quercus serrata from Mizoram, northeast India. Indian J. Ecol., 2019, 46, 722–728.

Shah, S. K. and Mehrotra, N., Tree-ring studies of Toona ciliata from subtropical wet hill forests of Kalimpong, eastern Himalaya. Dendrochronologia, 2017, 46, 46–55.

Pandey, U., Shah, S. K. and Mehrotra, N., Tree-ring studies from Kashmir Valley: present status and future perspective. Geophytology, 2016, 46, 207–220.

Patrut, A. et al., The growth stop phenomenon of baobabs (Adansonia spp.) indentified by radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon, 2017, 59, 435–448.

Bormann, F. H. and Berlyn, G., Age and growth rate of tropical tees: new directions for research. School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Bulletin, Yale University, USA, 1981.

Pumijumnong, N., Dendrochronology in Southeast Asia. Trees, 2013, 27, 343–358.

Tarelkin, Y., Delvaux, C., De Ridder, M., El Berkani, T., De Cannière, C. and Beeckman, H., Growth-ring distinctness and boundary anatomy in tropical trees. IAWA J., 2016, 37, 275–294; doi:10.1163/22941932-20160134.

Baguinon, N. T., Borgaonkar, H., Gunatilleke, N., Duangsathaporn, K., Buckley, B. M., Wright, W. E. and Maid, M., Collaborative Studies in Tropical Asian Dendrochronology: Addressing Challenges in Climatology and Forest Ecology. Final report for APN project: ARCP2008-03CMY-Baguinon, Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research, 2009.

Worbes, M., One hundred years of tree-ring research in the tropics – a brief history and an outlook to future challenges. Dendrochronologia, 2002, 20, 217–231.

Fichtler, E., Clark, D. A. and Worbes, M., Age and long-term growth of trees in an old-growth tropical rain forest, based on analyses of tree rings and 14C. Biotropica, 2003, 35, 306–317.

Patrut, A., von Reden, K. F., Danthu, P., Leong Pock-Tsy, J.-M., Patrut, R. T. and Lowy, D. A., Searching for the oldest baobab of Madagascar: radiocarbon investigation of large Adansonia rubrostipa trees. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10, e0121170.

Patrut, A., Woodborne, S., Patrut, R. T., Rakosy, L., Lowy, D. A., Hall, G. and von Reden, K. F., The demise of the largest and oldest African baobabs. Nature Plants, 2018, 4, 423–436.

Patrut, A., Garg, A., Woodborne, S., Patrut, R. T., Rakosy, L., Ratiu, I. A. and Lowy, D. A., Radiocarbon dating of two old African baobabs from India. PLoS ONE, 2020, 15, e0227352.

Poussart, P. M., Myneni, S. C. B. and Lanzirotti, A., Tropical dendrochemistry: a novel approach to estimate age and growth from ringless trees. Geoophys. Res. Lett., 2006, 33, L17711.

Patrut, A., Patrut, R. T., Rakosy, L., Bodis, J., Lowy, D., Forizs, E. and von Reden, K. F., African baobabs with double closed ringshaped structures and two separate false cavities: radiocarbon investigation of the baobab of Golconda Fort. Stud. Univ. BabesBolyai Chemia, 2016, LXI, 21–30.

Lindenmayer, D. B., Laurence, W. F. and Franklin, J. F., Global decline in large old trees. Science, 2012, 338, 1305–1306.

Stagoll, K., Lindenmayer, D. B., Knight, E., Fischer, J. and Manning, A. D., Large trees are keystone structures in urban parks. Conserv. Lett., 2012, 5, 115–122.

Patrut, A. et al., Fire history of a giant African baobab evinced by radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon, 2010, 52, 717–726.

Loader, N. J., Robertson, I., Barker, A. C., Switsur, V. R. and Waterhouse, J. S., An improved technique for the batch processing of small wholewood samples to α -cellulose. Chem. Geol., 1997, 136, 313–317.

Sofer, Z., Preparation of carbon dioxide for stable carbon isotope analysis of petroleum fractions. Anal. Chem., 1980, 52, 1389– 1391.

