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Mishra, A. K.

Winter Fog Experiment Over the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India

Abstract Views :306 | PDF Views:86

Authors

Sachin D. Ghude ¹, G. S. Bhat ², Thara Prabhakaran ¹, R. K. Jenamani ³, D. M. Chate ¹, P. D. Safai ¹, A. K. Karipot ⁴, M. Konwar ¹, Prakash Pithani ¹, V. Sinha ⁵, P. S. P. Rao ¹, S. A. Dixit ¹, S. Tiwari ¹, K. Todekar ¹, S. Varpe ¹, A. K. Srivastava ¹, D. S. Bisht ¹, P. Murugavel ¹, Kaushar Ali ¹, Usha Mina ⁶, M. Dharua ¹, J. Rao ¹, B. Padmakumari ¹, A. Hazra ¹, N. Nigam ³, U. Shende ³, D. M. Lal ¹, B. P. Chandra ⁵, A. K. Mishra ⁵, A. Kumar ⁵, H. Hakkim ⁵, H. Pawar ⁵, P. Acharja ¹, Rachana Kulkarni ¹, C. Subharthi ¹, B. Balaji ¹, M. Varghese ¹, S. Bera ¹, M. Rajeevan ⁷

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pashan, Pune 411 008, IN
2 Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
3 India Meteorological Department, New Delhi 110 003, IN
4 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, IN
5 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali 140 306, IN
6 Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
7 Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, New Delhi 110 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 112, No 04 (2017), Pagination: 767-784

Abstract

The objectives of the Winter Fog Experiment (WIFEX) over the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India are to develop better now-casting and forecasting of winter fog on various time- and spatial scales. Maximum fog occurrence over northwest India is about 48 days (visibility <1000 m) per year, and it occurs mostly during the December-February time-period. The physical and chemical characteristics of fog, meteorological factors responsible for its genesis, sustenance, intensity and dissipation are poorly understood. Improved understanding on the above aspects is required to develop reliable forecasting models and observational techniques for accurate prediction of the fog events. Extensive sets of comprehensive ground-based instrumentation were deployed at the Indira Gandhi International Airport, New Delhi. Major in situ sensors were deployed to measure surface micro-meteorological conditions, radiation balance, turbulence, thermodynamical structure of the surface layer, fog droplet and aerosol microphysics, aerosol optical properties, and aerosol and fog water chemistry to describe the complete environmental conditions under which fog develops. In addition, Weather Forecasting Model coupled with chemistry is planned for fog prediction at a spatial resolution of 2 km. The present study provides an introductory overview of the winter fog field campaign with its unique instrumentation.

Keywords

Aerosols, Atmospheric Profiles, Forecasting, Winter Fog.

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Effect of Gasifier Effluent on Agricultural Production and Soil

Abstract Views :219 | PDF Views:72

Authors

Lata Tripathi ¹, Anil Kumar Dubey ², A. K. Mishra ³, C. B. Tripathi ⁴, Prashant Baredar ⁵

Affiliations
1 Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal 462 036, IN
2 Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, IN
3 Chemistry Department, Ujjain Engineering College, Ujjain 456 010, IN
4 Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi 284 003, IN
5 Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal 462 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 113, No 06 (2017), Pagination: 1148-1152

Abstract

Gasifier generates wastewater during cooling and cleaning of producer gas. This wastewater contains harmful chemicals which adversely affect the natural stream if disposed off without treatment. In the present work the effect of gasifier effluent on agricultural soil and vegetable production was studied. Experiments were conducted on seasonal vegetables like radish, spinach and tomato plant. Each plant was irrigated with gasifier wastewater and treated wastewater to study the effects of these waters and compared with control plants which were irrigated by tap water. After irrigation with gasifier wastewater and treated wastewater, different physico-chemical analyses of soil and growth parameters of plant were done. It was found that gasifier wastewater is not suitable for agricultural fields. It inhibits or delay growth of plants. But after suitable treatment, it can be useful for agricultural fields.

Keywords

Agricultural Field, Gasifier Effluent, Growth Parameter, Physico-Chemical Analysis.

