Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/A_ES <p>The Journal of Advances in Engineering Science is a Bi-annual Journal from Sinhgad Technical Education Society. Journal is devoted to high quality publications in major fields of engineering and sciences containing experimental, theoretical and applied research results of outstanding significance and are not under consideration else where. Section A(Issue 1) is designed to study the frontiers between material science and engineering, Chemical and Polymer Engineering. Section B(Issue 2) contains advances in the leading areas of mechanical engineering, production, automobile and industrial engineering. Section C(Issue 3) is devoted to Electrical engineering, electronics and telecommunication, computer engineering and information technology. Section D(Issue 4) is devoted to Civil engineering, Architecture, Structural Engineering, Energy and Environment.</p> Publishing India Group en-US Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences 0973-9041 Fermentative Synthesis of Lactic Acid https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/A_ES/article/view/170951 Lactic acid, an organic acid is a product of glucose fermentation in certain cells of organisms. Lactic acid is a crucial metabolite that has gained immense industrial importance. Lactic acid application have a wide expanse including its use to synthesize various fermentation products in food industry, pharmaceutical solutions for drug delivery, preservative in foodstuffs, production of surfactants used in soaps and detergents, tanning leather, synthesis of bio composites and as a mordant in textile industries. Due to its wide applications, it is necessary to study and optimize fermentative synthesis of lactic acid. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from sources of sauerkraut and cheese water. Sauerkraut is a fermentation product that has a number of lactic acid bacteria thriving on it including, <em>Lactobacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc argentinum, Lactobacillus brevis, Pediococcus pentosaceus. </em>Cheese being a major source of lactic acid bacteria such as<em> Lactobacillus helveticus, Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactococcus lactis, Lb. casei</em> was investigated as a source for the synthesis of lactic acid. Fermentation parameters were optimized and fermentation was carried out for a period of 5 days. Extraction method was followed to separate and purify lactic acid produced. CaCO<sub>3</sub> precipitation was carried out to separate lactate from other impurities, followed by acidification with concentrated sulphuric acid. This method showed lesser concentration of lactic acid, so it was further optimized to concentrate the product. In the second method, the concentration of sulphuric acid was lowered (63%) as it outweighed the product and the main impurity water was removed by distillation. CaCO<sub>3</sub> precipitation, followed by acidification and distillation is an inexpensive technique in comparison to other techniques. The yield of lactic acid produced was checked by using buttermilk powder as a standard and it was found to be 42.78% and 61% respectively for sauerkraut and cheese mixed cultures. Shweta Kashid Tejashree Dhamale Srushti Deshpande 2017-04-01 2017-04-01 14 Identification of Hydrophobins in Fungal Strains Using Bioinformatics Tools https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/A_ES/article/view/170952 Hydrophobins are proteins produced by various fungi. They can self-assemble at hydrophilic hydrophobic interfaces into an amphipathic film. Hydrophobins are used to stabilize foam in food products; and immobilize enzyme, antibodies, cells, and an organic molecule on surfaces. Hydrophobins are the surface active proteins with good foaming capacities. Bioinformatics study was done to identify the presence of hydrophobins in <em>Aspergillus</em> and <em>Penicillium</em> strains. This was done by using BLAST and CDS tools in NCBI. Using these tools, hydrophobin domain families of <em>Aspergillus</em> species and <em>Penicillium</em> <em>islandicum</em> was identified and described. Also, surface tension reducing capacity of fermentated broths obtained from these strains was tested. Areeba Patel Sonali Khule Shraddha Kulkarni 2017-04-01 2017-04-01 14 Optimum Design of Steel Space Frames Including Soil-Structure Interaction https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/A_ES/article/view/170961 <p>Optimization is an act of obtaining the best result under given circumstances. In design, construction, and maintenance of any engineering system, engineers have to take many technological and managerial decisions at several stages. The ultimate goal of all such decisions is either to minimize the effort required or to maximize the desired benefit. This research will present an analytical investigation on optimum design of steel frame including soil-structure interaction.</p><p>A 7 storied steel frame of height 21m is considered for the work. The aim of this study is to investigate the behavior of soil structure interaction on the steel frame. To include the soil structure interaction, four different types of soil are considered. Finally, a comparative study is done for the structures with and without considering soil structure interaction.</p> Deepak Sharma P. M. Alandkar 2017-04-01 2017-04-01 14 Autonomous Driving Using Machine Learning https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/A_ES/article/view/170964 An autonomous car is a vehicle which is capable of operating i.e. driving on its own without human intervention. Until 2015, a fully autonomous car was just a dream. But due to rapid technological advances, the dream eventually became a reality. Autonomous vehicles which were able to perform just basic operations like moving forward or backwards with the help of a remote control are becoming fully autonomous by the day. The hideous looking autonomous car which had a ton load of sensors mounted on the roof is now becoming sleeker and nattier. Autonomous vehicles detect the surroundings using various techniques such as RADAR, LIDAR, GPS, odometer and computer vision. Advanced control systems interpret sensory information to identify appropriate navigation paths, as well as obstacles and relevant signage viz. wrong way, no right turn, no left turn, etc. Autonomous cars have control systems that are capable of analysing sensory data to distinguish between different cars on the road, which is very useful in planning a trajectory in which the car should maneuvre in order to avoid a collision. This paper focuses on autonomous driving and demonstrates how a car will be able to drive without any human intervention by processing the input data taken from the sensors and applying various machine learning techniques to it, and thus making the correct decisions. Sachin Hulyalkar Swapnaja Hiray 2017-04-01 2017-04-01 14 Simulation of Particle Impact Damping Using Multibody Dynamics https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/A_ES/article/view/170966 <p>Particle Impact Damping (PID) is a passive vibration damping technique in which metal particles of small in size are placed in the enclosure attached to the vibrating structure at the highest amplitude region. The particle-particle and particle-wall collisions take place due to vibratory motion of the primary structure; hence the structure and the particles exchange the momentum and thus dissipate kinetic energy, consequently suppression of vibrations of primary structure. Due to its simplicity and potential effectiveness over wide temperature range and low cost, PID makes a better substitute to conventional damping techniques. Hence the particle damper has been successfully used to suppress the vibration of various machines such as, turbo machinery blades, bank note processing machine, space shuttles, turbine blades etc.</p><p>The primary objective of this work is to study the damping effectiveness of particle impact damping using multibody dynamics software MD-ADAMS. The simulations have been carried out for undamped beam, beam with added mass and beam with steel and lead particles. It is concluded that, the damping performance mainly depends on number, size and material of the particles.</p> T. A. Jadhav S. J. Thorat 2017-04-01 2017-04-01 14