Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

IPR Regulatory Policy, Tariff and Entry Modes of MNC


Affiliations
1 Department of Economics, Sushil Kar College, Ghoshpur, 24 Parganas(S) 743330, West Bengal, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The paper links the optimal IPR rate andtariff rate chosen by a less developed country (LDC) government to the mode of entry of a multinational corporation (MNC) in it. The MNC can either export or fragment the production structure by shifting assembly-line units to the LDC where the cost of assembling the product is lower. Under fragmentation, a commercial pirate can copy the product with a positive probability and the MNC incurs anti-copying investment to deter piracy. The results show that under different combinations of copying, the probability of the pirate and cost incentive of fragmentation of different equilibrium configurations can be chosen.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Alvisi, M., E. Argentesi and E. Carbonara (2002), Piracy and Quality Choice in Monopolistic Markets(No. 436), Quaderni-Working Paper DSE.
  • Andres, A.R. (2006), The Relationship between Copyright Software Protection and Piracy: Evidence from Europe, European Journal of Economics, 21(1): 29-51
  • Athukarola, Prema-Chandra (2006), Product Fragmentation and Trade Patterns in East Asia, Asian Economic Papers, 4(3): 1–27.
  • Banerjee, D.S. (2003), Software Piracy: A Strategic Analysis and Policy Instruments, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 21(1): 97–127.
  • ---------- (2011), On the Sufficiency of Regulatory Environmentin Combating Piracy, Journal of Regulatory Economics, 40: 160-176.
  • Banerjee, D.S., T. Banerjee and A. Raychoudhuri (2008), OptimalEnforcement and Anti-copying Strategies to Counter Copyright Infringement, Japanese Economic Review, 59(4): 519-535.
  • Basu, P. and T. Banerjee (2018), A Theoretical Analysis of Product Versioning in the Context of Commercial Piracy, Ekonomski Anali/Economic Annals, 63(219): 115-136.
  • ---------- (2019), Transaction Utilityof End-User Pirates–An Analysis. Review of Marketing Science, 16(1): 109-132.
  • Bhattacharjea, Aditya (1995), Strategic Tariffs and Endogenous Market Structures: Trade and Industrial Policies under Imperfect Competition, Journal of Development Economics, 47(2): 287-312.
  • Biswas Mitra, N. and T. Banerjee (Chatterjee) (2016), IPR Regulatory Policy, Commercial Piracy, and Entry Modes of MNC: A Theoretical Analysis, in: M. Roy and S. Sinha Roy (Eds.) International Trade and International Finance,New Delhi: Springer, 49-73.
  • Cremer, H. and P. Pestieau (2009), Piracy Prevention and the Pricing of Information Goods, Information Economics and Policy, 21(1): 34–42.
  • Eicher, Theo and Kang Jong Woo (2005), Trade FDI or Acquisition: Optimal Entry Modes for Multinational, Journal of Development Economies, 77(1): 207-208.
  • Fosfuri, A. (2000), Patent Protection, Imitation and the Mode of Technology Transfer, International Journal of Industrial Organisation, 18(7): 1129-1149.
  • Helg, Rodolfo and Lucia Tajoli (2005), Patterns of International Fragmentation of Production and the Relative Demand for Labor, LIUC Papers in Economics, No. 167, http://www.biblio.liuc.it/liucpap/pdf/167.pdf accessed on 4.3.17
  • Hummels, David, Jun Ishii and Kei-Mu Yi (2001), The Nature and Growth of Vertical Specialization in World Trade, Journal of International Economics, 54: 75–96.
  • Keller, W. (2004), International Technology Diffusion, Journal of Economic Literature, 42(3): 752-782.
  • Kiema, I. (2008), Commercial Piracy and Intellectual Property Policy, Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization, 68(1): 304-318.
  • Kovac, E. and K. Zigic (2014), International Competition in Vertically Differentiated Markets with Innovation and Imitation: Trade Policy versus Free Trade, Economica, 81: 491–521.