Vogel, J. S., Southon, J. R., Nelson, D. E. and Brown, T. A., Performance of catalytically condensed carbon for use in accelerator mass-spectrometry. Nucl. Instrm. Methods B., 1984, 5, 289–293.

Mbele, V. L., Mullins, S. M., Winkler, S. R. and Woodborne, S., Acceptance tests for AMS radiocarbon measurements at iThemba LABS, Gauteng, South Africa. Phys. Procedia, 2017, 90, 10–16.

Bronk Ramsey, C., Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon, 2009, 51, 337–360.

Reimer, P. J. et al., J., IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0–50,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon, 2013, 55, 1869–1887.

Hua, Q., Barbetti, M. and Rakowski, A. J., Atmospheric radiocarbon for the period 1950–2010. Radiocarbon, 2013, 55, 2059– 2072.

Attar, S. K., Thakur, N. S., Patel, H. F., Singh, N. D., Makawana, A. I., Leua, H. N. and Parmar, S. G., Underutilized fruit Manilkara hexandra (khirni). Rashtriya Krishi, 2016, 11, 17–18.

Radiocarbon Analysis of the Indian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis L.) At Narora

Abstract Views :85 | PDF Views:60

Authors

Roxana T. Patrut ¹, Arti Garg ², Adrian Patrut ³, Stephan Woodborne ⁴, Laszlo Rakosy ¹, Ileana-Andreea Ratiu ³

Affiliations
1 Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 11 Arany Janos, RO-400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania., RO
2 Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, 10 Chatham Lines, Prayagraj 211 002, India., IN
3 Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 11 Arany Janos, RO-400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Babeş-Bolyai University, Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry, 30 Fantanele, RO-400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania., RO
4 iThemba LABS, Private Bag 11, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa., ZA

Source

Current Science, Vol 124, No 10 (2023), Pagination: 1175-1180

Abstract

This article describes the radiocarbon analysis of the large Indian banyan (Ficus benghalensis) at Narora, Uttar Pradesh (UP). It was discovered during floristic surveys in the Upper Ganga Ramsar site in UP and ranks as the tenth largest banyan tree in the world with its 4069 sq. m crown spread. The tree has a unique architecture, with just four prop roots supporting the main stem. The oldest sample was found to be 346 ± 40 years bp, which corresponds to a calibrated age of 430 ± 35 cal years. The radiocarbon dating results indicate an age of 450 ± 50 years for the Indian banyan at Narora. This age represents the oldest accurate dating result for the species. Several protection measures are included to ensure the long-term survival of this archaic tree.

Keywords

Age Determination, Ams Radiocarbon Dating, Ficus benghalensis, Tree Conservation, Upper Ganga Ramsar Site.

Full Text

References

Sinha, K. K., Figs. In Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition (eds Caballero, B., Trugo, L. and Finglas, P. M.), Academic Press, London, UK, 2003, pp. 2394–2399.

Rahman, A. H. M. M. and Khanom, A., Taxonomic and ethno-medicinal study of species from Moraceae (Mulberry) family in Bangladesh flora. Res. Plant Sci., 2013, 1, 53–57.

Murugesu, S., Selamat, J. and Perumal, V., Phytochemistry, phar-macological properties and recent applications of Ficus bengha-lensis and Ficus religiosa. Plants, 2021, 10, 2749.

Plants of the World online catalogue; https://powo.science.kew.org/ (accessed on 3 May 2022).

Gopukumar, S. T. and Praseetha, P. K., Ficus benghalensis Linn. – the sacred Indian Medicinal Tree with potent pharmacological rem-edies. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 2015, 32(37), 223–227.

Tripathi, R., Kumar, A., Kumar, S., Prakash, S. and Singh, A. K., Ficus benghalensis Linn.: a tribal medicine with vast commercial potential. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 2019, 1(3), 95–102.

Tripathi, I. P. and Sharma, R., Bio-chemical activities of Ficus benghalensis – a review. Int. J. Curr. Res., 2016, 8(7), 34765–34768.

Bar-Ness, Y. D., The World’s largest trees? Cataloguing India’s gi-ant banyans, landmark trees of India. Outreach Ecology project; https://outreachecology.com/landmark/resources/the-largest-trees-in-the-world/#:~:text=The%20World's%20Largest%20Trees%3F,squ-are%20meters%E2%80%93%20almost%20two%20hectares (acces-sed on 20 May 2022).

