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Sharma, S. N.

• A Model for Indian Standard Kiln Drying Schedules for Timber Based on Diffusion Theory of Drying

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Authors

S. N. Sharma , C. N. Pandey

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 116, No 2 (1990), Pagination: 121-130

Abstract

Regressions of the form t-t_w + 5 = a/u_m + bU_m akin to the equation of the drying schedUle derived from the diffusion theory of drying, could be fitted to Indian Standard schedules I to VII of IS: 1141-1973 with high degree of correlation, indicating that these empirically evolved schedules by and large conform to the diffusion theory of drying. Values of the drying intensity parameter β derived from constants 'a' for the different schedules were found to be strongly correlated to the group mean basic density of the species falling under different schedules : β = .5954 + .5787 (1/ρ)- .1055 (lρ)². It was Indicated that in general heavier timbers would call for milder drying schedules, though significant deviations from this trend should be expected in case of individual species on account of differences in physical properties other than basic density that influence moisture movement and drying degrade.

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• Studies on Shrinkage Behaviour of Robinia pseudacacia Timber

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Authors

H. P. Singh , C. N. Pandey , S. N. Sharma

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 116, No 10 (1990), Pagination: 832-836

Abstract

Shrinkage behaviour of Robina pseudacacia was studied and its total tangential, radial and volumetric shrinkage was found as 7.7 %, 5.1 % and 10 % respectively which compares well with timbers like, Adina cordifolia, Dillellia pentagyna, Holoptelea integrifolia and Machiluus macrantha. Its retention of shape and size relative to teak was found as 73 % compared to teak taken as 100. The mean Inter-section Point (I.S.P) was estimated and found as 24 %. The species may be classed as moderately stable in shape and size, comparable to species commonly in use for furniture and joinery.

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• Studies on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Sterculia urens

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Authors

P. Kumar , A. K. Ananthanarayana , S. N. Sharma

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 114, No 4 (1988), Pagination: 230-237

Abstract

Comprehensive tests done on physical and mechanical properties of Sterculia urens for the first time, have indicated it to be heavy to very heavy, very strong and very hard, but rather poor in splitting coefficient and retention of shape. On the basis of these tests the timber is considered suitable for use as posts, beams, rafters and tool handles. The timber planes and turns to a smooth finish and is also likely to be suitable after proper seasoning and adoption of alternative jointing techniques (such as use of dowels) for door and window frames, ordinary furniture and joinery.

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• Seasoning Behaviour and Related Properties of some Indian Species of Bamboo

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Authors

S. N. Sharma

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 114, No 10 (1988), Pagination: 613-621

Abstract

The paper reviews the results of air and kiln drying experiments carried out on 9 species of Indian bamboos in the round. Seasoning behaviour of the species is described besides results of small scale experiments carried out on baking over open fire and water pre-soaking treatment. A process of chemical seasoning of round bamboo for handicrafts is set out. The paper also describes the shrinkage behaviour of round bamboo including variation of sbrinkage and density in the wall thickness. Effect of a pre-freezing treatment on shrinkage and collapse reduction has been discussed. The Intersection point and the variation of electrical resistance with moisture content have been examined.

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• Wood Bending by Vapour Phase Ammonia Plasticization

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Authors

S. N. Sharma , C. N. Pandey , H. C. Kanojia , Mani Ram

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 114, No 11 (1988), Pagination: 752-760

Abstract

Trials with vapour phase ammonia plasticization of air-dried timber have indicated that species like Acrocarpus fraxinifolius, which are not amenable to steam bending, can be bent reasonably successfully and species like Mangifera indica, which respond to some extent to steam bending, can be bent to sharper curvatures by this technique. 13 mm strips of Grevillea robusta needed only 1 hr treatment at 5 kg/cm² pressure to bend to a radius of 37 mm (R/T = 3) while Acrocarpus fraxinifolitius and Mangifera indica needed 3 hr treatment to achieve the same result. A higher wood moisture content at the time of treatment appeared 10 improve the rate and degree of plasticization and the bending behaviour. Further trials are proposed to produce bent wood furniture items using this technique.

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• A Comparative Study of CCA Treatment of Tree Guard Poles of Eucalyptus Hybrid by Sap-displacement and Boucherie Processes

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Authors

S. N. Sharma , P. V. Krishna Rao , V. V. Srinivaan

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 114, No 12 (1988), Pagination: 854-864

Abstract

The result of experiment carried out on treatment of freshly felled tree guard poles of Eucalyptus hybrid with CCA by the sap-displacement and Boucherie processes have been described in this paper.

