Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

N. J. Merlin ¹, Sufiyan ¹, Chitra C. Nair ¹, Shaiju S. Dharan ¹

Affiliations
1 Ezhuthachan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marayamuttom, Neyyattinkara, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IN

Abstract

PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors involved in the transcriptional regulation of key metabolic pathways such as lipid metabolism, adipogenesis, and insulin sensitivity. More recent work implicates all 3 PPAR isotypes (α, γ, and δ) in inflammatory and atherosclerotic pathways. Because these nuclear receptors are activated by extracellular signals and control multiple gene targets, PPARs can be seen as nodes that control multiple inputs and outputs involved in energy balance, providing insight into how metabolism and the vasculature may be integrated. The ongoing clinical use of synthetic PPAR agonists, eg, insulin-sensitizing thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and lipid-lowering fibrates, and the evidence that PPAR activation also may limit inflammation and atherosclerosis have only heightened this interest and the pursuit of novel PPAR agonists. Together, these various observations have stimulated intense interest in PPARs as therapeutic targets and led to large-scale cardiovascular end-point trials with PPAR agonists.

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N. J. Merlin ¹, Shaji Selvin ¹, T. N. Sukesh ¹

Affiliations
1 Ezhuthachan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marayamuttom, Neyyattinkara, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IN

Abstract

Nanotechnology is the science that deals with the processes that occur at molecular level. Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field, convergence of basic sciences and applied disciplines like biophysics, molecular biology, and bioengineering. It has created powerful impact in various fields of medicine including cardiology, ophthalmology, endocrinology, oncology, pulmonology, immunology etc., and to highly specialized areas like gene delivery, brain targeting, tumor targeting, and oral vaccine formulations. Nanotechnology provides intelligent systems, devices and materials for better pharmaceutical applications.

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N. J. Merlin ¹, Arya ²

Affiliations
1 Ezhuthachan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marayamuttom, Neyyattinkara, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, HU
2 Ezhuthachan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marayamuttom, Neyyattinkara, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IN

Abstract

Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness and Robles' Disease, is a parasitic disease caused by infection by Onchocerca volvulus. Doxycycline and Ivermycetin are used to treat this disease.

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N. J. Merlin ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Ezhuthachan College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marayamuttom, Neyyatinkara, IN

Abstract

Pharmacy is the health profession that links the health sciences with the chemical sciences and it is charged with ensuring the safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs. The scope of pharmacy practice includes more traditional roles such as compounding and dispensing medications, and it also includes more modern services related to health care, including clinical services, reviewing medications for safety and efficacy, and providing drug information. Pharmacists, therefore, are the experts on drug therapy and are the primary health professionals who optimize medication use to provide patients with positive health outcomes. Pharmacists are highly-trained and skilled healthcare professionals who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients. Many pharmacists are also small-business owners, owning the pharmacy in which they practice.

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