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References

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Odd–Even Traffic Rule Implementation during Winter 2016 in Delhi Did Not Reduce Traffic Emissions of VOCs, Carbon Dioxide, Methane and Carbon Monoxide

Abstract Views :219 | PDF Views:90

Authors

B. P. Chandra ¹, V. Sinha ¹, H. Hakkim ¹, A. Kumar ¹, H. Pawar ¹, A. K. Mishra ¹, G. Sharma ¹, Pallavi ¹, S. Garg ¹, Sachin D. Ghude ², D. M. Chate ², Prakash Pithani ², Rachana Kulkarni ², R. K. Jenamani ³, M. Rajeevan ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO 140 306, IN
2 Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pashan, Pune 411 008, IN
3 India Meteorological Department, New Delhi 110 003, IN
4 Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, New Delhi 110 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 114, No 06 (2018), Pagination: 1318-1325

Abstract

We studied the impact of the odd–even traffic rule (implemented in Delhi during 1–15 January 2016) on primary traffic emissions using measurements of 13 volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane at a strategic arterial road in Delhi (28.57°N, 77.11°E, 220 m amsl). Whole air samples (n = 27) were collected during the odd–even rule active (OA) and inactive (OI) days, and analysed at the IISER Mohali Atmospheric Chemistry Facility. The average mass concentration ranking and toluene/benzene ratio were characteristic of primary traffic emissions in both OA and OI samples, with the largest fraction comprising aromatic compounds (55– 70% of total). Statistical tests showed likely increase (p ≤ 0.16; OA > OI) in median concentration of 13 out of 16 measured gases during morning and afternoon periods (sampling hours: 07 : 00–08 : 00 and 13 : 30–14 : 30 IST), whereas no significant difference was observed for evening samples (sampling hour: 19 : 00–20 : 00 IST). This suggests that many four-wheeler users chose to commute earlier, to beat the 8 : 00 AM–8 : 00 PM restrictions, and/or there was an increase in the number of exempted public transport vehicles. Thus, the odd–even rule did not result in anticipated traffic emission reductions in January 2016, likely due to the changed temporal and fleet emission behaviour triggered in response to the regulation.

Keywords

Odd–Even Rule, Pollution, PTR-MS, Traffic, VOCs.

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References

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Sustainable Exploitation of Building Stone in India–Emerging Issues

Abstract Views :305 | PDF Views:84

Authors

Abhishek Sharma ¹, A. K. Mishra ¹, B. S. Choudhary ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad - 826004, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 115, No 5 (2018), Pagination: 838-844

Abstract

Stone aggregates are one of the most important construction materials obtained through conventional mining and crushing of building stones. The construction mining sector is highly unorganized, despite alarm calls raised by individuals and corporates regarding high accident rates and rapidly declining stone deposits. We may soon run out of quality stone deposits to support our aspiring infrastructure development plans. This article aims to create awareness on the importance of stone quarrying in supporting our infrastructure development plans, challenges faced by this sector, and eliciting appropriate and concrete action plans for the future.

Keywords

Construction Aggregates, Health, Safety, Stone Quarry, Sustainability.

Full Text

References

Khaleej Times, cIndian Engineering, 22 November 2016.

Ananthamurthy, B. S. and Sharma, A., Mining for sustainable growth of Indian construction industry. In Proceedings of the Golden Jubilee Seminar on Mining Technology for Sustainable Development, MineTech’11, Raipur, 2011, pp. 29–139.

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Impact of Blast Design Parameters on Rock Fragmentation in Building Stone Quarries

Abstract Views :269 | PDF Views:91

Authors

Abhishek Sharma ¹, A. K. Mishra ¹, B. S. Choudhary ¹, Rohit Meena ²

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826 004, IN
2 Bakhrija Plot 4, Masonary Stone Mine, Gradient Business Consulting Private Limited, Narnaul 123 023, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 116, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 1861-1867

Abstract

Crushed stone aggregates are indispensable construction material which is produced by crushing of raw stone boulders raised from stone quarries through the process of drilling and blasting. Proper size of boulders fed to the crusher is important to eliminate congestion in the crushing circuit and obtaining the desired productivity. Drill-blast design parameters have a considerable effect on the degree of post-blast fragmentation. Bench height, spacing, burden, stemming, bench stiffness ratio and powder factor are controllable blast design parameters which considerably influence the fragmentation. By controlling these design parameters, optimum fragmentation can be achieved. Extensive field trials followed by scientific analysis have been done in this study which reveals the relation between drill-blast design parameters and post-blast fragmentation. Burden, spacing, stemming, bench stiffness ratio and powder factor were varied over a range of 30–45% which in turn caused distinctions in the mean fragment size in the range of 50–200% approximately. For optimum mean fragment size, the burden was found to be 21 times the blast hole diameter. Spacing dimension of 1.3 times the burden produced the optimum mean fragment size. Stemming length of 0.91 times of burden generated the optimum fragmentation. Mean fragment size was most optimum at powder factor of 1.02 kg/cum.