Krishen, P., Trees of Delhi: A Field Guide, Dorling Kindersley Pvt Ltd, Delhi, India, 2006, p. 139.

Moustafa A. A., Abd El-Wahab R. H., Zaghloul M. S., Salman A. and Ahmed A. A., Age structure of Ficus benghalensis L.: a threat-ened introduced population in Ismailia, Egypt. Life Sci. J., 2014, 11(11), 90–97.

Suresh, H. S., Do trees tell us about the past? Resonance, 2012, 17, 33–43.

Shah, S. K. and Mehrotra, N., Tree-ring studies of Toona ciliata from subtropical wet hill forests of Kalimpong, eastern Himalaya. Dendrochronologia, 2017, 46, 46–55.

Upadhyay, K. K., Shah, S. K., Roy, A., Mehrotra, N. and Tripathi, S. K., Dendrochronological potential of Tectona grandis, Pinus kesiya and Quercus serrata from Mizoram, northeast India. Indian J. Ecol., 2019, 46(4), 722–728.

Chaudhary, V., Bhattacharyya, A., Guiot, J., Shah, S. K., Srivastava, S. K., Edouard, J.-L. and Thomas, A., Reconstruction of August– September temperature in North–Western Himalaya since AD 1773, based on tree-ring data of Pinus wallichiana and Abies pindrow. In Holocene: Perspectives, Environmental Dynamics and Impact Events (ed. Kotila, B. S.), Nova Science Publisher, New York, USA, 2013, pp. 145–156.

Malik, R. and Raman, S., June–July temperature reconstruction of Kashmir Valley from tree rings of Himalayan pindrow Fir. Atmos-phere, 2021, 12(3), 410.

Pandey, U., Shah, S. K. and Mehrotra, N., Tree-ring studies from Kashmir Valley: present status and future perspective. Geophytology, 2016, 46, 207–220.

Patrut, A. et al., The growth stop phenomenon of baobabs (Adansonia spp.) identified by radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon, 2017, 59, 35– 448.

Bormann, F. H. and Berlyn, G. (eds), Age and growth rate of tropi-cal trees: new directions for research. In School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Bulletin 6, Yale University, Connecticut, USA, 1981.

Pumijumnong, N., Dendrochronology in Southeast Asia. Trees, 2013, 27, 343–358.

Fichtler, E., Dendroclimatology using tropical broad-leaved tree species – a review. Erdkunde, 2017, 71(1), 5–22.

Tarelkin, Y., Delvaux, C., De Ridder, M., El Berkani, T., De Can-nière, C. and Beeckman, H., Growth-ring distinctness and boundary anatomy in tropical trees. IAWA J., 2016, 37, 275–294.

López, L. and Villalba, R., Reliable estimates of radial growth for eight tropical species based on wood anatomical patterns. J. Trop. For. Sci., 2016, 28(2), 139–152.

Xiong, L., Okada, N. and Fujiwara, T., The dendrochronological potential of ten species in the Three Gorges Reservoir region of China. IAWA J., 2000, 21(2), 181–196.

Lancaster, W., Lancaster, F. and Bridge, M., Tree cores from Ra’s al-Khaimah. In Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, Papers from the Thirty Seventh Meet, London, UK, 2004, vol. 34, pp. 147–156.

Xu, C., Sano, M., Yoshimura, K. and Nakatsuka, T., Oxygen isotopes as a valuable tool for measuring annual growth in tropical trees that lack distinct annual rings. Geochem. J., 2014, 48, 371–378.

Worbes, M., One hundred years of tree-ring research in the trop-ics – a brief history and an outlook to future challenges. Dendro-chronologia, 2002, 20, 217–231.

Fichtler, E., Clark, D. A. and Worbes, M., Age and long-term growth of trees in an old-growth tropical rain forest, based on anal-yses of tree rings and 14 C. Biotropica, 2003, 35, 306–317.

Patrut, A., von Reden, K. F., Danthu, P., Leong Pock-Tsy, J.-M., Patrut, R. T. and Lowy, D. A., Searching for the oldest baobab of Madagascar: radiocarbon investigation of large Adansonia rubro-stipa trees. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10, e0121170.