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• Physical and Mechanical Properties of Acacia auriculaeformis from Karnataka

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Authors

P. Kumar , A. K. Ananthanarayana , S. N. Sharma

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 113, No 8 (1987), Pagination: 567-573

Abstract

Physical and mechanical properties and suitability indices of Acacia auriculaeformis, an exotic species currently finding favour for firewood farming, have been evaluated. The data suggests that this species would be well worth trying for furniture, joinery, flooring, constructional purposes and tool handles besides turnery articles if logs in suitable girths are available.

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• Physical and Mechanical Properties of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (syn.Enterolobium timbouva)

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Authors

P. Kumar , S. N. Sharma

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 112, No 1 (1986), Pagination: 69-74

Abstract

Physical and mechanical properties in green and air dry conditions of Enterolobium contortisiliquum from FRL Campus, Bangalore have been reported. On compar son with "standard teak" (Tectona grandis) it is found that strength values are considerably lower than the corresponding, values. The timber is classified as light, very weak, not tough, very steady and very soft. It is considered worth trying for turnery articles like toys. Models, bangles etc. Besides drawing boards, picture frames and cigar boxes.

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• Assessing the Quantity of Stacked Pulpwood in Field Transactions

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Authors

S. N. Sharma , K. G. Maharudrappa , A. K. Ananthanarayana

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 111, No 6 (1985), Pagination: 349-358

Abstract

Rationalisation or the experiments carried out for determining volume/weight ratios for use in transactions of pulpwood at forest site have been proposed. The rationale of working out ratios that would assess the air-dry weight or material based on stack volume measurements has been emphasized, and design of experiments for determining such ratios has been presented.

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• Solar Drying of Veneer and Minor Forest Produce

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Authors

S. N. Sharma , Prem Nath , S. P. Bodoni , P. K. Jain

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 109, No 5 (1983), Pagination: 309-312

Abstract

Packed hed type solar air heaters having total collector area 10.3 m³ in 11 m length have been found to yield maximum outlet air tempentures between 90°C and 105°C during April to June at Dehra Dun at air mass flow rates between 2.77 and 5.54 kg/min. Average journal solar collection efficiencies varied between 45.5 and 62%. It is established that temperatures suitable for accelerate drying of veneer, sheet materials, wood wool and minor forest produce on a cottage or small scale can be easily and cheaply achieved by these solar air healers. A 10.3 m² collector area has been estimated to sulie for a charge capacity of 51 m³ of 2 m n thick green veneer (chargetime 3½ hrs), somewhat more than 28 kg of sal seed (charge time 6½ hrs), and more than 900, 10-leaf bundles (charge 6½ hrs). Possibilities of supplemental solar heating of existing steam heated dryers by this system also exist.

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• Some Small-Scale Industries Based on Timbers of the Himalayan Region of Uttar Pradesh

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Authors

S. N. Sharma , Prem Nath , P. G. Gupta

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 104, No 6 (1978), Pagination: 421-430

Abstract

Some small-scale industries based on timbers of the Himalayan region and suitable for establishment in the hill areas have been described. These are manufacture of compressed wood shuttle blocks, cotton mill pirn blocks, pencil slats, tool handles and tent mallet heads, semi-finished frames of tennis and badminton rackets, mathematical instruments etc. Approximate investments involved, machinery and inputs required and manufacturing proceses have also been briefly indicated.

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• Effect of Depth of Sowing on Germination of Kail (Pinus wallichiana) Seed

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Authors

R. V. Singh , J. P. Chandra , S. N. Sharma

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 99, No 6 (1973), Pagination: 367-371

Abstract

The results of the experiments conducted on the effect of depth of sowing on germination of kail seeds are reported. Sowings done up to 15 mllilmetres depth gave higher germination percentage than deeper sowings. Sowing of kail at a depth of 15 millimetres is recommended and sowing deeper than 25 millimetres should be avoided.

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• Trials on some Andaman Light Hardwooos for Pencil Making

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Authors

S. N. Sharma , P. G. Gupta

Source

Indian Forester, Vol 101, No 10 (1975), Pagination: 608-615

Abstract

Results of trials on the suitability of bakota (Endospermum malaccenae), lambapatti (Planchonella longepetiolata), red dhup (Parishia insignis) and white dhup (Canarium euphyllum) for pencillnaking have been described. Bakota and lalmbapatti after suitable dyeing and waxing treatment have been reported by pencil factories as comparable to kuthan (Hymenodiclyon excelsum) and banati(Lophopetalum wightianum) presently used. Results of a trial with PEG-1500 as softening agent in place of paraffin wax are also described.