Keywords

Burden, Drill-Blast Design Parameters, Fragmentation, Spacing, Stemming, Stone Quarries.

Full Text

References

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Venkataramaman, R., Nagendran, V. and Sharma, A., Crushing of aggregates with fixed shaft cone crusher: a green initiative by L&T. In Proceedings of Geominetech Symposium, 2013, pp. 59– 63.

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Sarathy, M. O., ‘Powder factor’-based tenders – progressive or regressive? Mining Engineers J., 2017, 19(8), 15–24.

Prasad, S., Choudhary, B. S. and Mishra, A. K., Effect of blast design parameters on blast-induced rock fragmentation size – a case study. In International Conference on Deep Excavation, Energy Resources and Production, IIT Kharagpur, 2017, pp. 1–7.

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Blasting Technique for Stabilizing Accident-Prone Slope for Sustainable Railway Route

Abstract Views :287 | PDF Views:91

Authors

N. K. Bhagat ¹, A. K. Mishra ², M. M. Singh ¹, Aditya Rana ¹, S. Tewari ¹, P. K. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad 826 015, IN
2 Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826 004, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 118, No 6 (2020), Pagination: 901-909

Abstract

Konkan Railway has many unstable slopes along the 741 km long route from Roha to Thokur in the states of Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka in India. Frequent cases of boulder fall, slope failure and landslide used to occur on the track during the rainy season. Such cases have resulted in several severe train accidents, traffic interruptions, loss of lives and assets. Hence the Konkan Railway Corporation deployed several geotechnical measures such as wire-netting, retaining wall, rock bolting and shotcreting for stability enhancement. However, none of these measures proved effective and accidents continued. Finally, the Konkan Railway Corporation decided to redesign the cut-slopes using blasting. Excavation of hard rock for its removal without damaging the existing track (2– 3 m away from the slope) and disrupting the traffic, was a daunting task. An unplanned blast would have resulted in the closure of the route for hours. The present study explains the method in which entire cutting was redesigned by formation of 5 to 2 m wide berms at an interval of 6 m bench height from rail track level using novel direction controlled blasting technique. Further, stability of the cut-slope, before and after exacavation, has been determined using kinematic analysis and 3D numerical modelling. Similar technique can be adopted to widen or stabilize an active transportation route in hills.

Keywords

Blasting, Kinematic Analysis, Numerical Modelling, Railway Track, Slope Rockmass Removal, Stabilization.

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Policy perspectives on agricultural water management and associated technologies suitable for different agro-climatic zones of West Bengal, India

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Authors

K. G. Mandal ¹, A. K. Thakur ¹, R. K. Mohanty ¹, A. K. Mishra ¹, Subhas Sinha ², Benukar Biswas ³

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Water Management, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751 023, IN
2 West Bengal State Watershed Development Agency, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 091, IN
3 Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741 252, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 122, No 4 (2022), Pagination: 386-395

Abstract

Agriculturally, West Bengal is one of the major productive states in India. It has made significant contributions to the gross state value added through agriculture and allied sectors, and water manage-ment is the most vital component to ensure stability and sustainability in agricultural production systems. There is increasing uncertainty in availability, or site-specific excess of water due to climate change. These call for strategic management of this important natural resource to achieve one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG No. 6) set by the United Nations, i.e. ensuring availability and sustainability in water management, and also providing sanitation to all by 2030. This eastern Indian state has six distinct agro-climatic zones (ACZs) based on its varied physiography, land, soil, weather, cropping pattern, vegetation and other characteristic features. Both water scarcity and water excess are intricately associated with the agricultural activities in the state, which demand integrated approach in the management of water resources and their efficient utilization. Here we elucidate the agricultural importance, distinctive features and constraints of six ACZs, provide an account of the water supply and demand, potential options to increase water-use efficiency, suitable technologies and zone-wise policy perspectives on water management in agriculture and allied sectors in West Bengal

Keywords

Agricultural technology, agro-climatic zones, policy, water management, water-use efficiency.

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