Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Links between Energy Usage and Climate:Implications on Increasing CO2 Emissions and Carbon Capture and Storage


Affiliations
1 Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
 

Global climate change due to increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere resulting from persistent use of fossil fuels over the past century is one of the major challenges of the contemporary industrial world. The exploitation of natural resources including fossil fuels has not always been done in a sustainable way. One of its adverse effects, faced by our generation, is climate change. We must not only be alert to these changes, but also make necessary efforts to adopt scientific measures to combat their ill effects. The combustion of fossil fuels together with added emissions from cement production, and land use change result in net annual increase in CO2 in the atmosphere by 4 GtC. Scientists have clearly demonstrated the role of CO2 emission in global warming. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an advanced technology to capture CO2 from its source, isolate it from the atmosphere and store it typically in underground geological formations. We highlight the need to invest in obtaining cleaner energy from fossil fuels by implementing technologies like CCS along with technological advancements in renewables. We present here a review on the general debate around implementing CCS technology and dwell on some developments in India to understand if CCS will be effective in the future towards reducing the carbon footprint in our growing economy.

Keywords

Climate, CO2, Carbon Capture and Storage, Energy, Fossil Fuel.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Earth System Science for Global Sustainability, The Grand Challenges, ICSU report, 2010.

  • Cockell, C., An Introduction to the Earth-Life System, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2008, p. 98.

  • Carbon cycling and biosequestration integrating biology and climate through systems science, Report from the March 2008 Workshop, US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, 2008.

  • Falkowski, P. et al., The global carbon cycle: a test of our knowledge of earth as a system. Science, 2000, 290(5490), 291–296.

  • IPCC, Climate Change 2013, Fifth Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press, 2013.

  • Petit, J. R. et al., Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature, 1999, 399, 429–436.

  • Etheridge, D. M., Steele, L. P., Langenfelds, R. L., Francey, R. J., Barnola, J. M. and Morgan, V. I., Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric CO2 over the last 1000 years from air in Antarctic ice and firn. J. Geophys. Res., 1996, 101, 4115–4128.

  • Cape Grim greenhouse gas data, CSIRO; http://www.csiro.au/en/Research/OandA/Areas/Assessing-our-climate/Greenhousegas-data

  • Boden, T. A., Marland, G. and Andres, R. J., Estimates of global, regional, and national annual CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, hydraulic cement production, and gas flaring: 1950–1992. ORNL/CDIAC-90, NDP-30/R6. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1995.

  • IEA, World Energy Outlook 2013, International Energy Agency, Paris, France, 2013.

  • IEA, CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Highlights, 2012.

  • Unruh, G. C., Escaping carbon lock-in. Energy Policy, 2002, 30, 317–325.

  • Unruh, G. C. and Carrillo-Hermosilla, J., Energy Policy, 2006, 34, 1185–1197.

  • IEA, CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion Highlights, 2013.

  • Viebahn, P., Vallentin, D. and Holler, S., Prospects of carbon capture and storage in India’s power sector – an integrated assessment. Appl. Energy, 2014, 117, 62–75.

  • Pattanaik, D. R. and Rajeevan, M., Variability of extreme rainfall events over India during southwest monsoon season. Meteorol. Appl., 2009, 104, 88–104.

  • Bolch, T. et al., The state and fate of Himalayan glaciers. Science, 2012, 336(6079), 310–314.

  • Holloway, S., Garg, A., Kapshe, M., Deshpande, A., Pracha, A. S. and Khan, S. R., A regional assessment of the potential for CO2 storage in the Indian subcontinent. IEA GHG R&D Programme, 2008.

  • TERI. India CCS Scoping Study: Final Report. New Delhi: The Energy Resource Institute, 2013, p. 42 [Project Report No. 2011BE02].

  • Singh, U., Carbon capture and storage: an effective way to mitigate global warming. Curr. Sci., 2013, 105, 7.

  • Lal, R., Soil carbon sequestration in India. Clim. Change, 2004, 65, 277–296.

  • Pathak, H., Byjesh, K., Chakrabarti, B. and Aggarwal, P. K., Potential and cost of carbon sequestration in Indian agriculture: Estimates from long term field experiments. Field Crops Res., 2011, 120, 102–111.

  • Swarup, A., Emerging soil fertility management issues for sustainable crop productivity in irrigated systems. In Long-Term Soil Fertility Management through Integrated Plant Nutrient Supply (eds Swarup, A., Reddy, D. D. and Prasad, R. N.), Indian Inst. Soil Sci., Bhopal, 1998, pp. 54–68.

  • Website, Our Finite World; https://ourfiniteworld.com/2012/03/12/world-energy-consumption-since-1820-in-charts

  • Vishal, V. and Singh, T. N., Geologic Carbon Sequestration: Understanding Reservoir Behaviour, Springer (Edited), 2016, ISBN 978-3-319-27019-7.


Abstract Views: 269

PDF Views: 76




  • Links between Energy Usage and Climate:Implications on Increasing CO2 Emissions and Carbon Capture and Storage

Abstract Views: 269  |  PDF Views: 76

Authors

S. K. Tandon
Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
Jyotirmoy Mallik
Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India

Abstract


Global climate change due to increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere resulting from persistent use of fossil fuels over the past century is one of the major challenges of the contemporary industrial world. The exploitation of natural resources including fossil fuels has not always been done in a sustainable way. One of its adverse effects, faced by our generation, is climate change. We must not only be alert to these changes, but also make necessary efforts to adopt scientific measures to combat their ill effects. The combustion of fossil fuels together with added emissions from cement production, and land use change result in net annual increase in CO2 in the atmosphere by 4 GtC. Scientists have clearly demonstrated the role of CO2 emission in global warming. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an advanced technology to capture CO2 from its source, isolate it from the atmosphere and store it typically in underground geological formations. We highlight the need to invest in obtaining cleaner energy from fossil fuels by implementing technologies like CCS along with technological advancements in renewables. We present here a review on the general debate around implementing CCS technology and dwell on some developments in India to understand if CCS will be effective in the future towards reducing the carbon footprint in our growing economy.

Keywords


Climate, CO2, Carbon Capture and Storage, Energy, Fossil Fuel.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv114%2Fi07%2F1430-1437