A Concise Review on Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties of Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith

Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) is genus of very diverse flowering trees, which is produced hard and durable heartwood and an important eucalyptol essential oil. Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith leaf is the important source of Eucalyptus oil, which is used as a pharmaceutical, antiseptic, repellent, flavoring and fragrance. The oil comprised of mainly monoterpene like α-pinene and 1,8-cineole as major constituents. Apart from essential oil, the leaf is also reported to presence of various non-volatile phytoconstituents viz; acyl phloroglucinol derivatives, triterpenoids, tannins, lignins, long chain fatty acids, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds. The leaves are also good source of important triterpenoids such as ursolic acid and betulinic acid, which has wide range of pharmacological activities and therapeutic uses. Various analytical methods have been reported for identification and quantification of phytoconstituents in the leaf of E. tereticornis. The leaf extract and oil of E. tereticornis showed various pharmacological activities like antihypergycemic, antibacterial antifungal, antioxidant larvicidal and myorelaxant property. The review attempts to highlight various available literature with respect to the chemical constitutes and their analysis by various chromatographic methods, uses and reported various pharmacological activities.