  • Kranenburg, Hans van and Annelies Hogenbrik (2009), Multimedia,Entertainment, and Business Software Copyright Piracy: A Cross-National Study, Journal of Media Economics, pp. 109-129, Published online: 17 Nov 2009 https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327736me1802_3
  • Lahiri, A. and D. Dey (2012), Effects of Piracy on Quality of Information Goods, http://ssrn.com/abstract=1868659, accessed on September 13.
  • Lin, Ping and Kamal Saggi (1999), Incentives for Foreign DirectInvestment under Imitation, Canadian Journal of Economics, 32(5): 1275-1298.
  • Long, N.V. (2005), Outsourcing and Technology Spill Overs, International Review of Economics and Finance, 14(3): 297–304.
  • Lu, Y. and S. Poddar (2011), Accommodation or Deterrence in theFace of Commercial Piracy: the Impact of IPR Protection, Oxford Economic Papers, 64: 518-538.
  • Markusen, R. James (1995), The Boundaries of Multinational Enterprises and the Theory of International Trade, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2(2): 169-189.
  • Martinez Sanchez, Francisco (2010), Avoiding Commercial Piracy, Information Economics and Policy, 22(4): 398-408.
  • Mattoo, A., M. Olarreaga and K. Saggi (2004), Mode of Foreign Entry, Technology Transfer and FDI Policy, Policy Research Working Paper 2737.
  • Pack, Howard and K. Saggi (2001), Vertical Technology Transfer viaInternational Outsourcing, Journal of Development Economics, 65(2): 398-415.
  • Poddar, S. (2005), Why Software Piracy Rates Differ – A Theoretical Analysis, Working Paper No.0515, Dept. of Economics, National University of Singapore.
  • Qui, Larry D. and Edwin L.-C, Lai (2004), Protection of Trade for Innovation: The Roles of Northern and Southern Tariffs, Japan and the World Economy, 16(4): 449-470.
  • Silve J. and D. Bernhardt (1998), Pirated for Profit, Canadian Journal of Economics, 31(4): 886-899.
  • Sundararajan, Arun (2004), Managing Digital Piracy: Pricing andProtection, Information Systems Research, 15(3): 287-308.
  • Vishwasrao, S. (1994), Intellectual Property Rights and the Mode of Technology Transfer, Journal of Development Economics, 44(2): 381-402.
  • Walls, W.D. (2011), Cross Country Analysis of Movie Piracy, Applied Economics, pp. 625-632, published online April 11.
  • Wu, S.Y., P.Y. Chen, and G. Anandalingam (2003), Fighting Information Goods Piracy with Versioning, ICIS 2003 Proceedings, Paper 51.
  • Zigic, K. (2000), Strategic Trade Policy, Intellectual PropertyRights Protection and North-South trade, Journal of Development Economics, 61(1): 27-60.
  • ---------- (2011), Does a ‘Non-committed’ Government always Generate Lower Social Welfare than its ‘Committed’ Counterpart? Strategic Trade Policy when Consumer Surplus Matters, Journal of Comparative Literature, 39(4): 533-556.

Abstract Views: 331

PDF Views: 0




  • IPR Regulatory Policy, Tariff and Entry Modes of MNC

Abstract Views: 331  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Nilanjana Biswas (Mitra)
Department of Economics, Sushil Kar College, Ghoshpur, 24 Parganas(S) 743330, West Bengal, India

Abstract


The paper links the optimal IPR rate andtariff rate chosen by a less developed country (LDC) government to the mode of entry of a multinational corporation (MNC) in it. The MNC can either export or fragment the production structure by shifting assembly-line units to the LDC where the cost of assembling the product is lower. Under fragmentation, a commercial pirate can copy the product with a positive probability and the MNC incurs anti-copying investment to deter piracy. The results show that under different combinations of copying, the probability of the pirate and cost incentive of fragmentation of different equilibrium configurations can be chosen.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.21648/arthavij%2F2020%2Fv62%2Fi3%2F203585