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• Hepatic Encephalopathy - Part 2

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Authors

B. S. Bomb ¹, H. K. Bedi ¹, S. N. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Medicine, R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur, IN

Source

The Indian Practitioner, Vol 28, No 4 (1975), Pagination: 201-206

Abstract

No Abstract

Keywords

No Keywords

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• Hepatic Encephalopathy (pathogenesis)

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Authors

B. S. Bomb ¹, H. K. Bedi ¹, S. N. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 R. N. T. Medical College, Udaipur, IN

Source

The Indian Practitioner, Vol 28, No 3 (1975), Pagination: 161-166

Abstract

No Abstract

Keywords

No Keywords

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• Parasitic Wasps, Dinarmus acutus (Thompson) and Dinarmus basalis (Rondani) (Hymenoptera:Pteromalidae) Parasitizing Pulse Beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius)

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Authors

H. C. Gupta ¹, I. J. Gupta ¹, S. N. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Seed Technology Research, Agricultural Research Station, Durgapura, Jaipur 302 018, Rajasthan, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 11, No 1&2 (1997), Pagination: 77-78

Abstract

A survey of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) infestation in greengram (Vigna aureus Roxb.) was conducted in different villages of districts Alwar and Jaipur (Rajasthan). The parasitic wasps, Dinarmus acutus (Thompson) and D. basalis (Rondani) have been observed as potential parasitoids, with parasitism ranging from 13 to 29 per cent. Only the last instar larvae and pupae of C. maculatus were parasitized.

Keywords

Callosobruchus maculatus, Dinarmus acutus, Dinarmus basalis.

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• To Identify the Seed Borne Mycoflora Associated with Pigeonpea Seeds by Standard Blotter Method

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Authors

S. N. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, N.P.G. College, Barhalganj, Gorakhpur (U.P.), IN

Source

International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 12, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 123-126

Abstract

The study aims at identifying seed borne fungi associated with Cajanus cajan L. Mill sp. Nineteen varieties of pigeanpea were collected from various places in different agroclimatic zones for the detection of seed mycoflora associated with them. The seed born fungi was screened by using Standard blotter plate method from selected untreated and treated seeds. A total of 14 fungal species were found associated with pigeonpea seeds of different varieties with varying degree of incidence in standard blotter method (Untreated ). The detected fungi were Fusarium monillifoarmae, Alternaria alternate, Aspergilus flavus, Aspergilus niger, Aspergilus fumigates, Aspergilus candidus, Cladosporium cladosporoides, Curvularia lunata, Rhizoctonia solani, Drechsera tetramera, Penicillium oxalicum, Mucor spp., Rhizopus nigricans and Cheatomium globosum. The maxium number of fungal species were associated with seeds of variety UPAS-120 .In this method (Pre-treated) 11 fungal species were detected. The Treatment reduced the average number of colonies of each fungus associated with seeds of different varieties considerably while 4 fungal species such as Penicillium oxalicum, Mucor spp. Rhizopus nigricans and Chaetomium globosum.

Keywords

Pigeonpea, Mycoflora, Seed Born Fungi.

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References

• Anonymous (2017-18). Annual Progress Report 2017-18, DPD, Bhopal.
• Dawson, W.A.J.M. and Bateman, G.L. (2001). Bateman.Fungal communities on ischolar_mains of wheat and barley and effects of seed treatments containing fluquinconazole applied to control takeall. Plant Pathology, 50: 5-82.
• Diaz, C., Hossain, M., Bose, M.L., Mercea, S. and Mew, T.W. (1998). Seed quality and effect on rice yield: findings from farmer sparticipatory experiment in Central Luzon,Philippines. J. Crop. Sci., 23(2):111-119.
• Islam, S.M.M., Masum, M.M.I. and Fakir, M.G.A. (2009). Prevalence of seed-borne fungi in sorghum of different locations of Bangladesh. Scientific Res. & Essay, 4(3):175-179
• ISTA- International Seed Testing Association (1985). International seed testing association rule book. Seed Sci. Technol., 13(2): 299-520.
• Kubiak, K. and Korbas, M. (1999). Occurrence of fungal diseases on selected winter wheat cultivars. Postepy Ochronie Roslin, 39 (2): 801-804
• Nine, Y.L. (1986). Opportunities for research on diseases of pulse crops. Indian Phytopathol., 39(3):333-342.
• Pal, M. (1996). Pulse disease scenario. Indian Phytopathol., 49 (2):129-131.
• Williams, R.J. and McDonald, D. (1983). Grain molds in the tropics: Problems and Importance. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol., 21: 153-178.