Patrut, A., Woodborne, S., Patrut, R. T., Rakosy, L., Lowy, D. A., Hall, G. and von Reden, K. F., The demise of the largest and oldest African baobabs. Nature Plants, 2018, 4, 423–436.

Poussart, P. M., Myneni, S. C. B. and Lanzirotti, A., Tropical den-drochemistry: a novel approach to estimate age and growth from ringless trees. Geoophys. Res. Lett., 2006, 33, L17711.

Garg, A., Singh, P. and Garg, K., World’s tenth largest banyan tree at Narora in Upper Ganga Ramsar site, Uttar Pradesh, India. Curr. Sci., 2016, 111(5), 778–779.

Garg, A. and Singh, V., Siddhwari sacred grove in Upper Ganga Ramsar site of Uttar Pradesh. Curr. Sci., 2013, 105(8), 1039–1040.

Patrut, A. et al., Fire history of a giant African baobab evinced by radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon, 2010, 52, 717–726.

Loader, N. J., Robertson, I., Barker, A. C., Switsur, V. R. and Water-house, J. S., An improved technique for the batch processing of small wholewood samples to α-cellulose. Chem. Geol., 1997, 136, 313–317.

Sofer, Z., Preparation of carbon dioxide for stable carbon isotope analysis of petroleum fractions. Anal. Chem., 1980, 52, 1389–1391.

Vogel, J. S., Southon, J. R., Nelson, D. E. and Brown, T. A., Per-formance of catalytically condensed carbon for use in accelerator mass-spectrometry. Nucl. Instrm. Methods B, 1984, 5, 289–293.

Mbele, V. L., Mullins, S. M., Winkler, S. R. and Woodborne, S., Acceptance tests for AMS radiocarbon measurements at iThemba LABS, Gauteng, South Africa. Phys. Procedia, 2017, 90, 10–16.

Reimer, P. et al., The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0–55 cal kBP). Radiocarbon, 2020, 62, 725–757.

Bronk Ramsey, C., Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radio-carbon, 2009, 51, 337–360.

Patrut, A., Patrut, R. T., Rakosy, L., Bodis, J., Lowy, D., Forizs, E. and von Reden, K. F., African baobabs with double closed ring-shaped structures and two separate false cavities: radiocarbon in-vestigation of the baobab of Golconda Fort. Stud. UBB Chem., 2016, LXI, 21–30.

Patrut, A., Patrut, R.T, Danthu, P., Leong Pock-Tsy, J.-M., Rakosy, L., Lowy, D. A. and von Reden, K. F., AMS radiocarbon dating of large za baobabs (Adansonia za) of Madagascar. PLoS ONE, 2016, 11(1), e0146977.

Patrut, A. et al., AMS radiocarbon dating of very large Grandidier’s baobabs (Adansonia grandidieri). Nucl. Instrum. Methods B, 2015, 361, 591–598.

Patrut, A., Garg, A., Woodborne, S., Patrut, R. T., Rakosy, L., Ratiu, I. A. and Lowy, D. A., Radiocarbon dating of two old African bao-babs from India. PLoS ONE, 2020, 15, e0227352.

Garg, A., Patrut, R. T., Patrut, A., Woodborne, S. and Rakosy, L., Radiocarbon dating and status of the oldest extant Ceylon iron wood (Manilkara hexandra) in the riverine Ramsar site of India. Curr. Sci., 2021, 120(3), 562–566.

Lindenmayer, D. B., Conserving large old trees as small natural features. Biol. Conserv., 2017, 211, 51–59.

Lindenmayer, D. B., Laurence, W. F. and Franklin, J. F., Global decline in large old trees. Science, 2012, 338, 1305–1306.

Lindenmayer, D. B. et al., New policies for old trees: averting a global crisis in a keystone ecological structure. Conserv. Lett., 2013, 7(1), 61–69.

Bennett, A. C., Mcdowell, N. G., Allen, C. D. and Anderson-Teixeira, K. J., Larger trees suffer most during drought in forests worldwide. Nature Plants, 2015, 1(10), 15139.

Username
Password
Remember me