• To Study the Pathogenicity of Different Isolated Mycoflora in Pigeonpea

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Authors

S. N. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, N.P.G. College, Barhalganj, Gorakhpur (U.P.), IN

Source

International Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol 14, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 62-65

Abstract

Pathogenicity test was carried out in the pots to detect the pathogenic nature of isolated fungal species. Pathogenicity Test was carried out by various methods-seed- inoculation method, soil inoculation method, leaf inoculation method. Test was carried out of pigeonpea variety UPAS-120. Pathogenicity and pathogenic behaviour of 15 fungal species isolated from pigeonpea seeds. Studying the pathogenic nature of the mycoflora by inoculation them wit seed, soil or leaf only 9 sp were found pathogenic. They were fusarium moniliformae, Alternaria alternate, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. candidus cladosporium cladosporoides, Curvularia lunata and Rhizctonia solani. Eight of them were found seed borne and caused seed borne and caused seed and ischolar_main-rot, seedling blight, necrosis of seedling ultimately resulted in seedling mortality. The fungi like Fusarium moniliformae , Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizctonia solani were also found soil borne and caused seed rot, ischolar_main rot, seedling blight and seedling infection. Leaf inoculation with funagal species like Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporoides, curvularia lunata and Rhizoctinia solani showed leaf blight symptoms.

Keywords

Mycoflora, Inoculation , Pathogenicity, Mortality.

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References

• Dawson, W.A.J.M. and Bateman G.L. (2001). Fungal communities on ischolar_mains of wheat and barley and effects of seed treatments containing fluquinconazole applied to control take-all. Plant Pathology, 50 : 5-82.
• Kannaiyan, J., Nene, Y.L., Reddy, M.V., Ryan, J.G. and Raju, T.N. (1984). Prevalence of pigeonpea disease and associated crop losses in Asia, Africa and America. Tropical Pest Management, 80 : 62-71.
• Kubiak, K. and Korbas, M. (1999). Occurrence of fungal diseases on selected winter wheat cultivars. Postepy Ochronie Roslin, 39 (2): 801-804.
• National Academy of Sciences (1979). Genetic vulnerability of major crops. Washington, D C. Tropical legumes: resources for the future. Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
• Patil, D.P., Pawar, P. V. and Muley, S.M. (2012). Mycoflora associated with pigeonpea and chickpea. Internat. Multidisciplinary Res. J., 2 (6) : 10-12.
• Paul, Neergaard (1973). Detection of seed borne pathogen by culture test. Seed Sci. & Technol.,1 : 217-254.
• Shukla, D.N. and Bhargawa, S.N. (1976). Fungi isolated from Seeds of pulses and seedling rot of Arhar. Proc. Nath.Acad.Sci.,India,B.,46 : 453-455.
• Shukla, D.N. and Bhargawa, S.N. (1978). Seed and seedling rot of Arhar. Proc. Nath.Acad.Sci.,India,B.,48 (3):167-170.
• Weber, R. B., Hrynczuk, B., Runowska Hrynczuk and Kita, B. (2001). Influence of the mode of tillage on diseases of culm base in some winter wheat varieties, oats and spring wheat. J. Phytopathol. 149 : 185-188.

• Detection and Isolation of Mycoflora Associated with Pigeonpea by Seed Washing Test

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Authors

S. N. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, N.P.G. College, Barhalganj, Gorakhpur (U.P.), IN

Source

International Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol 14, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 74-76

Abstract

Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) is important pulse crops grown in India. Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Mills.] is being grown in tropical and subtropical parts of the world and has got high protein content of 21 per cent. Nutritionally, it is very rich in protein and good source of amino acids, minerals and vitamins. Main constituents of pigeonpea per (100g of seed) are protein (21.9g), carbohydrate (72.7g) oil (1.5g) and minerals. Seed is the most important input for crop production. Pathogen free healthy seed is urgently needed for desired plant populations and good harvest. Seed mycoflora association in different varieties were detected by seed washing test. Seed washing test revealed the presence of fusarium monilliformae in 8, Alternaria alternate in 18, Aspergilus sp. In 14,Curvularia lunata in 5 and Drechslera tetamera in 2s varieties.

Keywords

Pigeonpea, Mycoflora, Seed Born Fungi.

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References

• Anonymous (2018). Annual progress report 2017-18, DPD, Bhopal (M.S.) India.
• Ghangaokar, Narayan M. and Kshirsagar, Ayodhya D. (2013). study of seed borne fungi of different legumes. Trends in Life Sci Inter Peer Rev. J., 2 (1): 32-35.
• Kannaiyan, J., Nene, Y.L., Reddy, M.V., Ryan, J.G. and Raju, T.N., (1984). Prevalence of pigeonpea disease and associated crop losses in Asia, Africa and America. Tropical Pest Management, 80: 62-71.
• Patil, D.P., Pawar, P. V. and Muley, S. M. (2012). Mycoflora associated with pigeonpea and chickpea. Internat. Multidisciplinary Res. J., 2 (6) : 10-12.
• Paul, Neergaard (1973). Detection of seed borne pathogen by culture test. Seed Sci. & Technol.,1 : 217-254.
• Reddy, B. Anjaneya, Saifulla, Muhammad, Mallesh, S. B. and Kumar, R. Mahesh (2006). Seed mycoflora of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Mills.] and it’s management. Internat. J. agric. Sci., 2 (2) : 522-525.